Impact of illegal livestock grazing on the socio-ecologica role of trophy hunting: the case of Moyowosi Kigosi game reserve, Tanzania DOI Open Access
Nyangabo V. Musika

Published: Aug. 1, 2022

Tanzania has set aside almost 40% of its land for conservation and trophy hunting is the main activity conducted in an area covering about 80% Tanzania’s conserved land. Trophy conserves wildlife inside outside Protected Areas (PAs) provides socio-economic incentives communities to conserve wildlife. Despite importance, companies surrendered 45% blocks government mainly due habitat destruction mediated by illegal livestock grazing. Unfortunately, there no empirical information on how grazing affects hunting. Therefore, impact socio-ecological role was examined using Moyowosi - Kigosi Game Reserve (MKGR) as a case study. The study investigated whether physical presence deters grazing, improves habitats, diversifies rural income. Field experiments, laboratory work, questionnaires, official records from MKGR were used this revealed that persisted over three decades (1990 – 2019). It destructed reduced forages, enhanced soil compaction, increased human activities blocks, caused lose their economic viability. Also, higher dietary overlap between buffalo livestock, density decreased invaded areas deployed spatial partitioning 5 km avoid livestock. confirmed indeed, plays important within protected areas. If affected, it will compromise multiple benefits often gained local communities. ecological conserving grass biomass cover, enhancing infiltration penetration preventing observed operational also apparent. recommends address at hotspot should conduct studies reserve could be re-seeded with species preferred herders. establish awareness campaigns develop restoration plan enhance nutrients, support herbaceous diversify boost ecosystem functioning prevent further deterioration globally Ramsar site Tanzania.

Language: Английский

Life barcoded by DNA barcodes DOI Creative Commons

Mali Guo,

Chaohai Yuan,

Leyan Tao

et al.

Conservation Genetics Resources, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(4), P. 351 - 365

Published: Aug. 15, 2022

Abstract The modern concept of DNA-based barcoding for cataloguing biodiversity was proposed in 2003 by first adopting an approximately 600 bp fragment the mitochondrial COI gene to compare via nucleotide alignments with known sequences from specimens previously identified taxonomists. Other standardized regions meeting criteria then are also evolving as DNA barcodes fast, reliable and inexpensive assessment species composition across all forms life, including animals, plants, fungi, bacteria other microorganisms. Consequently, global campaigns have resulted formation many online workbenches databases, such BOLD system, barcode references, facilitated development mini-barcodes metabarcoding strategies important extensions techniques. Here we intend give overview characteristics features these markers major reference libraries existing planet’s well address limitations opportunities increasingly broader community science society.

Language: Английский

Citations

33
Assessing the risks to valuable medicinal plants in Nepal from human activities and environmental factors DOI Creative Commons

Dhruba Khakurel,

Yadav Uprety, Sangram Karki

et al.

Global Ecology and Conservation, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 51, P. e02860 - e02860

Published: Feb. 23, 2024

The demand for trade has led to unsustainable harvesting of medicinal plants, causing a decline in their population natural habitats. This presents notable problem, however, there is lack information regarding the severity threat these resources. To address this, study was conducted identify high-value plants Annapurna Conservation Area Nepal and evaluate potential endangerment by using Rapid Vulnerability Assessment method (RVA). also calculated distribution different habitats size. Results showed that were 19 threatened, region frequently used local communities with high values. Rhizome/roots most commonly plant parts (58%), followed whole (37%). wild found be low, varying abundance among Overexploitation driven demand, low density, critical life forms identified as main threats plants. placed Dactylorhiza hatagirea Neopicrorhiza scrophulariiflora highest category. Effective conservation management measures, both in-situ ex-situ, suggested based on status

Language: Английский

Citations

5
Wild and domestic animals shape herbivory threats to endangered plants differently DOI
Felipe Domínguez Lozano,

Sandra Navas,

Rut Sánchez de Dios

et al.

Biodiversity and Conservation, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 10, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
In Vitro Propagation of Clausena lenis Drake DOI Creative Commons

Pajaree Sathuphan,

Srunya Vajrodaya, Nuttha Sanevas

et al.

Plants, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(7), P. 1123 - 1123

Published: April 4, 2025

Clausena lenis Drake, a valuable medicinal plant in the Rutaceae family, faces threats from wildlife predation, overharvesting, and climate change. In wild, C. primarily propagates through seeds; however, their rapid loss of viability poses challenges for long-term storage germplasm conservation. Plant tissue culture offers practical solution both its conservation large-scale production. This study examines seed sterilization, callus induction, shoot multiplication, root induction protocols lenis. Seeds attained 100% sterilization rate using 0.2% (w/v) HgCl2 20 min without compromising germination. When cultured on MS medium containing 0.5 mg/L 2,4-D, seed, stem-node, 1-week-old seedling explants produced abundant callus. A 2.0 BA treatment achieved with stem-node yielding highest proliferation (3.90 ± 0.31 shoots/explant), followed by seedlings (2.30 0.21 shoots/explant) (1.60 0.16 shoots/explant). Rooting was most effective half-strength supplemented 20.0 IBA, producing an average 4.30 0.83 roots per shoot-tip-deprived explants. The rooted plantlets successfully acclimatized, attaining survival 1:1:1 mixture sterile soil, cocopeat, vermiculite. These findings provide robust platform sustainable propagation response to growing vulnerabilities.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Medicinal plants traditionally used in health care practices by inhabitants of Paddar region of Jammu and Kashmir, India DOI
Kanwaljeet Singh,

Pankaj Kumar,

Bushan Kumar

et al.

Journal of Ethnopharmacology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 334, P. 118514 - 118514

Published: July 1, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

3
Richness and distribution of endangered orchid species under different climate scenarios on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau DOI Creative Commons
Huawei Hu, Yanqiang Wei,

Wenying Wang

et al.

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Sept. 7, 2022

Predicting the potential influences of climate change on richness and distribution is essential for protection endangered species. Most orchid species are narrowly distributed in specific habitats very vulnerable to habitat disturbance, especially Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP). In this study, we simulated 17 QTP using MaxEnt model based shared socioeconomic pathways scenarios (SSPs) 2050s 2070s. The results showed that aspect, annual precipitation, elevation, mean temperature driest quarter, topsoil pH (H2O), sand fraction had a large influence QTP. area ranging from 6 11 under current scenario was 14,462 km2 (accounting 0.56% QTP), it mostly southeastern part SSP370 2070s smallest (9,370 km2: only accounting 0.36% QTP). largest 45,394 1.77% QTP) SSP585 total all increased SSP126, SSP245, SSP370, SSP585. basically declined with increasing elevation future scenarios. different between 3,267 3,463 m. decreased SSP126 (3,457 m) (3,267 Based these findings, conservation plans should be concentrated selection protected areas protect

Language: Английский

Citations

16
Making sense of domestic wildlife and CITES legislation: The example of Nepal's orchids DOI
Reshu Bashyal, Kumar Paudel, Amy Hinsley

et al.

Biological Conservation, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 280, P. 109951 - 109951

Published: Feb. 26, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

9
Illegal harvesting and livestock grazing threaten the endangered orchid Dactylorhiza hatagirea (D. Don) Soó in Nepalese Himalaya DOI Creative Commons
Deep Jyoti Chapagain, Henrik Meilby, Chitra Bahadur Baniya

et al.

Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 11(11), P. 6672 - 6687

Published: May 1, 2021

Harvesting of orchids for medicine and salep production is a traditional practice, increasing market demand spurring illegal harvest. Ethno-ecological studies in combination with the effect anthropogenic disturbance are lacking orchids. We compared population density structure, tuber biomass Dactylorhiza hatagirea (D. Don) Soó three years two sites: Manang, where harvesting medicinal plants was locally regulated (protected), Darchula, unregulated (unprotected). Six populations were studied along an elevation gradient by establishing 144 temporary plots (3 × 3 m2) from 3,400 to 4,600 m elevations. Mean D. significantly higher protected (1.31 ± 0.17 plants/m2) than unprotected (0.72 0.06 site. The site showed stable high reproductive fitness over three-year period. A significant negative (p < .1) relative radiation index (RRI) on adult vegetative stage positive herb cover juvenile stages found using mixed zero-inflated Poisson (mixed ZIP) models. densities different life highly sensitive livestock grazing. Significant interactions between grazing indicated particularly strong effects these disturbances Semi-structured interviews conducted informants (n = 186) villages at ecological survey sites. Our interview results that people aware conservation status maintain sustainable populations, whereas opposite case threatened. Sustainability therefore, largely depends controlling premature grazing, thus indicating need permanent monitoring species.

Language: Английский

Citations

20
Genetic relationships of salep orchid species and gene flow among Serapias vomeracea × Anacamptis morio hybrids DOI
Esra Bulunuz Palaz, Fatih Demirel,

Sümeyye Adali

et al.

Plant Biotechnology Reports, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 17(2), P. 315 - 327

Published: July 26, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

14
Variation in the Floral Morphology of Prosthechea karwinskii (Orchidaceae), a Mexican Endemic Orchid at Risk DOI Open Access

María Hipólita Santos-Escamilla,

Gabriela Cruz-Lustre, Manuel Cuéllar-Martínez

et al.

Published: June 29, 2024

Prosthechea karwinskii is an orchid endemic to Mexico, threatened by the destruction of its habitat and extraction specimens meet demand for ornamental religious use. Most populations, most locally abundant ones, are found in Oaxaca state. Variations some floral traits have been observed these populations. We implemented a morphometric analysis assess their variation identify significant characters morphological patterns this orchid. Floral samples were collected from 17 populations P. Oaxaca, as well used ornaments during Easter Oaxacan community (Zaachila), whose origin unknown. Sampling natural covered environmental, geographic species. performed variance (ANOVA), principal component (PCA), canonical variate (CVA), cluster including 185 individuals 45 variables (13 them discarded multivariate analyzes due high correlation). Characters column, lateral sepal, labellum informative about patterns. Albarradas showed greatest differentiation, mainly column. In general, same locality tended overlap more, especially Jaltianguis Yahuiche, which different geographically close population Etla. Teposcolula presented highest values perianth characters, unlike Sola_Rancho Viejo. The recovered morphologically more similar those Mixtec region surroundings Our work encourages working on collaborative conservation strategies ensure long-term permanence both species traditional uses.

Language: Английский

Citations

2