Plant biodiversity promotes sustainable agriculture directly and via belowground effects

Trends in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 27(7), P. 674 - 687

Published: March 9, 2022

Modern agriculture is characterized by monocultures, which rely on external inputs and contribute to greenhouse gas emissions biodiversity loss.Biodiversity drives ecosystem functions through multiple mechanisms.The importance of plant–soil feedbacks mediated soil microbial communities in biodiversity–ecosystem functioning (BEF) relationships for agricultural practices increasingly recognized.BEF research can guide the development diversification that not only species diversity but mechanisms stemming from composition functional traits enhance both above- belowground functions.We identify how plant may carbon retention soils via effects microorganisms.Diversification requires a fundamental ecological understanding underlying alleviate trade-offs between desired crop yields. While positive relationship well established, extent this processes poorly understood. Growing evidence suggests community structure influences diversity, turn promotes sustainable agriculture. Here, we outline 'plant-directed' microbe-mediated expected promote BEF. We knowledge be utilized schemes maximize agroecosystems, are typically poor sensitive biotic abiotic stressors. In face resource overexploitation global change, bridging gaps science crucial meet food security Anthropocene. Biodiversity stabilizes provisioning services, such as biomass production, nutrient cycling supporting processes, storage, pollination, or reduction pests pathogens [1.Balvanera P. et al.Quantifying services.Ecol. Lett. 2006; 9: 1146-1156Crossref PubMed Scopus (1765) Google Scholar, 2.Cardinale B.J. al.The role producer ecosystems.Am. J. Bot. 2011; 98: 572-592Crossref (804) 3.van der Plas F. naturally assembled communities.Biol. Rev. Camb. Philos. Soc. 2019; 94: 1220-1245PubMed Scholar]. Agricultural systems depleted [4.Savary S. burden major crops.Nat. Ecol. Evol. 3: 430-439Crossref (611) Scholar] stress, including drought [5.Liang X.-Z. al.Determining climate US total productivity.Proc. 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Many provided biodiversity, like retention, weed control, suppression, important hence classified agroecosystem Scholar,33.Duru al.How implement biodiversity-based services: review.Agron. Sustain. Dev. 35: 1259-1281Crossref (227) maximizes yield short term, crops high monocultures supplemented nutrients pesticides. scenario, adding provide limited benefits Often, does increase [34.Letourneau D.K. al.Does agroecosystems? review.Ecol. Appl. 9-21Crossref (476) Scholar,35.Tamburini G. al.Agricultural without compromising yield.Sci. Adv. eaba1715Crossref However, improve potentially reduce pesticides, irrigation, fertilization Crop – even monoculture two-cultivar reduces Scholar,36.Zhu Y. al.Genetic control rice.Nature. 2000; 406: 718-722Crossref (992) Also, distribution trait abundances, strong predictor multifunctionality includes (N) inorganic N supply, sometimes [37.Finney D.M. Kaye J.P. Functional cover polycultures system.J. 54: 509-517Crossref (112) Figure 2, ways space time systems.Figure 3Plant cycling.Show full captionPlant impacts multitrophic assembly growth. hypothesize more-diverse rhizodeposits cycling, growth formation complex necromass, form matter (SOM) persistent degradation. Red arrows: plant-driven (green arrows). High (blue arrows), (brown arrows).View Large Image ViewerDownload Hi-res image Download (PPT) any measures helps some function, lack general framework From farmer's perspective, decide whether suitable option. Therefore, efforts needed potential [38.German R.N. al.Relationships among aspects agriculture's productivity: agriculture.Biol. 92: 716-738Crossref especially providing simultaneously Scholar,17.Manning Scholar,37.Finney Often depends partly each capacities [39.van al.Jack-of-all-trades European forests.Nat. Commun. 2016; 7: 11109Crossref (27) Since good [20.S.L. Scholar,40.Isbell al.Benefits agroecosystems.J. 105: 871-879Crossref (232) dilute single 'Jack-of-all-trades' likely: intermediate while low-diversity better maximizing context if particular desired, it beneficial efficient function. facilitation, help above additive level implies where maximize, identity additional (thereafter service crop) essential functions, yield. definition target given choice accordingly. they provide: experiment, Wagg legume crops, nutrient-rich comes cost nitrate capture susceptibility pathogenic fungi, Brassicaceae suppressing microbes [41.Wagg al.Full-season services.Agriculture. 11: 830Crossref (2) scheme (complementarity effects). For example, pest alleviated legumes [42.Iverson A.L. al.Do win–wins services? meta-analysis.J. 51: 1593-1602Crossref Thus, occur, strategic Similar principles apply varieties [43.Montazeaud al.Multifaceted multifaceted yield: towards varietal mixtures.J. 57: 2285-2295Crossref (5) oftentimes strengthen time, has, been reported longest-running Cedar Creek Natural History Area cropping accumulate time: build up decline [44.Bennett A.J. al.Meeting demand production: grown rotations.Biol. 87: 52-71Crossref (261) become less longer timescales. might vary depending perennial annual plants. expect arable systems, tilled regularly, stronger disturbance tilling harvest disrupt buildup agroecosystems pastures agroforestry weaken happen aboveground, multitude belowground. These include involved partitioning, decomposition, (belowground) pathogens, mutualistic and/or bacterial Further driving Beneficial acquisition, defense, tolerance, capture, [45.van Heijden M.G.A. al.Mycorrhizal determines variability productivity.Nature

Language: Английский

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Plant–soil feedback under drought: does history shape the future?

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 38(8), P. 708 - 718

Published: March 25, 2023

Plant–soil feedback (PSF) is widely recognised as a driver of plant community composition, but understanding its response to drought remains in infancy. Here, we provide conceptual framework for the role PSF, considering traits, severity, and historical precipitation over ecological evolutionary timescales. Comparing experimental studies where plants microbes do or not share history (through co-sourcing conditioning), hypothesise that with shared experience more positive PSF under subsequent drought. To reflect real-world responses drought, future need explicitly include plant–microbial co-occurrence potential co-adaptation consider experienced by both microbes.

Language: Английский

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Multi‐dimensionality as a path forward in plant‐soil feedback research

Journal of Ecology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 109(10), P. 3446 - 3465

Published: April 30, 2021

Abstract Feedback between plants and their associated soil biota is an important driver of plant distribution, abundance community composition with consequences for ecosystem functioning. The field plant‐soil feedback (PSF) research has become integral subdiscipline terrestrial ecology, in recent decades rapidly evolved by deepening broadening its scope. We review the major developments field, discuss methodological considerations present a way forward new approaches to PSF that will lead more generalized predictive understanding PSFs. illustrate pursued multiple dimensions, including temporal scales, biogeographic perspectives, environmental context level biological resolution. Plant‐soil feedbacks have been related successional species turnover, but our inferences are often constrained experimental time‐scales, anthropogenic impacts can alter or disrupt interactions biota. also used explain spatial patterns recruitment, coexistence diversity, increasingly linked spread non‐native invasive plants. In years, consideration given sensitivity context, particularly gradients resource availability changing climatic conditions (including extreme events). Here, particular interest differential responses mutualistic antagonistic How interact different groups further predicted from species' phylogenetic relatedness chemical morphological shoot, root litter traits. Synthesis . moving forward, future should take multidimensional approach explicitly considering cross‐connections including, example, spatio‐temporal variation availability, trait–environment relationships across taxonomic functional organisms. This movement be accelerated advances utilizing types experiments laboratory as well establishing global collaborative networks.

Language: Английский

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Differential effects of pine wilt disease on root endosphere, rhizosphere, and soil microbiome of Korean white pine

Microbiology Spectrum, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 6, 2025

Pine wilt disease (PWD), caused by pinewood nematodes, is highly destructive to pine forests in Asia and Europe, including Korean white (Pinus koraiensis). The microbiome the needles trunk of Pinus spp. are recognized play key roles resistance against PWD. However, role root soil microbiomes remains unclear. This study compares bacterial fungal communities endosphere, rhizosphere soil, bulk diseased versus healthy P. koraiensis. Results showed that PWD increased α-diversity fungi but did not affect microbial diversity endosphere or soil. composition soils was significantly altered Specifically, relative abundance Planctomycetes decreased, Tremellomycetes increased, while Agaricomycetes decreased both after infestation with PWD, respectively. Relative abundances Chloroflexi Verrucomicrobia Proteobacteria following Leotiomycetes Eurotiomycetes Furthermore, host plant ectomycorrhizal decreases, saprotrophic increases soils. Our results revealed affects koraiensis, varying impacts across different plant-soil compartments. provides insights into how respond enhancing our understanding disease's ecological consequences.IMPORTANCEThe belowground often sensitive infection forest diseases also as a potential reservoir for selection agents demonstrates dynamics natural compartment taxa specific, degrees responses highlight importance utilizing appropriate compartments understand consequences

Language: Английский

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The temporal and spatial dimensions of plant–soil feedbacks

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 237(6), P. 2012 - 2019

Published: Jan. 6, 2023

Feedbacks between plants and soil microbes form a keystone to terrestrial community ecosystem dynamics. Recent advances in dissecting the spatial temporal dynamics of plant-soil feedbacks (PSFs) have challenged longstanding assumptions spatially well-mixed microbial communities exceedingly fast assembly relative plant lifespans. Instead, PSFs emerge from interactions that are inherently mismatched scales, explicitly considering these is crucial understanding contribution foundational ecological patterns. I propose synthetic spatiotemporal framework for future research pairs experimental modeling approaches grounded mechanism improve predictability generalizability PSFs.

Language: Английский

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Rhizosphere microbiome assembly, drivers and functions in perennial ligneous plant health

Microbiological Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 287, P. 127860 - 127860

Published: July 29, 2024

Plants shape and interact continuously with their rhizospheric microbiota, which play a key role in plant health resilience. However, plant-associated microbial community can be shaped by several factors including phenotype cropping system. Thus, understanding the interplay between microbiome assembly during onset of plant-pathogen interactions long-lasting resistance traits ligneous plants remains major challenge. To date, such attempts were mainly investigated herbaceous plants, due to phenotypic characteristics short life cycle. only few studies have focused on structure, dynamic drivers perennial plants. Ligneous coevolved interaction specific fungal bacterial communities that differ from those annual The specificities shaping own functional could dependent high heterozygosis, physiological molecular status associated seasonality aging processes, root system above-ground architectures, climatic variations, cultural practices. This article provides an overview are likely modulate symbiotic rhizosphere, thus affecting plant's fitness systemic immunity. Plant contributing establishment plant-microbiome adaptation this holobiont also discussed.

Language: Английский

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Plantation vegetation restoration enhances the relationship between rhizosphere microbial diversity and soil multifunctionality

Land Degradation and Development, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 33(17), P. 3630 - 3640

Published: July 11, 2022

Abstract Many studies have demonstrated the importance of rhizosphere microorganisms to soil nutrient cycling and plant stress resistance. However, we still lack a comprehensive understanding potential relationship between microbial diversity multifunctionality during forest vegetation restoration. In this study, diversity, assembly processes, co‐occurrence patterns communities were explored along 45‐year chronosequence Robinia pseudoacacia plantations in China's Loess Plateau region. Soil multifunction index was calculated based on 11 measured available properties. The results showed that both α‐ β‐diversities significantly correlated with index. Stochastic processes dominated community assembly. Correlations abundances sensitive operational taxonomic units for different ages (i.e. 15, 25, 35, 45 years old) multifunctional varied distinct network modules, being positive module 1 negative 2. There correlation complexity (e.g. degree) contribution core microbiota higher than non‐core microbiota. To sum up, plantation restoration enhances multifunctionality, while affecting rhizosphere.

Language: Английский

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Older populations of the invader Solidago canadensis exhibit stronger positive plant‐soil feedbacks and competitive ability in China

American Journal of Botany, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 109(8), P. 1230 - 1241

Published: July 12, 2022

The enemy release hypothesis predicts that from natural enemies, including soil-borne pathogens, liberates invasive plants a negative regulating force. Nevertheless, may acquire novel enemies and mutualists in the introduced range, which cause variable effects on invader growth. However, how soil microorganisms influence competitive ability of along invasion chronosequences has been little explored.Using plant Solidago canadensis, we tested whether longer residence times are associated with stronger plant-soil feedbacks thus weaker abilities at individual level. We grew S. canadensis individuals 36 populations different across southeastern China competition versus no three types soils: (1) conspecific rhizospheric soils; (2) soils uninvaded patches; (3) sterilized soil. For our competitor treatments, constructed synthetic communities four native species (Bidens parviflora, Solanum nigrum, Kalimeris indica, Mosla scabra), naturally co-occur field.Solidago experienced positive had greater responses (i.e., produced above-ground biomass taller) than or soils. Moreover, older significantly suppressed but not soil.The present results suggest experience feedbacks, enhance their against communities.

Language: Английский

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Time‐dependent interaction modification generated from plant–soil feedback

Ecology Letters, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 27(5)

Published: May 1, 2024

Abstract Pairwise interactions between species can be modified by other community members, leading to emergent dynamics contingent on composition. Despite the prevalence of such higher‐order interactions, little is known about how they are linked timing and order species' arrival. We generate population from a mechanistic plant–soil feedback model, then apply general theoretical framework show that modification pairwise interaction third plant depends its germination phenology. These time‐dependent modifications emerge concurrent changes in microbe populations strengthened higher overlap plants' associated microbiomes. The this specificity microbiomes further determines coexistence. Our widely applicable mechanisms systems which similar emerge, highlighting need integrate temporal shifts predict natural communities.

Language: Английский

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How you dune-ing? a systematic review of coastal dune plant community assembly

Journal of Coastal Conservation, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 29(3)

Published: April 30, 2025

Language: Английский

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