COVID-19 and our understanding of vitamin D and immune function

The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 249, P. 106710 - 106710

Published: Feb. 20, 2025

The interaction between vitamin D and the immune system is perhaps most well recognised extraskeletal facet of D, encompassing early studies therapy for TB leprosy through to more recent links with autoimmune disease. However, spotlight on function has been particularly intense in last five years following COVID-19 pandemic. This was due, part, many association status infection disease prognosis, as smaller number clinical trials supplementation. a potential role also stemmed from basic biology that provides plausible mechanistic rationale beneficial effects improved health setting respiratory infection. aim this review summarise different strands evidence supporting effect COVID-19, how modified during pandemic itself, new aspects are likely arise near future. Key topics feature are: antibacterial versus antiviral innate responses 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin (1,25(OH)2D); 1α-hydroxylase (CYP27B1) activity metabolism 25-hydroxyvitamin (25(OH)D) beyond antigen-presenting cells; advances cell target gene (notably changes metabolic profile). Whilst much interest era focused public health, continued evolution our understanding interacts components continues support health.

Language: Английский

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Mesomycoplasma hyopneumoniae lipoprotein Mhp390 serves as a plasminogen receptor mediating extracellular matrix degradation and respiratory epithelial cells injury

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 22, 2025

The destruction of the respiratory barrier caused by Mesomycoplasma hyopneumoniae plays a pivotal role in facilitating secondary infections other pathogens. However, pathogenesis M. breaching to establish infection remains largely elusive. In this study, Mhp390 encoded invasion tract barrier, including extracellular matrix and tracheal epithelial cells, were investigated through Transwell assay. Our finding indicated that may exploit host fibrinolytic system via accumulate activated plasmin outside its membrane, thereby progression infection. Furthermore, key functional domains within involved interaction with plasminogen determined using truncated mutation techniques. Collectively, these findings will enhance our understanding mechanism underlying providing new theoretical basis for development novel vaccines effective control strategies against

Language: Английский

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Impact of complement C3 levels on the development of healthcare-associated infections in intensive care patients: a retrospective case-control study

Annals of Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 57(1)

Published: April 7, 2025

The immune system serves as a critical line of defence against pathogenic microorganisms. To investigate the impact markers, measured within first 48 h intensive care unit (ICU) admission, on incidence healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) in ICU patients. This case-control study included 364 patients admitted from 1 January 2020 to 30 November 2023, receiving marker testing admission. Cox proportional hazard models and propensity score matching evaluated markers' association with HAIs risk. Log-rank tests compared time-to-event by C3 levels. All data processing analysis were performed using R version 4.2.0 (R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria) Python 3.11 (Python Software Foundation, Wilmington, DE). In total, 258 without (mean [SD] age, 67.24 [17.79] years) 106 73.80 [14.93] final analysis. group had older longer hospital stay, lower Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) scores, higher rate comorbid than non-HAIs group. Also, proportion basophils, lymphocytes, monocytes T suppressor cells (CD3 + CD8+), while neutrophils B (CD19+) was lower. After regression adjustment, we found that complement levels (HR: 0.40; 95%CI, 0.16-0.98; p = .044) influenced HAIs. Patients then divided into high low groups based cut-off value 0.455 C3. A plot showed median time occurrence nine days six (p .048). Elevated may associat reduced

Language: Английский

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Decoding complement: Novel disease insights and therapeutic horizons

European Journal of Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 25, 2024

Language: Английский

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