Corridors or risk? Movement along, and use of, linear features varies predictably among large mammal predator and prey species

Journal of Animal Ecology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 89(2), P. 623 - 634

Published: Oct. 24, 2019

Abstract Space‐use behaviour reflects trade‐offs in meeting ecological needs and can have consequences for individual survival population demographics. The mechanisms underlying space use be understood by simultaneously evaluating habitat selection movement patterns, fine‐resolution locational data are increasing our ability to do so. We high‐resolution location an integrated step‐selection analysis evaluate caribou, moose, bear, wolf response anthropogenic modification, though caribou were limited. linear features (LFs) predators prey is hypothesized increase predator hunting efficiency thus believed a leading factor woodland declines western Canada. found that all species moved faster while on LFs. Wolves bears also attracted towards LFs, whereas avoided them. Predators responded less strongly consistently natural such as streams, rivers lakeshores. These findings consistent with the hypothesis LFs facilitate efficiency, perceive risky. Understanding behavioural space‐use patterns important understanding how future land‐use may impact predator–prey interactions. Explicitly linking fitness demography will fully understand implications of management strategies.

Language: Английский

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Global correlates of range contractions and expansions in terrestrial mammals

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: June 5, 2020

Understanding changes in species distributions is essential to disentangle the mechanisms that drive their responses anthropogenic habitat modification. Here we analyse past (1970s) and current (2017) distribution of 204 terrestrial non-volant mammals identify drivers recent contraction expansion range. We find 106 lost part range, 40 them declined by >50%. The key correlates this are large body mass, increase air temperature, loss natural land, high human population density. At same time, 44 have some which with small size, generalist diet, reproductive rates. Our findings clearly show activity life history interact influence range mammals. While former plays a major role determining species' distribution, latter important for both expansion.

Language: Английский

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Move to nocturnality not a universal trend in carnivore species on disturbed landscapes

Oikos, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 129(8), P. 1128 - 1140

Published: June 2, 2020

Anthropogenic landscape change is a leading driver of biodiversity loss. Preceding dramatic changes such as wildlife population declines and range shifts, more subtle responses may signal impending larger‐scale change. For example, disturbance‐induced shifts to species’ activity patterns disrupt temporal niche partitioning along the 24‐h time axis, compromising community structure via altered competitive interactions. We investigated impacts human disturbance on in Canadian Rocky Mountain carnivore guild using camera trap images collected across two regions encompassing wide gradient footprint. Applying kernel density estimation techniques, we tested for 1) between low versus high landscape, 2) relation site‐scale disturbance. To test our hypothesis that partitioning, modelled overlap co‐occurring species natural anthropogenic features, well composition. Multiple landscapes sites, but these varied considerably among species. While wolves appeared increase nocturnal disturbance, coyote consistently trended towards cathemerality marten increased diurnal activity. Detecting effects was highly sensitive site‐level detection sample sizes, results suggest wolverine forest cover. This study indicates mesocarnivores respond differently perhaps indirectly compared apex predators. Apex predator nocturnality facilitate ‘behavioural release’ mesocarnivores. be likely component mesocarnivore release, with important management implications ecological communities disturbed landscapes.

Language: Английский

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Relative effects of recreational activities on a temperate terrestrial wildlife assemblage

Conservation Science and Practice, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 2(10)

Published: Sept. 5, 2020

Abstract Outdoor recreation is one of the fastest growing economic sectors in world and provides many benefits to people. Assessing possible negative impacts nevertheless important for sustainable management. Here, we used camera traps assess relative effects various recreational activities—as compared each other environmental conditions—on a terrestrial wildlife assemblage British Columbia, Canada. Across 13 species, only two associations between activities detections were observed at weekly scales: mountain biking on moose grizzly bears. However, finer‐scale analysis showed that all species avoided humans trails, with avoidance strongest motorized vehicles. Our results imply factors generally shaped broad‐scale patterns use, but highlight also have detectable impacts. These can be monitored using same camera‐trapping techniques are commonly monitor assemblages.

Language: Английский

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Indigenous‐led research on traditional territories highlights the impacts of forestry harvest practices on culturally important plants

Earth stewardship., Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 2(1)

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Abstract Indigenous knowledge and governance are critical to successful conservation Peoples' ability live sustainably on their lands. However, various industrial land use practices impact the value traditional resources these lands provide. Here, we evaluated effects of harvest, glyphosate application, fire 51 edible medicinal plant species identified by Peoples in western boreal forest Canada, a landscape rapid industrialized change. We collected vegetation data between 2007 2020 used linear models machine learning model richness abundance species. Glyphosate application harvest best explained Despite our models' indication that were higher harvested treated study sites, detailed qualitative based local suggest forestry negatively impacted plants. Importantly, plants areas with unsuitable for human consumption exhibited abnormal color flavor presentations. Concerns over access increasingly important as impacts continue expand globally. Thus, hope this Indigenous‐led design leveraging both quantitative can result partnerships better reflect environmental concerns Peoples.

Language: Английский

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Design patterns for wildlife‐related camera trap image analysis

Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 9(24), P. 13706 - 13730

Published: Dec. 1, 2019

Abstract This paper describes and explains design patterns for software that supports how analysts can efficiently inspect classify camera trap images wildlife‐related ecological attributes. Broadly speaking, a pattern identifies commonly occurring problem general reusable approach to solve problem. A developer then use create specific solution appropriate the particular situation under consideration. In particular, image analysis by wildlife biologists address solutions problems they face while inspecting large number of entering data describing We developed classification based on our understanding biologists' needs we acquired over 8 years during development application freely available Timelapse system. For each presented, describe problem, solves concrete example addresses pattern. Our offer both related to: maintaining consistency, efficiencies in inspection, methods navigating between images, entry including highly repetitious entry, sorting filtering into sequences, episodes, subsets. These inform other systems help assess competing products their project‐specific along with determining an efficient workflow.

Language: Английский

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Climate change increases predation risk for a keystone species of the boreal forest

Nature Climate Change, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 10(12), P. 1149 - 1153

Published: Sept. 14, 2020

Language: Английский

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Cumulative effects of human footprint, natural features and predation risk best predict seasonal resource selection by white-tailed deer

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: Jan. 20, 2022

Abstract Land modified for human use alters matrix shape and composition is a leading contributor to global biodiversity loss. It can also play key role in facilitating range expansion ecosystem invasion by anthrophilic species, as it alter food abundance distribution while influencing predation risk; the relative roles of these processes are habitat selection theory. We researched influences examining footprint, natural habitat, predator occurrence on seasonal range-expanding boreal white-tailed deer ( Odocoileus virginianus ) oil sands western Canada. hypothesized that polygonal industrial features (e.g. cutblocks, well sites) drive distributions sources early seral forage, linear e.g. roads, trails, seismic lines) associated with predators avoided deer. developed 2nd -order resource models from three years GPS-telemetry data, camera-trap-based model occurrence, landscape spatial data weigh evidence six competing hypotheses. Deer was best explained combination features, intact deciduous forest, wolf Canis lupus occurrence. strongly selected such roads despite potential increased risk encounters. Linear may attract providing high density forage opportunity heavily exploited landscapes, into north.

Language: Английский

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Mammal seismic line use varies with restoration: Applying habitat restoration to species at risk conservation in a working landscape

Biological Conservation, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 241, P. 108295 - 108295

Published: Nov. 20, 2019

Language: Английский

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Oil Sands Extraction in Alberta, Canada: a Review of Impacts and Processes Concerning Indigenous Peoples

Human Ecology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 47(2), P. 233 - 243

Published: Feb. 23, 2019

Language: Английский

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