Genetic basis of ecologically relevant body shape variation among four genera of cichlid fishes

Molecular Ecology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 32(14), P. 3975 - 3988

Published: May 10, 2023

Abstract Divergence in body shape is one of the most widespread and repeated patterns morphological variation fishes associated with habitat specification swimming mechanics. Such ecological diversification first stage explosive adaptive radiation cichlid East African Rift Lakes. We use two hybrid crosses cichlids ( Metriaclima sp . × Aulonocara sp. Labidochromis Labeotropheus sp., >975 animals total) to determine genetic basis that similar benthic‐pelagic divergence across fishes. Using a series both linear geometric measurements, we identified 34 quantitative trait loci (QTL) underlie various aspects variation. These QTL are spread throughout genome, each explaining 3.2–8.6% phenotypic variation, largely modular. Further, distinct between these Lake Malawi compared previously for such as sticklebacks. find controlled by many genes small effect. In all, convergent phenotypes commonly observed fish clades likely due molecular mechanisms.

Language: Английский

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Do animal personality components independently evolve and develop in response to environmental complexity?

Animal Behaviour, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 221, P. 123077 - 123077

Published: Jan. 28, 2025

Language: Английский

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The interaction of resource use and gene flow on the phenotypic divergence of benthic and pelagic morphs of Icelandic Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus)

Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 11(12), P. 7315 - 7334

Published: May 2, 2021

Conceptual models of adaptive divergence and ecological speciation in sympatry predict differential resource use, phenotype-environment correlations, reduced gene flow among diverging phenotypes. While these predictions have been assessed past studies, connections them rarely collectively. We examined relationships phenotypic, ecological, genetic variation Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) from six Icelandic localities that undergone varying degrees into sympatric benthic pelagic morphs. characterized morphological with geometric morphometrics, tested for use between morphs using stable isotopes, inferred the amount single nucleotide polymorphisms. Analysis isotopic signatures indicated showed similar difference across populations, likely arising common utilization niche space within each population. Carbon signature was also a significant predictor individual body shape size, suggesting is associated phenotypic variation. The estimated percentage hybrids varied populations (from 0% to 15.6%) but majority fish had genotypes (ancestry coefficients) characteristic pure Despite evidence morphs, we did not detect expected negative relationship flow. Three lakes pattern, fourth no detectable hybridization relatively low differences them. This coupled finding differentiation effects on suggests reproductive isolation maintains when are low. Our ability assess phenotype, ecology, genetics deepens our understanding processes underlying sympatry.

Language: Английский

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Patterns, processes and conservation management consequences of intraspecific diversity, illustrated by fishes from recently glaciated lakes

Aquatic Conservation Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 34(2)

Published: Feb. 1, 2024

Abstract Patterns in phenotypic and genotypic diversity within many species are becoming increasingly apparent, although there remain for which such patterns have yet to be described adequately. Fishes from recently glaciated ecosystems likely particularly rich intraspecific diversity, current conservation management strategies are, parts of the world, Europe, conventionally overwhelmingly focused on species, regardless competing concepts, appropriate policies managing at a sub‐specific level still developed. Occasional attempts protect certain vulnerable ecotypes proposed alternative units (e.g. ‘Pragmatic Species’ or ‘Evolutionarily Significant Units’) reinforce conventional primacy contemporary expressed variation. Intraspecific ultimately result complex processes divergence; approaches that focus products evolution largely ignore generate maintain those patterns. Policies acknowledge continuation evolution, derivation novel over often very short time spans role environment initiating perpetuating these poorly integrated into strategy. To address possible deficits, where is not addressed practice, we believe it important first characterize hidden genetic may intimate eco‐evolutionary processes, initially among high status. A second step should use an approach illuminates ultimate mechanisms bring about also concedes central affords adequate protection drive as United Nations Convention Biological Diversity (CBD) Ecosystems approach.

Language: Английский

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The role of neutral and adaptive evolutionary processes on patterns of genetic diversity across small cave‐dwelling populations of Icelandic Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus)

Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(5)

Published: May 1, 2024

Understanding the adaptability of small populations in face environmental change is a central problem evolutionary biology. Solving this challenging because neutral processes that operate on historical and contemporary timescales can override effects selection populations. We assessed isolation by colonization (IBC), dispersal limitation (IBDL) as reflected pattern distance (IBD), adaptation (IBA) roles genetic drift gene flow patterns differentiation among 19 cave-dwelling Icelandic Arctic charr (

Language: Английский

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Diversity in the internal functional feeding elements of sympatric morphs of Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus)

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 19(5), P. e0300359 - e0300359

Published: May 21, 2024

The diversity of functional feeding anatomy is particularly impressive in fishes and correlates with various interspecific ecological specializations. Intraspecific polymorphism can manifest divergent morphology ecology, often along a benthic–pelagic axis. Arctic charr ( Salvelinus alpinus ) freshwater salmonid known for morphological variation sympatric Lake Þingvallavatn, Iceland, four morphs coexist that differ preferred prey, behaviour, habitat use, external morphology. We studied six upper lower jaw bones adults these using geometric morphometrics univariate statistics. tested allometric differences bone size shape among morphs, morph effects on shape, divergence the benthic-pelagic also examined degree integration between pairs. found pelagic benthic two (dentary premaxilla). There was clear axis (dentary, articular-angular, premaxilla maxilla), as well dentary. Notably dentary, explained more than size. Comparatively, possess compact taller shorter dentary palate, consistent visible (but less prominent) As emerged last 10,000 years, results indicate rapid evolution specific structures arctic charr. This sets stage studies genetics development parallel craniofacial evolution.

Language: Английский

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Variation in egg size and offspring phenotype among and within seven Arctic charr morphs

Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(10)

Published: Oct. 1, 2022

Maternal effects have the potential to alter early developmental processes of offspring and contribute adaptive diversification. Egg size is a major contributor phenotype, which can influence trajectories resource use. However, what extent intraspecific variation in egg facilitates evolution polymorphism poorly understood. We studied multiple morphs Icelandic Arctic charr, ranging from an anadromous morph-with phenotype similar proposed ancestral phenotype-to sympatric that vary their degree phenotypic divergence morph. characterized tested whether influenced at life stages (i.e., timing of- at- hatching first feeding [FF]). predicted would differ among be less variable as diverge away phenotype. also correlate with timing. found had different size, timing, FF. increased proximity decreased, larger eggs generally giving rise offspring, especially FF, but no effect on rate. The interaction between environment may profound impact fitness, where resulting differences life-history traits act initiate and/or maintain

Language: Английский

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Personality and temporal plasticity in fish populations along a gradient of evolutionary divergence

Animal Behaviour, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 199, P. 23 - 33

Published: March 20, 2023

Language: Английский

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Rapid and biased evolution of canalization during adaptive divergence revealed by dominance in gene expression variability during Arctic charr early development

Communications Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 6(1)

Published: Aug. 31, 2023

Adaptive evolution may be influenced by canalization, the buffering of developmental processes from environmental and genetic perturbations, but how this occurs is poorly understood. Here, we explore gene expression variability evolves in diverging hybridizing populations, focusing on Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) Thingvallavatn, a classic case divergence between feeding habitats. We report distinct profiles variance for both coding RNAs microRNAs offspring two contrasting morphs (benthic/limnetic) their hybrids reared common conditions sampled at key points cranial development. Gene substantially affected maternal effects, many genes show biased toward limnetic morph. This suggests that as inferred variance, can rapidly diverge sympatry through multiple pathways, which are associated with dominance patterns possibly biasing evolutionary trajectories mitigating effects hybridization adaptive evolution.

Language: Английский

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Variation in personality shaped by evolutionary history, genotype and developmental plasticity in response to feeding modalities in the Arctic charr

Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 290(2013)

Published: Dec. 13, 2023

Animal personality has been shown to be influenced by both genetic and environmental factors shaped natural selection. Currently, little is known about mechanisms influencing the development of traits. This study examines extent which genetically and/or environmentally responsive (plastic). We also investigated role evolutionary history, assessing whether traits could canalized along a ecological divergence gradient. tested plastic potential boldness in juveniles five Icelandic Arctic charr morphs (Salvelinus alpinus), including two pairs sympatric morphs, displaying various degrees from ancestral anadromous charr, split between treatments mimicking benthic versus pelagic feeding modalities. show that differences mean are mostly affected genetics. While treatment led bolder individuals overall, effect was rather weak, suggesting lies under strong influence with reduced potential. Finally, we found hints canalization through variance plasticity, higher consistency within morphs. These findings provide new insights on how behavioural may impact adaptive diversification.

Language: Английский

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