Food Frontiers,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Dec. 11, 2024
ABSTRACT
Type
2
diabetes
mellitus
(T2DM)
is
a
chronic
metabolic
disease
characterized
by
hyperglycemia.
Probiotic
supplementation
improves
glucolipid
metabolism
modulating
the
gut
microbiota.
However,
current
research
lacks
systematic
understanding
of
overall
hypoglycemic
ability
human
microbes.
First,
high‐throughput
screening
platform
based
on
HepG2
cells
was
developed
to
screen
candidate
strains
with
potential.
Subsequently,
we
utilized
T2DM
mouse
model
investigate
antidiabetic
effects
and
mechanisms
three
selected
Lactobacillus
through
biochemical
analyses,
histopathological
RNA‐seq
metagenomics
analyses.
We
categorized
ranked
4811
belonging
8
phyla,
17
orders,
68
genera,
241
species.
The
all
tested
showed
significant
normal
distribution,
several
species
efficacy
were
screened,
primarily
from
Bifidobacterium
.
found
that
significantly
improve
glycolipid
disorders
in
mice,
include
inhibiting
hepatic
gluconeogenesis
via
AKT–FOXO1–PEPCK/G6pase
pathway
activating
GPR41
GPR43
bind
short‐chain
fatty
acids,
promoting
glucagon‐like
peptide‐1
(GLP‐1)
secretion.
These
also
regulate
microbiota
structure
composition,
contributing
their
effects.
This
study
comprehensively
examined
for
first
time,
resulting
functional
map
hypoglycemia.
Additionally,
investigated
strains.
provides
rich
bacterial
pool
targeted
development
probiotics
as
potential
treatments
related
diseases.
iMeta,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Feb. 23, 2025
Inflammatory
bowel
disease
(IBD)
represents
a
significant
challenge
to
global
health,
characterized
by
intestinal
inflammation,
impaired
barrier
function,
and
dysbiosis,
with
limited
therapeutic
options.
In
this
study,
we
isolated
novel
strain
of
Bacillus
subtilis
(B.
subtilis)
observed
promising
effects
in
protecting
against
disruption
the
gut
barrier.
Our
findings
indicate
that
enhancement
function
is
primarily
attributed
its
metabolites.
We
identified
metabolite,
2-hydroxy-4-methylpentanoic
acid
(HMP),
derived
from
B.
subtilis,
significantly
improved
function.
also
show
growth
arrest
DNA
damage
45A
(GADD45A)
key
regulator
mucosal
integrity,
which
activated
HMP
subsequently
activates
downstream
Wnt/β-catenin
pathway.
potentially
contribute
development
probiotics-derived
metabolites
or
targeted
"postbiotics"
as
therapeutics
for
treatment
prevention
IBD
other
diseases
associated
dysfunction.
Advanced Science,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Jan. 21, 2025
Abstract
Current
treatments
for
ulcerative
colitis
(UC)
remain
limited,
highlighting
the
need
novel
therapeutic
strategies.
Trilobatin
(TLB),
a
naturally
derived
food
additive,
exhibits
potential
anti‐inflammatory
properties.
In
this
study,
dextran
sulfate
sodium
(DSS)‐induced
animal
model
is
used
to
investigate
effects
of
TLB
on
UC.
It
found
significantly
alleviates
DSS‐induced
UC
in
mice,
as
evidenced
by
reduction
disease
activity
index,
an
increase
colon
length,
improvement
histopathological
lesions.
Furthermore,
treatment
results
decrease
proinflammatory
cytokines
and
cytokines.
mitigates
modulating
intestinal
microbiota,
particularly
Akkermansia
,
which
enhances
tryptophan
metabolism
upregulates
production
xanthurenic
acid
(XANA).
To
confirm
role
TLB‐induced
microbiota
changes,
experiments
are
performed
with
pseudogerm‐free
mice
fecal
transplantation.
also
identified
XANA
key
metabolite
that
mediates
TLB's
protective
effects.
Both
markedly
activate
aromatic
hydrocarbon
receptor
(AhR).
Administration
AhR
antagonist
abrogates
their
effects,
thereby
confirming
involvement
underlying
mechanism.
conclusion,
study
reveals
mechanism
through
correcting
imbalances,
regulating
metabolism,
enhancing
production,
activating
AhR.
Supplementation
with
short-chain
fatty
acids
(SCFAs)
is
a
potential
therapeutic
approach
for
inflammatory
bowel
disease
(IBD).
However,
the
effects
and
mechanisms
of
action
isobutyrate
in
IBD
remain
unclear.
Clinical
data
indicate
that
fecal
levels
are
markedly
lower
patients
Crohn’s
than
healthy
controls.
Compared
mice
pigs,
pigs
colitis
presented
significantly
levels.
Furthermore,
level
was
negatively
correlated
activity
index.
We
speculate
may
play
crucial
role
regulating
host
gut
homeostasis.
established
model
dextran
sulfate
sodium-induced
which
have
gastrointestinal
structure
function
similar
to
those
humans;
we
performed
multiomic
analysis
investigate
on
at
both
animal
cellular
validated
results.
Phenotypically,
can
alleviate
diarrhea,
bloody
stools,
weight
loss,
colon
shortening
caused
by
pigs.
Mechanistically,
increase
relative
abundance
Lactobacillus
reuteri
,
thereby
increasing
production
indole-3-lactic
acid,
aryl
hydrocarbon
receptor
expression
downstream
signaling
pathways,
Foxp3
+
CD4
T
cell
recruitment
colitis.
Isobutyrate
directly
activate
G
protein-coupled
109A,
promote
Claudin-1,
improve
intestinal
barrier
function.
In
addition,
SCFAs
3-hydroxybutyric
acid
inhibit
TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB
pathway
suppress
inflammation.
conclusion,
our
findings
demonstrate
confers
resistance
through
host–microbiota
interactions,
providing
theoretical
basis
use
alleviating
Experimental and Molecular Pathology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
142, P. 104964 - 104964
Published: April 8, 2025
The
gut-lung
axis,
a
vital
signaling
network
linking
the
gastrointestinal
and
pulmonary
systems,
regulates
immune
responses
progression
of
respiratory
diseases.
Nutritional
components
can
modulate
gut
microbiome
regulate
synthesis
critical
intestinal
microbial
metabolites,
which
are
essential
for
maintaining
homeostasis
supporting
health.
Conversely,
poor
dietary
habits
exacerbate
asthma
other
conditions
through
modulation
systemic
inflammation
responses.
Dietary
interventions,
such
as
Mediterranean
diet,
reported
to
restore
balance
improve
health
by
increasing
production
anti-inflammatory
potentiating
responses,
preserving
epithelial
barrier
integrity.
In
contrast,
Western
patterns,
characterized
high
fat
low
fiber
intake,
disrupt
diversity,
resulting
in
increased
levels
pro-inflammatory
metabolites
that
aggravate
airway
severity.
This
review
aimed
elucidate
mechanisms
underlying
regulatory
effects
microbes
their
on
asthma.
Additionally,
previous
findings
related
axis
have
been
summarized,
providing
insights
into
potential
therapeutic
strategies
management.
PeerJ,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
13, P. e18758 - e18758
Published: Jan. 22, 2025
Background
The
objective
of
the
present
study
is
to
examine
total
phenolic
and
flavonoid
content
an
ethanol
extract
Sanghuangporus
sanghuang
evaluate
its
phytochemical
properties,
antioxidant
activity,
capacity
protect
DNA
from
damage.
This
pharmaceutical/food
resource
mushroom
may
serve
as
a
novel
substitute
functional
food
for
health-conscious
consumers,
given
promising
source
phenolics
flavonoids.
Methods
S.
(SEE)
was
evaluated
contents,
while
UPLC-MS
analysis
used
terpenoids,
phenylpropanoid,
flavonoids,
steroidal,
phenols
identification,
function
prediction.
Antioxidant
anti-DNA
damage
activities
were
tested
in
vitro
using
ferric
reducing
power
(FRAP),
1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl
(DPPH),
2,2′-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzotiazolin-6-sulfonic
acid
(ABTS),
protection
assay.
Results
Conclusion
Total
(TPC)
SEE
385.38
±
1.36
mg
GA/g
extract,
(TFC)
298.22
2.38
QE/g
extract.
extracts
exhibited
high
free
radical
scavenging
with
relatively
stronger
activity.
A
491
metabolites
investigated
by
Ultra-performance
liquid
chromatography-mass
spectrometry
(UPLC-MS).
Most
top
20
compounds
predicted
have
various
functions
like
antioxidant,
anti-cancer
anti-inflammatory.
highlighted
beneficial
It
contains
potential
natural
that
could
be
lead
contender
development
medicines
treatment
wide
range
oxidative
stress-related
illnesses.
Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
40(1)
Published: Feb. 24, 2025
This
study
investigates
the
mycochemical
profile
and
biological
activities
of
hydroethanolic
(EtOH),
chloroform
(CHCl3),
hot
water
(H2O)
extracts
Sanghuangporus
lonicerinus
from
Uzbekistan.
Antioxidant
capacity
was
assessed
using
2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl
(DPPH),
2,2′-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic
acid
(ABTS),
NO,
FRAP
assays,
in
vitro
hypoglycaemic
effects
were
evaluated
through
α-amylase
α-glucosidase
inhibition.
Antiproliferative
potential
explored
by
analysing
binding
affinities
EtOH
H2O
to
estrogen
receptor
α
(ERα),
ERβ,
androgen
(AR),
glucocorticoid
(GR),
with
molecular
docking
providing
structural
insights.
LC-MS/MS
analysis
revealed
solvent-dependent
phenolic
profiles,
extract
containing
highest
total
content
(143.15
±
6.70
mg
GAE/g
d.w.)
best
antioxidant
capacity.
The
showed
significant
effects,
85.29
5.58%
inhibition
41.21
0.79%
α-amylase.
Moderate
ERβ
suggests
for
estrogen-mediated
cancer
therapy,
while
strong
AKR1C3
supports
its
therapeutic
potential.