Linkages between flow regime, biota, and ecosystem processes: Implications for river restoration

Science, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 365(6459)

Published: Sept. 19, 2019

River ecosystems are highly biodiverse, influence global biogeochemical cycles, and provide valued services. However, humans increasingly degrading fluvial by altering their streamflows. Effective river restoration requires advancing our mechanistic understanding of how flow regimes affect biota ecosystem processes. Here, we review emerging advances in hydroecology relevant to this goal. Spatiotemporal variation exerts direct indirect control on the composition, structure, dynamics communities at local regional scales. Streamflows also processes, such as nutrient uptake transformation, organic matter processing, metabolism. We deepening biological not just static patterns, affected stream research nexus flow-biota-ecosystem processes is an early stage. illustrate frontier with evidence from altered regulated rivers urban streams. identify challenges that should be prioritized advance process-based restoration.

Language: Английский

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The role of dispersal in river network metacommunities: Patterns, processes, and pathways

Freshwater Biology, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 63(1), P. 141 - 163

Published: Oct. 9, 2017

Abstract River networks are hierarchical dendritic habitats embedded within the terrestrial landscape, with varying connectivity between sites depending on their positions along network. This physical organisation influences dispersal of organisms, which ultimately affects metacommunity dynamics and biodiversity patterns. We provide a conceptual synthesis role river in structuring metacommunities relation to processes riverine ecosystems. explore where network best explains observed structure compared other measurements connectivity. mostly focus invertebrates, but also consider taxonomic groups, including microbes, fishes, plants, amphibians. Synthesising studies that multiple spatial distance metrics, we found importance itself explaining patterns depended variety factors, mode (aquatic versus aerial terrestrial) landscape type (arid mesic), as well location‐specific such connectivity, land use, topographic heterogeneity, biotic interactions. The appears be less important for strong dispersers insects arid systems than groups biomes, there is considerable variability. Borrowing from literature, particularly genetics, developed model predicts explanatory power peaks mesic obligate aquatic dispersers. propose directions future avenues research, use manipulative field laboratory experiments test theory networks. While have own benefits drawbacks (e.g. reality, control, cost), both powerful approaches understanding mechanisms metacommunities, by teasing apart niche‐related factors. Finally, improving our knowledge will benefit expanding breadth cost‐distance modelling better infer observational data; an improved life‐history strategies rather relying independent traits; exploring individual‐level variation through detailed genetic studies; fine‐scale environmental daily hydrology) organismal spatiotemporal variability; synthesising comparative, experimental, theoretical work. Expanding these areas help push current state science largely pattern‐detection into new phase more mechanistically driven research.

Language: Английский

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Characteristics, Main Impacts, and Stewardship of Natural and Artificial Freshwater Environments: Consequences for Biodiversity Conservation

Water, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 12(1), P. 260 - 260

Published: Jan. 16, 2020

In this overview (introductory article to a special issue including 14 papers), we consider all main types of natural and artificial inland freshwater habitas (fwh). For each type, identify the biodiversity patterns ecological features, human impacts on system environmental issues, discuss ways use information improve stewardship. Examples selected key biodiversity/ecological features (habitat type): narrow endemics, sensitive (groundwater GDEs); crenobionts, LIHRes (springs); unidirectional flow, nutrient spiraling (streams); naturally turbid, floodplains, large-bodied species (large rivers); depth-variation in benthic communities (lakes); endemism diversity (ancient lakes); threatened, (oxbow lakes, SWE); diverse, reduced littoral (reservoirs); cold-adapted (Boreal Arctic fwh); endemism, depauperate (Antarctic flood pulse, intermittent wetlands, biggest river basins (tropical variable hydrologic regime—periods drying, flash floods (arid-climate fwh). Selected impacts: eutrophication other pollution, modifications, overexploitation, habitat destruction, invasive species, salinization. Climate change is threat multiplier, it important quantify resistance, resilience, recovery assess strategic role different ecosystems their value for conservation. Effective conservation solutions are dependent an understanding connectivity between (including related terrestrial, coastal marine systems).

Language: Английский

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Flow regime alteration degrades ecological networks in riparian ecosystems

Nature Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 2(1), P. 86 - 93

Published: Nov. 24, 2017

Language: Английский

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Environmental Predictability as a Cause and Consequence of Animal Movement

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 35(2), P. 163 - 174

Published: Nov. 5, 2019

Environmental predictability acts as a selective pressure on animal cognition and behaviour.Together, animals' cognition, movement abilities, environmental interactively determine the emergence of patterns.Conversely, can impact predictability. This could create ecoevolutionary feedback loops, which are still very little studied.Human activities therefore wildlife populations' viability.The study predictability–animal interface has recently benefited from improvement tracking remote sensing technologies but is lacking unification. Here we propose unified view this critical interface. The impacts ecology evolution have been subject vigorous speculation for several decades. Recently, swell new biologging further stimulated their investigation. advancing research frontier, however, lacks conceptual unification so far focused converse effects. Populations moving animals ubiquitous effects processes such nutrient cycling seed dispersal may shape patterns Here, synthesise main strands literature feedbacks between discuss how they react to anthropogenic disruption, leading unexpected threats environment. Deciphering cues rules that use relocation decisions one major goals [1Fagan W.F. et al.Spatial memory movement.Ecol. Lett. 2013; 16: 1316-1329Crossref PubMed Scopus (241) Google Scholar, 2Fagan al.Perceptual ranges, information gathering, foraging success in dynamic landscapes.Am. Nat. 2017; 189: 474-489Crossref (29) Scholar]. Some characteristics, seasonality, render environment predictable with appropriate cognitive skills or engrained behaviour (see Glossary). enables reduce uncertainty conditions experience. It thus favouring spatial (Box 1) [3Mery F. Natural variation learning memory.Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 23: 52-56Crossref (55) 4Morand-Ferron J. al.Studying evolutionary wild: review practical challenges.Biol. Rev. 2015; 91: 367-389Crossref (110) Awareness these important impacts, combined ongoing revolution technologies, inspired fast-growing emerge presumed adaptations (e.g., Scholar]). opening frontiers understandably inundated diverse definitions are, yet, only rarely quantified data [5Fluhr al.Assessing risk an obligate scavenger be dependent feeding sources.Biol. Conserv. 215: 92-98Crossref (12) 6Martin al.Coping heterogeneity temporal variability resources risks: adaptive by large grazing herbivore.PLoS One. 10: e0118461PubMed Scholar], see [7Mueller T. al.How landscape dynamics link individual- population-level patterns: multispecies comparison ungulate data.Glob. Ecol. Biogeogr. 2011; 20: 683-694Crossref (117) 8Bastille-Rousseau G. al.Animal absence predation: drivers strategies partial migration system.Oikos. 126: 1004-1019Crossref (17) 9Couriot O. al.Truly sedentary? multi-range tactic response resource unpredictability herbivore.Oecologia. 2018; 187: 47-60Crossref sparsity agreement methodological tools limited thorough investigation hypotheses proximate ultimate movement.Box 1Engrained Behaviour Cognition?The used thought explain behaviours abilities observed wild However, balance (i.e., genetically encoded fixed during early stages behavioural development) cognitively flexible responses depends predictability.Animals generally combine different types (engrained flexible), schematically expect develop environments features highly over generations top-right corner Figure 1 text; For example, timing direction is, many species, at least partly [42Kölzsch A. al.Forecasting spring afar? Timing phenology along routes avian herbivore.J. Anim. 84: 272-283Crossref (52) Other species predisposed follow gradient while migrating [34Merkle J.A. al.Large herbivores surf waves green-up spring.Proc. Biol. Sci. 2016; 283: 20160456Crossref (126) tendency individual stay its natal population not disperse philopatric) also expected positively correlated [82Bocedi al.Uncertainty role acquisition context-dependent emigration.Am. 2012; 179: 606-620Crossref (51) Scholar].Conversely, allow flexibility costly In relatively high level predictability, advantageous They widespread kingdom relate 3Mery 83Tello-Ramos M.C. trade-offs: flexible, question.Anim. Behav. 2019; 147: 129-136Crossref retention favoured more stable predictable) [83Tello-Ramos Even where advantageous, some characteristics preadapted individuals typically use. time captive-reared honeyeaters avoid rewarding places adapted replenishment rate flowers exploit [62Burke D. Fulham B.J. An evolved bias nectar-feeding bird?.Anim. 2003; 66: 695-701Crossref necessary understand specific aspects depending however complicated fact recursion times finely tuned renewal simple trial-and-error [55Riotte-Lambert L. memory-based leads nonterritorial segregation.Am. 185: E103-E116Crossref (30) Scholar].As decreases, increase social compared personal memory, improve access ephemeral [48Shaw A.K. Couzin I.D. Migration residency? behavior usage seasonal environments.Am. 181: 114-124Crossref (48) 84Deygout C. al.Impact food facilitation scavengers.Behav. 2010; 21: 1131-1139Crossref (49) Finally, unpredictable environments, because cost evolving information-gathering would too bottom-left Animals Conversely, As potential received attention despite postulated consequences ecological processes, biodiversity [10Jeltsch al.Integrating – exploring avenues address spatiotemporal dynamics.Mov. 1: 6Crossref (109) disease transmission [11Mazé-Guilmo E. al.Host driver parasite genetic structure: paradigm lost?.Ecol. 19: 336-347Crossref (58) ecosystem functioning [12Lundberg Moberg Mobile organisms functioning: implications resilience management.Ecosystems. 6: 87-98Crossref (344) 13Bauer S. Hoye Migratory couple worldwide.Science. 2014; 344: 1242552Crossref (354) 14Subalusky A.L. al.Annual mass drownings Serengeti wildebeest influence storage Mara River.Proc. Natl Acad. U. 114: 7647-7652Crossref (66) [15Riotte-Lambert shapes density dependence dynamics.Proc. 284: 20171411Crossref (10) Scholar] plant [16Corrêa Côrtes M. Uriarte Integrating frugivory movement: evidence scaling dispersal.Biol. 88: 255-272Crossref (111) dynamics. principle, two-way lead existence loops either amplify overall system (a mechanism niche construction, suggested seed-dispersing primates [17Di Fiore Suarez S.A. Route-based travel shared sympatric spider woolly monkeys: implications.Anim. Cogn. 2007; 317-329Crossref (100) Scholar]) dissipate it. Parallel considerations concerns about rapid little-understood disruptions rhythms patterns. supplementary feeding, artificially increases favour aggregation facilitate [18Cortés-Avizanda al.Supplementary endangered scavengers: benefits, caveats, controversies.Front. Environ. 14: 191-199Crossref (73) human cases disrupt spatially uneven climate change across globe rates warming breeding grounds wintering migrant birds, disrupting [19Jones Cresswell W. mismatch hypothesis: declines birds linked global change?.J. 79: 98-108Crossref (154) To advance our knowledge movement, anticipate viability need theory ecology. into general definition, typology, set methodologies quantifying taking account scale dependency 2). We then movement-related methods designed detect characterise them, outline recent ideas speculate might alter affecting 3).Box 2The Scale PredictabilityMost display multiscale organisation space [85Chave problem pattern ecology: what learned 20 years?.Ecol. 4-16Crossref (209) response, comprises scale-dependent shift [69Benhamou Of scales stationarity movements.Ecol. 17: 261-272Crossref (85) differ terms marine exploited seabirds, mesoscale habitat shelf edges) show levels whereas fine-scale fish swarms) comparatively less [26Weimerskirch H. Are seabirds resources?.Deep Sea Res. Part 2 Top. Stud. Oceanogr. 54: 211-223Crossref (398) 35Fauchald P. al.Scale-dependent predator-prey interactions: hierarchical distribution prey.Ecology. 2000; 81: 773-783Google adopt multimode strategies; using relocate patches thereby establish home range 55Riotte-Lambert ARS search prey items within Many [81Dupke al.Habitat selection herbivore multiple primarily governed resources.Ecography. 40: 1014-1027Crossref (34) 86Regular P.M. al.Must predators always laws? Memory guides pursuit-diving seabird.Anim. 86: 545-552Crossref (37) 87Adachi al.Searching three-dimensional environment: movements enhance northern elephant seals.Funct. 31: 361-369Crossref (22) 88van Beest F.M. al.Temporal site fidelity: forage abundance predation non-migratory 173: 409-420Crossref 89Bastille-Rousseau decisions: telemetry-based modelling.Ecography. 41: 437-443Crossref (13) Therefore, definition context ecology, must dependent: highlighted other subfields anticipatory parental [36Burgess S.C. Marshall D.J. Adaptive effects: importance estimating offspring fitness appropriately.Oikos. 123: 769-776Crossref (152) Scholar]).Box 3The Human Impacts Predictability Their Animal Movement ConsequencesThe heavy changes ecosystems currently undergoing [90Tucker M.A. al.Moving Anthropocene: reductions terrestrial mammalian movements.Science. 359: 466-469Crossref (349) Human-induced constitute trap if, attracted suboptimal habitats [91Robertson B.A. al.Ecological novelty traps.Trends Evol. 28: 552-560Abstract Full Text PDF (240) fishery discards [92Patrick al.Individual consistent fisheries discards.J. Avian 46: 431-440Crossref (42) landfills [93Corman A.-M. al.Varying competition? A multicolony approach generalist seabird.Ecol. 974-986Crossref year-round availability led loss migratory [94Gilbert N.I. al.Are white storks addicted junk food? landfill resident (Ciconia ciconia) partially population.Mov. 4: 7Crossref (78) human-derived foods cities modification animals, chacma baboons (Papio ursinus) [95Fehlmann al.Adaptive management interventions human-changed landscape.Anim. 101-109Crossref black bears (Ursus americanus) [96Lewis D.L. al.Foraging urban environments: guidance human-bear conflict mitigation.Ecosphere. 1-18Crossref Agriculture provides abundant resources, modifying human–wildlife conflicts [97Taylor R.A. al.Hunting, subsidies, mesopredator release: crop-raiding managed landscape.Ecology. 97: 951-960Crossref (15) studies revealed weekly periodic movements, suggesting [30Riotte-Lambert al.Periodicity analysis recursions.J. Theor. 317: 238-243Crossref 66Péron al.Periodic continuous-time models uncover behavioral canids anthropization gradients.Ecol. Monogr. 87: 442-456Crossref Scholar].Some alterations initially intended help wildlife. Supplementary common measure targeting food, humans percolate nontarget species; ungulates brown arctos) [98Selva N. affects bears.Basic Appl. 24: 68-76Crossref Beyond possible detrimental due activities, it inform measures. divert scavengers consumption poisoned carcasses traffic collisions them away roads [99Milner J.M. al.To feed feed? Evidence unintended ungulates.J. Wildl. Manage. 78: 1322-1334Crossref (69) Scholar].In cases, dynamic. Our remains limited. bird migrations if experience greater wa

Language: Английский

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Life History Adaptations to Seasonality

Integrative and Comparative Biology, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 57(5), P. 943 - 960

Published: Oct. 5, 2017

Seasonality creates a template for many natural processes and evolutionary adaptations. Organisms are often faced with an annual cycle consisting of productive (favorable) unproductive period. This yearly along other seasonal variations in abiotic factors associated biotic interactions form strong selection pressures shaping the scheduling activities developmental stages modes life through year. Annual decisions impact trade-offs that involve both current future reproductive value (RV), history theory provides foundation to understand these linkages between phenology organism's full life. routine models further allow multiple be optimized predicted respect lifetime consequences. Studies adaptations seasonality concerned questions such as: within season, should growth come first, followed by reproduction, or way around? What is best time diapause migrate, how will this timing traits? Should energy reserves built, transfer resources from 1 year next, spatial temporal freedom capital breeding? If offspring low during parts what then alternative reproduction: accumulate stores, grow, wait safety? To help answer questions, I provide overview key theoretical concepts some main schedules, routines, involved. Adaptations period include (dormancy), embryonic resting (eggs, seeds), reserves, migrations. window rapid growth, high effort, breeding, reproduction entrained precise timing. Distinct large body size, storage capacities, parental care also seasonality. Phenotypic plasticity state-dependence important traits their own. give particular attention breeding birth-time dependent contributions fitness. impacts storage, may create parent-offspring conflicts over A combined parent perspective adopted more broadly, because management implications. argue strategic but careful use latitudinal (and altitudinal) gradients, role seasonally varying predation risk as selective force.

Language: Английский

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Effects of human-driven water stress on river ecosystems: a meta-analysis

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 8(1)

Published: July 24, 2018

Abstract Human appropriation of water resources may induce stress in freshwater ecosystems when ecosystem needs are not met. Intensive abstraction and regulation cause river to shift towards non-natural flow regimes, which might have implications for their quality, biological structure functioning. We performed a meta-analysis published studies assess the potential effects on nutrients, microcontaminants, communities (bacteria, algae, invertebrates fish), functions (organic matter breakdown, gross primary production respiration). Despite different nature regime changes, our showed significant human-driven stress, such as increases algal biomass metabolism reduced invertebrate richness, abundance density organic decomposition. Water also significantly decreased phosphate concentration increased pharmaceutical compounds. The magnitude was dependent climate, rainfall regime, period year, size type stress. Among causes by dams produced strongest effects, followed channelization.

Language: Английский

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Freshwater eutrophication drives sharp reductions in temporal beta diversity

Ecology, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 99(1), P. 47 - 56

Published: Nov. 6, 2017

Eutrophication has become one of the most widespread anthropogenic forces impacting freshwater biological diversity. One potentially important mechanism driving biodiversity changes in response to eutrophication is alteration seasonal patterns succession, particularly among species with short, synchronous, life cycles. We tested hypothesis that reduces seasonally driven variation assemblages by focusing on an understudied aspect biodiversity: temporal beta diversity (βt ). estimated effect βt sampling benthic macroinvertebrate bimonthly for two years across 35 streams spanning a steep gradient total phosphorus (P) and algal biomass (as chlorophyll [chl a]). Two widely used metrics β both declined sharply increasing P chl a, regardless covariates. The parsimonious explanatory model included interaction between biomass, which revealed was lower when relatively high. Macroinvertebrate explained greater amount deviance at moderate concentrations P, providing additional power where concentration alone unable fully explain declines . Chl similar amounts comparison best model, but only temperature variability, positively related , also model. Declines suggest nutrient enrichment decreases competitive advantage specialists gain occupying particular niches, leads dominated generalists exhibit little turnover. collapse assemblage composition we observed our study suggests treating dynamic communities as static simplification may fail detect full impact stressors. Our results show more temporally homogenous therefore degrades fundamental facet biodiversity.

Language: Английский

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Effects of changing climate on European stream invertebrate communities: A long-term data analysis

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 621, P. 588 - 599

Published: Nov. 29, 2017

Language: Английский

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Rhythmicity of coastal marine picoeukaryotes, bacteria and archaea despite irregular environmental perturbations

The ISME Journal, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 388 - 401

Published: Sept. 25, 2018

Language: Английский

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