Plant diversity and community age stabilize ecosystem multifunctionality

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 30(3)

Published: March 1, 2024

Abstract It is well known that biodiversity positively affects ecosystem functioning, leading to enhanced stability. However, this knowledge mainly based on analyses using single functions, while studies focusing the stability of multifunctionality (EMF) are rare. Taking advantage a long‐term grassland experiment, we studied effect plant diversity (1–60 species) EMF over 5 years, its temporal stability, as multifunctional resistance and resilience 2‐year drought event. Using split‐plot treatments, further tested whether shared history plants soil influences relationships. We calculated functions related higher‐trophic levels. Plant in all strengthened study period. Moreover, increased fostered reoccurring events. Old communities with showed stronger diversity–multifunctionality relationship higher than younger without histories. Our results highlight importance old biodiverse for extreme climate events world increasingly threatened by global change.

Language: Английский

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Using stable isotopes to inform water resource management in forested and agricultural ecosystems

Journal of Environmental Management, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 365, P. 121381 - 121381

Published: June 24, 2024

Present and future climatic trends are expected to markedly alter water fluxes stores in the hydrologic cycle.In addition, demand continues grow due increased human use a growing population.Sustainably managing resources requires thorough understanding of storage flow natural, agricultural, urban ecosystems.Measurements stable isotopes (hydrogen oxygen) cycle (atmosphere, soils, plants, surface water, groundwater) can provide information on transport pathways, sourcing, dynamics, ages, pools that is difficult obtain with other techniques.However, potential these techniques for practical questions has not been fully exploited yet.Here, we outline benefits limitations applications isotope methods useful managers, farmers, stakeholders.We also describe several case studies demonstrating how support management decision-making.Finally, propose workflow guides users through sequence decisions required apply examples issues.We call ongoing dialogue stronger connection between stakeholders practitioners identify most pressing issues develop best-practice guidelines techniques.

Language: Английский

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Seasonal and Inter‐Annual Dynamics in Water Quality and Stream Metabolism in a Beaver‐Impacted Drought‐Sensitive Lowland Catchment

Hydrological Processes, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 39(2)

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Increasing drought frequency and severity from climate change are causing streamflow to become increasingly intermittent in many areas. This has implications for the spatio‐temporal characteristics of water quality regimes which need be understood terms risks provision clean public supplies instream habitats. Recent advances sensor technology allow reliable accurate high‐resolution monitoring a growing number parameters. Here, we continuously monitored suite parameters over 3 years an stream network eutrophic, lowland Demnitzer Millcreek catchment, Germany. We focused on effects wetland systems impacted by beaver dams diurnal, seasonal inter‐annual variation dynamics at two sites, upstream downstream these wetlands. then used data model metabolism. Dissolved oxygen pH were higher wetlands, while conductivity, turbidity, chlorophyll phosphorous concentrations downstream. found clear diurnal cycling dissolved both sites. These correlated with hydroclimatic changes metabolism, becoming pronounced as temperatures increased flows decreased spring summer. Upstream wetlands this corresponded rapidly heterotrophic modelled Gross Primary Production (GPP) was exceeded Ecosystem Respiration (ER). Downstream, where GPP lower, usually strongly prone hypoxic conditions (i.e., insufficient oxygen) before ceased coincided lower velocities deeper channels Seasonal variations mainly correlate factors (particularly temperature) their influence streamflow. study highlights that heterotrophy hypoxia rivers central Europe is important feature streams agricultural landscapes continue leaching nutrients. insights contribute evidence base understanding how will affect quantity rural resources presence beavers requires management responses.

Language: Английский

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Assessing impacts of alternative land use strategies on water partitioning, storage and ages in drought‐sensitive lowland catchments using tracer‐aided ecohydrological modelling

Hydrological Processes, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 38(4)

Published: April 1, 2024

Abstract Continuing negative rainfall anomalies, coupled with climate change projections of increased drought severity and frequency, drive an urgent need to increase resilience integration in land water management strategies many regions the world. However, complex interactions between cover change, ecohydrological partitioning availability are difficult quantify, especially at different temporal spatial scales. In conjunction local stakeholders, we developed plausible, alternative use scenarios (including forest diversification agroforestry schemes) based on existing four primary types (i.e., conifer broadleaved forests, arable agriculture, pasture) a 66 km 2 drought‐sensitive catchment northern Germany. We used modelling evaluate changes flux partitioning, storage ages. The spatially‐distributed, tracer‐aided model, EcH O‐iso, calibrated using hydrometric, isotopic data daily time steps from 2007 2019 was this assessment. results showed that replacing forests uneven‐aged mixed younger broad‐leaved trees had greatest potential for reducing total evapotranspiration increasing groundwater recharge. For coniferous 50% proportion projected result 11% recharge across catchment. mixed‐forest alternatives also reduced turnover times, which would support more rapid recovery soil moisture stores following droughts. This study demonstrates such approach has contribute useful science‐based evidence policy makers allowing quantitative assessment effects effective communication stakeholders.

Language: Английский

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Seasonal variations in soil–plant interactions in contrasting urban green spaces: Insights from water stable isotopes

Journal of Hydrology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 612, P. 127998 - 127998

Published: May 31, 2022

Language: Английский

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Modelling temporal variability of in situ soil water and vegetation isotopes reveals ecohydrological couplings in a riparian willow plot

Biogeosciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 19(9), P. 2465 - 2485

Published: May 12, 2022

Abstract. The partitioning of water fluxes in the critical zone is great interest due to implications for understanding cycling and quantifying availability various ecosystem services. We used tracer-aided ecohydrological model EcH2O-iso use stable isotopes help evaluate water, energy, biomass dynamics at an intensively monitored study plot under two willow trees, a riparian species, Berlin, Germany. Importantly, we assessed value situ soil plant isotope data helping quantify xylem sources transit times, with coupled estimates temporal ages root uptake water. willows showed high through evapotranspiration, limited percolation summer precipitation deeper layers dominance shallow (>80 % upper 10 cm, 70 %–78 transpiration/evapotranspiration). Lower evapotranspiration grass (52 %–55 transpiration/evapotranspiration) resulted higher moisture storage, greater evaporation, more Biomass allocation was predominantly foliage growth (57 78 willow). Shallow age estimated be similar (15–17 d). Considering potential times substantial improvement model's capability simulate isotopic composition demonstrates using aid modelling. Root predominately derived from events (56 %) had average 35 d, transport taking least 6.2–8.1 d. By evaluating mass balances along partitioning, energy budgets, allocation, proved useful tool assessing within resolution, particularly transport, which are all necessary short- long-term assessment growth.

Language: Английский

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Effects of dry spells on soil moisture and yield anomalies at a montane managed grassland site: A lysimeter climate experiment

Ecohydrology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 16(3)

Published: Dec. 16, 2022

Abstract The frequency and severity of droughts in the Alps are expected to increase due rising air temperatures changes precipitation regimes. Although biomass production humid mountain areas tends be energy limited rather than water limited, an may have negative impacts on availability thus agricultural yields. This study aimed analyse dry spells soil moisture yield anomalies at a montane permanent grassland site Austria. Dry time period from 2018 2020 were identified using Standardized Precipitation Index, Palmer Drought Severity Index Soil Moisture Anomaly Index. Data lysimeter climate experiment used evaluate drought storage under ambient manipulated conditions. results indicated occurrence three extreme between 2020. studied is generally considered nonwater‐limited ecosystem, most summer 2019 caused severe heated Only mild observed plots with elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration. drought‐mitigating effect was attributed savings enabled by partial stomatal closure CO 2 . shorter spring late led more diverse effects; mildly moderately found plots, whereas tended less or even positive temperature. In contrast, some periods without stress showed effects heating yield. These findings suggest that depend both Higher temperature can if ecosystem limited. However, global warming suggests tendency limitation, which increased evaporative demand atmosphere aggravates has potentially

Language: Английский

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Developing a conceptual model of groundwater – Surface water interactions in a drought sensitive lowland catchment using multi-proxy data

Journal of Hydrology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 628, P. 130550 - 130550

Published: Dec. 7, 2023

Language: Английский

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Integrated monitoring and modeling to disentangle the complex spatio-temporal dynamics of urbanized streams under drought stress

Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 196(6)

Published: May 20, 2024

We have a poor understanding of how urban drainage and other engineered components interact with more natural hydrological processes in green blue spaces to generate stream flow. This limits the scientific evidence base for predicting mitigating effects future development built environment climate change on water resources their ecosystem services. Here, we synthesize > 20 years environmental monitoring data better understand function 109-km

Language: Английский

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Drought risk assessment on arid region under different socioeconomic scenarios: A case of Loess Plateau, China

Ecological Indicators, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 167, P. 112728 - 112728

Published: Oct. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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