Human-brown bear conflicts in Türkiye are driven by increased human presence around protected areas

Ecological Informatics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 81, P. 102643 - 102643

Published: May 17, 2024

Human-wildlife conflict has become a major challenge to conservation efforts around the world. Brown bears (Ursus arctos), which globally suffer from reduced habitat suitability and quality, frequently with humans. These animals need large home ranges fulfil their requirements. When space food are restricted, brown shift towards human-dominated landscapes that offer reliable sources. Türkiye, country predominantly landscapes, experiences frequent human-brown bear conflicts (HBCs). However, there been no formal analysis of nature scope these at level. Using HBC data 2017 2022, we analyzed spatial temporal dynamics events in Turkey, constructing risk map based on anthropogenic variables geographic profiling identify driving forces. did not show any annual or seasonal trends but displayed considerable variation across biogeographic regions, highest incidence concentrated along Black Sea coast Eastern Anatolia. Sixty percent all were due foraging behavior near human settlements while 12 % result activity forests, 57% resulting direct injury either humans bears. Our analyses showed proximity villages, protected areas, farmland, footprint be pivotal factors influencing risk. Approximately 21% country's territory is susceptible human-bear conflicts, substantial portion (43%) risks manifesting within 10-km radius areas. In conclusion, our findings suggest high occurrence HBCs Türkiye primarily stems limited availability natural habitats resources for bears, compounded by increased encroachment core habitats.

Language: Английский

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Environmental factors influencing the odds of livestock predations by wolves in North–Eastern Italy across 10 years: a network analysis approach

Italian Journal of Animal Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 24(1), P. 842 - 858

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Effectiveness of non-lethal predator deterrents to reduce livestock losses to leopard attacks within a multiple-use landscape of the Himalayan region

PeerJ, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 8, P. e9544 - e9544

Published: July 24, 2020

Lethal measures are widely adopted by local communities and governments to manage human-wildlife conflicts. Such lead large scale decline of carnivore populations globally with trophic cascades on ecosystems questionable impacts Mitigating human-carnivore conflicts through non-lethal will protect endangered predators secure livelihoods. However, information the effectiveness such extremely limited hence cannot be applied in developing scientific evidence. Further develop coexistence models, it is important for community members, biologists wildlife managers actively participate conservation programs. We evaluated response a visual deterrent (i.e. fox lights) deter leopard attacks livestock within multiple-use landscape western Himalaya engagement. monitored 16 experimental sites 17 control 27 villages recorded data depredation leopards between April 2018 2019. A multivariate analysis was conducted determine influence predictors animal husbandry practices vicinity human settlements. found that deterrents discouraged common predate (cows goats). also demonstrated based initiatives successful mitigating semi-natural landscapes. suggest site specific strategies adopting safeguard carnivores, humans shared

Language: Английский

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Emotions and Cultural Importance Predict the Acceptance of Large Carnivore Management Strategies by Maasai Pastoralists

Frontiers in Conservation Science, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 2

Published: July 6, 2021

Management strategies to reduce human-carnivore conflict are most effective when accepted by local communities. Previous studies have suggested that the acceptance depends on emotions toward carnivores, cultural importance of and livestock depredation, it may vary depending types carnivores involved. However, no study so far considered these factors simultaneously compare their influence management strategies. We quantified predictive potential three frequently applied mitigate conflict: action, relocation, lethal control. interviewed 100 members Maasai community in Ngorongoro Conservation Area Tanzania. used structured, closed questionnaires focused large involved depredation regionally: spotted hyenas ( Crocuta crocuta ), lions Panthera leo leopards pardus ). found majority respondents action rejected relocation control for all carnivores. The was strongly influenced emotion joy effects were stronger than effect depredation. conclude authorities should evaluate communities associate with seeking gain account differences between species. Finally, we recommend future coexistence consider socio-psychology be done longitudinally detect shifts cultural, emotional, ecological over time.

Language: Английский

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Application of maximum entropy (MaxEnt) to understand the spatial dimension of human–wildlife conflict (HWC) risk in areas adjacent to Gonarezhou National Park of Zimbabwe

Ecology and Society, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 28(3)

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

The application of empirical and spatially explicit information to understand the spatial distribution human–wildlife conflict (HWC) risk zones is increasingly becoming imperative guide conservation planning device mechanisms enhance sustain coexistence between wildlife humans. Spatial on HWC scarce in literature, previous studies have tended concentrate more human dimensions HWC. Although normally applied studies, species modeling (SDM) an indispensable tool predict visualize potential for In this study, we used maximum entropy (MaxEnt), a presence-only SDM determine ecological variables that significantly explain occurrences around Gonarezhou National Park (GNP) southeastern Zimbabwe. Our results show are not randomly distributed but tend be concentrated along areas adjacent protected support overlaps contacts landscapes. A distinctive high-risk zone observed north GNP, such as Chitsa, Mpinga, Masekesa—communities should prioritized proactive mitigation interventions. view limited resources typical less developed countries, managers pressed explicitly with highest risks effective targeted Findings from study thus provide crucial baseline identifying potentially main predictors, knowledge can streamlined resource allocation mitigate challenge.

Language: Английский

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