Characteristics, Main Impacts, and Stewardship of Natural and Artificial Freshwater Environments: Consequences for Biodiversity Conservation

Water, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 12(1), P. 260 - 260

Published: Jan. 16, 2020

In this overview (introductory article to a special issue including 14 papers), we consider all main types of natural and artificial inland freshwater habitas (fwh). For each type, identify the biodiversity patterns ecological features, human impacts on system environmental issues, discuss ways use information improve stewardship. Examples selected key biodiversity/ecological features (habitat type): narrow endemics, sensitive (groundwater GDEs); crenobionts, LIHRes (springs); unidirectional flow, nutrient spiraling (streams); naturally turbid, floodplains, large-bodied species (large rivers); depth-variation in benthic communities (lakes); endemism diversity (ancient lakes); threatened, (oxbow lakes, SWE); diverse, reduced littoral (reservoirs); cold-adapted (Boreal Arctic fwh); endemism, depauperate (Antarctic flood pulse, intermittent wetlands, biggest river basins (tropical variable hydrologic regime—periods drying, flash floods (arid-climate fwh). Selected impacts: eutrophication other pollution, modifications, overexploitation, habitat destruction, invasive species, salinization. Climate change is threat multiplier, it important quantify resistance, resilience, recovery assess strategic role different ecosystems their value for conservation. Effective conservation solutions are dependent an understanding connectivity between (including related terrestrial, coastal marine systems).

Language: Английский

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Embracing mountain microbiome and ecosystem functions under global change

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 234(6), P. 1987 - 2002

Published: Feb. 25, 2022

Mountains are pivotal to maintaining habitat heterogeneity, global biodiversity, ecosystem functions and services humans. They have provided classic model natural systems for plant animal diversity gradient studies over 250 years. In the recent decade, exploration of microorganisms on mountainsides has also achieved substantial progress. Here, we review literature microbial across taxonomic groups types mountains. Microbial community shows climatic zonation with orderly successions along elevational gradients, which largely consistent traditional hypotheses. However, patterns complicated species richness without general rules in terrestrial aquatic environments driven mainly by deterministic processes caused abiotic biotic factors. We see a major shift from documenting biodiversity towards identifying mechanisms that shape biogeographical how these vary under change inclusion novel ecological theories, frameworks approaches. thus propose key questions cutting-edge perspectives advance future research mountain biogeography focusing hypotheses, incorporating meta-ecosystem framework drivers, adapting recently developed approaches trait-based ecology manipulative field experiments, disentangling biodiversity-ecosystem functioning relationships finally modelling predicting their responses.

Language: Английский

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Past and recent anthropogenic pressures drive rapid changes in riverine fish communities

Nature Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 8(3), P. 442 - 453

Published: Jan. 30, 2024

Abstract Understanding how and why local communities change is a pressing task for conservation, especially in freshwater systems. It remains challenging because of the complexity biodiversity changes, driven by spatio-temporal heterogeneity human pressures. Using compilation riverine fish community time series (93% between 1993 2019) across Palaearctic, Nearctic Australasia realms, we assessed past recent anthropogenic pressures drive changes both space time. We found evidence rapid composition 30% per decade characterized important dominant species, together with 13% increase total abundance 7% species richness decade. The spatial these trends could be traced back to strength timing was mainly mediated non-native introductions. Specifically, demonstrate that negative effects on were compensated over establishment pattern consistent previously reported biotic homogenization at global scale. Overall, our study suggests accounting its drivers crucial step reach conservation goals.

Language: Английский

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The River Continuum Concept: lessons from the past and perspectives for the future

Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 77(11), P. 1853 - 1864

Published: July 31, 2020

The River Continuum Concept (RCC) is a milestone in stream ecology because of its comprehensive evaluation the structure and function lotic ecosystems. Linking physical geomorphological attributes with patterns biodiversity, functional traits, metabolism dynamics, this theory describes downstream gradients community composition ecosystem processes. aim review to evaluate how RCC, 40 years from publication Canadian Journal Fisheries Aquatic Sciences, has influenced basic applied research ecology, focusing on most important contributions recent developments. This work puts into perspective historical importance RCC scientific process integrates past theories, including metacommunity metaecosystem theories river network perspective, predict taxonomic diversity benthic communities. Thus, provides unifying overview context field for exploring ecological questions next generation ecologists.

Language: Английский

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The three Rs of river ecosystem resilience: Resources, recruitment, and refugia

River Research and Applications, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 35(2), P. 107 - 120

Published: Jan. 20, 2019

Abstract Resilience in river ecosystems requires that organisms must persist the face of highly dynamic hydrological and geomorphological variations. Disturbance events such as floods droughts are postulated to shape life history traits support resilience, but management conservation would benefit from greater understanding emergent effects communities organisms. We unify current knowledge taxonomic‐, phylogenetic‐, trait‐based aspects might aid identification quantification resilience mechanisms. Temporal variations productivity, physical connectivity, environmental heterogeneity resulting highlighted key characteristics promote these ecosystems. Three community‐wide mechanisms underlie (a) partitioning (competition/facilitation) dynamically varying resources, (b) dispersal, recolonization, recruitment promoted by (c) functional redundancy resource refugia. Along with taxonomic phylogenetic identity, biological related feeding specialization, dispersal ability, habitat specialization mediate organism responses disturbance. Measures factors also enable assessment relative contributions different community resilience. Interactions between abiotic drivers biotic use, persistence have clear implications for management. To needs, we propose a set taxonomic, phylogenetic, life‐history trait metrics be used measure By identifying indicators, our proposed framework can targeted strategies adapt global change.

Language: Английский

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Metacommunities in river networks: The importance of network structure and connectivity on patterns and processes

Freshwater Biology, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 63(1), P. 1 - 5

Published: Dec. 18, 2017

Abstract Rivers are spatially organised into hierarchic dendritic networks. This unique physical structure and the associated directionality of flows set them apart from most other environments by regulating dispersal resident biota therefore distribution biodiversity. The aim this special issue is to highlight importance river network on structuring biodiversity, particularly through metacommunity dynamics processes. covers a wide range topics, including disease spread, nutrient uptake, trophic dynamics, effects anthropogenic stressors joint roles environmental filtering. Contributions employ broad approaches, field laboratory experiments, modelling, population genetics conceptual synthesis. Although these studies represent just sample research that being performed biodiversity in networks, several important findings have emerged; common theme spatial clearly influence populations communities, their functions. By taking taxonomic focus (from diatoms protists fish), spanning large geographic gradient tropics subarctic), provides look at occur networks relating makeup. We hope selection spurs additional interesting, globally important, yet severely threatened ecological systems.

Language: Английский

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DISPERSE, a trait database to assess the dispersal potential of European aquatic macroinvertebrates

Scientific Data, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 7(1)

Published: Nov. 11, 2020

Dispersal is an essential process in population and community dynamics, but difficult to measure the field. In freshwater ecosystems, information on biological traits related organisms' morphology, life history behaviour provides useful dispersal proxies, remains scattered or unpublished for many taxa. We compiled multiple dispersal-related of European aquatic macroinvertebrates a unique resource, DISPERSE database. includes nine subdivided into 39 trait categories 480 taxa, including Annelida, Mollusca, Platyhelminthes, Arthropoda such as Crustacea Insecta, generally at genus level. Information within can be used address fundamental research questions metapopulation ecology, metacommunity macroecology evolutionary ecology. proxies applied improve predictions ecological responses global change, inform improvements biomonitoring, conservation management strategies. The diverse sources complement existing databases by providing new traits, most which would not otherwise accessible scientific community.

Language: Английский

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Local environmental factors influence beta‐diversity patterns of tropical fish assemblages more than spatial factors

Ecology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 101(2)

Published: Nov. 21, 2019

A major goal in ecology is to understand mechanisms that influence patterns of biodiversity and community assembly at various spatial temporal scales. Understanding how composition created maintained also critical for natural resource management biological conservation. In this study, we investigated environmental factors influencing beta diversity local fish assemblages along the longitudinal gradient a nearly pristine Neotropical river Colombian Llanos. Standardized surveys were conducted during low-water season 34 sites within Bita River Basin. Physical, chemical, landscape parameters recorded each site, asymmetric eigenvector maps used as variables. To examine relative dispersal variables on its components, distance-based redundancy analysis (db-RDA) variation partitioning conducted. We proposed scale position network would constrain different ways. However, results indicated system, high was consistent among species no matter or network. Species replacement (turnover) dominated diversity, an indication importance sorting. These findings suggested conservation tropical rivers requires maintenance both habitat heterogeneity (spatial conditions) connectivity entire basins.

Language: Английский

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Human activities' fingerprint on multitrophic biodiversity and ecosystem functions across a major river catchment in China

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 26(12), P. 6867 - 6879

Published: Sept. 16, 2020

Abstract Human‐induced global change dramatically alters individual aspects of river biodiversity, such as taxonomic, phylogenetic or functional diversity, and is predicted to lead losses associated ecosystem functions. Understanding these dependencies are critical human well‐being. Until now, however, most studies have only looked either at organismal groups single functions, little known on the effect activities multitrophic biodiversity multifunctionality in riverine ecosystem. Here we profiled from bacteria invertebrates based environmental DNA (hereafter, ‘eDNA’) samples across a major catchment China, analysed their with multiple especially linked C/N/P‐cycling. Firstly, found spatial cross‐taxon congruence pattern communities' structure network Shaying river, which was related strong filtering due land use. Secondly, use explained decline multifaceted but increased redundancy Thirdly, function relationships an integrative level showed concave‐up (non‐saturating) shape. Finally, structural equation modeling suggested that affects functions through biodiversity‐mediated pathways, including loss altered community interdependence groups. Our study highlights value complete inclusive assessment for integrated land‐use management ecosystems.

Language: Английский

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Different responses of taxonomic and functional structures of stream macroinvertebrate communities to local stressors and regional factors in a subtropical biodiversity hotspot

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 655, P. 1288 - 1300

Published: Nov. 20, 2018

Language: Английский

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