Contrasting effects of soil microbial interactions on growth–defence relationships between early‐ and mid‐successional plant communities

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 233(3), P. 1345 - 1357

Published: July 9, 2021

Summary Plants allocate resources to processes related growth and enemy defence. Simultaneously, they interact with complex soil microbiomes that also affect plant performance. While the influence of individual microbial groups on single plants is increasingly studied, effects interactions growth, defence growth–defence relationships remain unknown, especially at community level. We investigated how three (bacteria, fungi, protists), alone in full‐factorial combinations, performance potential by measuring phenolics composition early‐ mid‐successional grass forb communities a glasshouse experiment. Microbial did not only fungi increased compounds forbs, while grasses were affected. Shoot biomass–defence negatively correlated most treatments early‐successional but positively several forbs. The relationship was generally negative grasses. presence different commonly removed observed relationships. conclude microorganisms their can shift differentially for functional vary between successional stages. interaction‐induced shifts might therefore underlie distinct strategies fitness.

Language: Английский

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Untangling the complexity of priority effects in multispecies communities

Ecology Letters, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 24(11), P. 2301 - 2313

Published: Sept. 1, 2021

The history of species immigration can dictate how interact in local communities, thereby causing historical contingency community assembly. Since is rarely known, these influences, or priority effects, pose a major challenge predicting Here, we provide graph-based, non-parametric, theoretical framework for understanding the predictability assembly as affected by effects. To develop this framework, first show that diversity possible effects increases super-exponentially with number species. We then point out that, despite diversity, consequences multispecies communities be classified into four basic types, each which reduces predictability: alternative stable states, transient paths, compositional cycles and lack escapes from to states. Using neural network, classification enables accurate explanation predictability, particularly when immigrates repeatedly. also demonstrate empirical utility our applying it two experimentally derived graphs algal ciliate communities. Based on analyses, discuss proposed here help guide experimental investigation history-dependent

Language: Английский

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Changes in precipitation patterns can destabilize plant species coexistence via changes in plant–soil feedback

Nature Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 6(5), P. 546 - 554

Published: March 28, 2022

Language: Английский

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Impact of Tea Tree Cultivation on Soil Microbiota, Soil Organic Matter, and Nitrogen Cycling in Mountainous Plantations

Agronomy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(3), P. 638 - 638

Published: March 21, 2024

This study focused on examining the early stages of tea cultivation (1, 3, and 5 years) in mountainous plantations. It specifically aimed to investigate changes soil micro-ecology at different locations (inter-row, terrace surfaces, walls). was revealed that as tree progressed over years, bacterial diversity co-occurrence networks annually decreased locations. The results physicochemical index analysis showed soil’s available nutrients activities cellulase protease increased. Furthermore, amplitude variation these indexes inter-row significantly higher than surfaces walls (p < 0.05). Alterations occurred microbial community structure, with an enrichment genera such Sinomonas, Granulicella, Sphingomonas, well fungal Trichoderma, Penicillium, Talaromyces; increase proportion plant pathogenic fungi (Cladosporium, Fusarium, Curvularia) observed soil. function prediction nitrification nitrogen fixation decreased, but denitrification increased In conclusion, cultivating trees terraced plantations impacted community, accelerated metabolism organic matter, disrupted cycling functions, presence pathogens. Moreover, structure functions demonstrate a spatial distance effect across

Language: Английский

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Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi equalize differences in plant fitness and facilitate plant species coexistence through niche differentiation

Nature Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 8(11), P. 2058 - 2071

Published: Sept. 9, 2024

Language: Английский

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Reconciling plant and microbial ecological strategies to elucidate cover crop effects on soil carbon and nitrogen cycling

Journal of Ecology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 15, 2024

Abstract Plant economics, the way plants allocate and utilize resources, affect multiple soil processes through interactions with root associated microbial communities. However, interplay between plant economics ecological strategies remains poorly understood, which is crucial for integrated manipulation of plant‐ microbe‐mediated functions in mitigating climate change sustaining health. We used a field experiment 11 cover crop species grown monocultures same base to test whether are economic if their linked functions. A principal component analysis (PCA) was performed on leaf traits identify loadings trait space. Metagenomic rhizosphere communities conducted infer based genetically encoded community‐aggregated traits. found synchronous relationship conservation gradient trade‐offs strategies. Conservative strategists, such as Lolium multiflorum , Triticum turgidum Brassica juncea fostered characterized by high growth yield potentials (Y‐strategies). This included increased carbon fixation pathways, citrate cycle, ribosome valine, leucine isoleucine biosynthesis. As result, metabolic efficiency improved, shown higher biomass content lower quotient (qCO 2 ), led enhanced organic accumulation. In comparison, acquisitive like Astragalus sinicus Vicia villosa Trifolium incarnatum Medicago sativa stimulated resource‐acquisition (A‐strategies). bacterial chemotaxis, secretion systems, biotin metabolism cell motility turn exoenzyme activity accelerated nitrogen mineralization. Consequently, these availability had substantial feedbacks subsequent main productivity. Synthesis . study demonstrates how influence balance different strategies, specifically Y‐ A‐strategies. These exert control over dynamics ecosystem. The findings provide insights implementing nature‐based solutions improve agroecosystem management practices.

Language: Английский

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Dynamic plant–soil microbe interactions: the neglected effect of soil conditioning time

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 231(4), P. 1546 - 1558

Published: June 9, 2021

Plant-soil feedback (PSF) may change in strength over the life of plant individuals as plants continue to modify soil microbial community. However, temporal variation PSF is rarely quantified and its impacts on communities remain unknown. Using a chronosequence reconstructed from annual aerial photographs coastal dune ecosystem, we characterized > 20-yr changes associated with four dominant perennial species, one legume three nonlegume. We also effects biota conspecific heterospecific seedling performance glasshouse experiment that preserved properties these individual plants. Additionally, used general individual-based model explore potential consequences temporally varying community assembly. In all changed age. responses turnover composition depended identity species: only effect experienced by nonlegume species became increasingly negative longer conditioning. Model simulation suggested could affect transient dynamics These results suggest should be considered understand how structures communities.

Language: Английский

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Microbiome influence on host community dynamics: Conceptual integration of microbiome feedback with classical host–microbe theory

Ecology Letters, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 24(12), P. 2796 - 2811

Published: Oct. 4, 2021

Abstract Microbiomes have profound effects on host fitness, yet we struggle to understand the implications for ecology. Microbiome influence ecology has been investigated using two independent frameworks. Classical ecological theory powerfully represents mechanistic interactions predicting environmental dependence of microbiome ecology, but these models are notoriously difficult evaluate empirically. Alternatively, host–microbiome feedback impacts dynamics fitness as simple net that easily amenable experimental evaluation. The framework enabled rapid progress in understanding microbiomes’ plant and can also be applied animal hosts. We conceptually integrate frameworks by deriving expressions terms model parameters. This generates a precise mapping between classic population modelling, thereby merging with tractability, necessary step building predictive

Language: Английский

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Synthesizing the effects of individual‐level variation on coexistence

Ecological Monographs, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 92(1)

Published: Oct. 29, 2021

Abstract Intraspecific trait variation (ITV) is a widespread feature of life, but it an open question how ITV affects between‐species coexistence. Recent theoretical studies have produced contradictory results, with promoting coexistence in some models and undermining others. Here we review recent work propose new conceptual framework to explain between two species. We that all traits belong one categories: niche hierarchical traits. Niche determine individual's location on axis or trade‐off axis, such changing makes perform better circumstances worse Hierarchical represent cases where conspecifics different the same niche, performs under circumstances, there are winners losers. Our predictions for intraspecific each type by altering stabilizing mechanisms fitness differences. For example, generally weakens mechanism, except when generates generalist–specialist trade‐off. On other hand, tend impact competitors differently, species will strengthen mechanism while weaken mechanism. re‐examine 10 coexistence, along four novel models, show our can why promotes undermines Overall, reconciles what were previously considered be contrasting results provides both empirical directions study effect

Language: Английский

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Consistent effects of vegetation patch type on soil microbial communities across three successional stages in a desert ecosystem

Land Degradation and Development, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 33(10), P. 1552 - 1563

Published: Jan. 6, 2022

Abstract Desertification is a worldwide problem caused by climate change and human activity in dryland regions. In China, approximately 27% of the land surface desertified. these desertified ecosystems, aboveground interactions are known to greatly affect ecological succession, but belowground soil microbial communities relatively unstudied. It not yet clear how with different vegetation patch types (e.g., shrub vs. grass) across successional stages ecosystems. this study, we assessed effects patches (dominated Artemisia ordosica ) grass on community diversity, environment, substrates three (mobile, semi‐mobile, fixed dunes) sand dune ecosystem Kubuqi Desert, China. Microbial alpha as indicated Shannon index or operational taxonomic unit (OTU) richness, was affected type increased stages. Patch type‐ stage‐induced changes bacterial fungal diversity were mainly associated organic carbon. Unlike beta stage type. The Mantel test revealed that carbon, carbon pH. OTU richness responded more strongly than index, indicating can be used an indicator status desert consistent differences between indicate shrubs significantly influence

Language: Английский

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