Vacunas (English Edition), Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23, P. S36 - S43
Published: Sept. 1, 2022
Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 20(8), P. 1135 - 1147
Published: May 21, 2022
The development of long-acting (LA) drugs has changed the management common medical conditions for human replication immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Cabenuva (cabotegravir/Rilpivirine) is first LA antiretroviral injectable drug composed nano-formulation cabotegravir (CAB) and rilpivirine (RPV).In this review article, we aim to have a brief overview results major clinical trials that administrated Cabotegravir/Rilpivirine patients considering efficacy safety profiles. Moreover, discuss about CAB RPV chemical structure, mechanism action, activity against drug-sensitive -resistant HIV, pharmacodynamics/pharmacokinetics properties.Based on ATLAS FLAIR trials, regimen once-monthly shown equal effectivity oral combination therapy (cART) in maintaining HIV-1 suppression patients. Furthermore, ATLAS-2 M study revealed non-inferiority every 8 weeks compared 4 weeks. ART reduces number treatment intake as well increases adherence, especially with HIV-related stigma. Administration extended-release agents probably minimize risk treatment-related toxicity resistance related sub-optimal adherence ART, so can be suggested suitable alternative HIV infection control current era.
Language: Английский
Citations
31
Viruses, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(2), P. 577 - 577
Published: Feb. 20, 2023
The COVID-19 pandemic has been a global medical emergency with significant socio-economic impact. People HIV (PWH), due to the underlying immunosuppression and particularities of stigma, are considered vulnerable population at high risk. In this review, we report what is currently known in available literature regards clinical implications overlap two epidemics. PWH share same risk factors for severe as general (age, comorbidities), but virological immunological status also plays an important role. Clinical presentation does not differ significantly, there some opportunistic infections that can mimic or co-exist COVID-19. should be prime candidates preventative treatments when they available, setting resistant strains, might easy. When considering small-molecule medications, physicians need always remember address potential interactions ART, immunosuppressants, aware risks infections. shares similarities how public perceives patients—with fear unknown prejudice. There opportunities treatment hidden research leaps gained both monoclonal antibody vaccine development.
Language: Английский
Citations
19
Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 36(5)
Published: April 8, 2022
Abstract Introduction Interest revolving around coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) reinfection is escalating rapidly. By definition, denotes severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), PCR redetection, and COVID‐19 recurrence within three months of the initial symptoms. The main aim current systematic review was to evaluate features relapse patients. Materials methods For this study, we used a string terms developed by skilled librarian through systematical search in PubMed, Web Science, Embase for eligible studies. Clinical surveys any type were included from January March 2021. Eligible studies consisted two positive assessments separated negative result via RT‐PCR. Results Fifty‐four 207 cases reinfection. Children less likely have relapse. However, most patients age group 20–40 years. Asthenia (66.6%), headache cough (54.7%) prevalent symptoms first SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. (62.9%), myalgia (61.1%) frequent second one. common treatment options infection lopinavir/ritonavir (80%), oxygen support (69.2%), oseltamivir (66.6). infection, mostly antibiotics (100%), dexamethasone remdesivir (80%) used. In addition, obesity (32.5%), kidney failure (30.7%), hypertension (30.1%) comorbidities. Unfortunately, approximately 4.5% died. Conclusion We found potency as an outstanding issue. This feature should be regarded management. Furthermore, are similar clinical features. clinically practical comparison severity between epochs uniform data both required. suggest that future undertake homogenous approach establish patterns phenomena.
Language: Английский
Citations
25
Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 36(4)
Published: Feb. 20, 2022
Abstract Introduction Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) are two viral diseases for which there currently no definitive treatments. Nowadays, because of the health system's focus on COVID‐19 epidemic, control human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has received less attention. In this review, we will discuss characteristics in HIV‐positive patients. Material Methods Using PRISMA guideline, databases Scopus, PubMed, Web Science were searched systematically from January 1, to February 24, 2021. The following keywords used: “Human Immunodeficiency Virus,” “acquired syndrome,” “HIV,” “AIDS,” “COVID‐19,” “severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2,” “novel coronavirus,” “SARS‐CoV‐2,” “nCoV disease,” “SARS2,” “2019‐nCoV disease.” Results Twenty‐one percent studies conducted USA ( n = 13), 16% China 10), 13% Italy 8), respectively. majority patients men (74.3%). Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate was used 47.4% patients, emtricitabine 58.4%, lamivudine 34.8% treat HIV. Symptoms HIV with included coughing (81.3%), fever (62.8%), dyspnea (60%). Hydroxychloroquine (39.34%) azithromycin (36.58%) common treatment options COVID‐19. total death rate about 9%. Conclusion current systematic demonstrated that co‐infected have high comorbidity hypertension diabetes mellitus. HIV/COVID‐19 co‐infection might negatively influenced diagnosis, indicates need regularly screen pandemic.
Language: Английский
Citations
24
Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 36(5)
Published: April 18, 2022
Abstract Introduction Since COVID‐19 outbreak, various studies mentioned the occurrence of neurological disorders. Of these, encephalitis is known as a critical complication in patients. Numerous case reports and series have found relation to COVID‐19, which not been systematically reviewed. This study aims evaluate clinical symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, outcome COVID‐19‐associated encephalitis. Methods We used Pubmed/Medline, Embase, Web Science databases search for on from January 1, 2019, March 7, 2021. The irrelevant were excluded based screening further evaluation. Then, information relating manifestations, comorbidities, was extracted evaluated. Results From 4455 initial studies, 45 articles met our criteria selected Included publications reported an overall number 53 COVID‐19‐related cases. MRI showed hyperintensity brain regions including white matter (44.68%), temporal lobe (17.02%), thalamus (12.76%). Also, CT scan revealed hypodensity (17.14%) cerebral hemorrhages/hemorrhagic foci (11.42%) most frequent findings. IV methylprednisolone/oral prednisone (36.11%), immunoglobulin (27.77%), acyclovir (16.66%) more preferred patients with 46 patients, 13 (28.26%) died hospital. Conclusion In this systematic review, characteristics described. can accompany other symptoms involve different brain. Although majority condition are reversible, but it lead life‐threatening status. Therefore, investigation required.
Language: Английский
Citations
23
Viruses, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(1), P. 156 - 156
Published: Jan. 20, 2024
Coronaviruses (CoVs) are enveloped positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses with a genome that is 27–31 kbases in length. Critical genes include the spike (S), envelope (E), membrane (M), nucleocapsid (N) and nine accessory open reading frames encoding for non-structural proteins (NSPs) have multiple roles replication cycle immune evasion (1). There seven known human CoVs most likely appeared after zoonotic transfer, recent being SARS-CoV-2, responsible COVID-19 pandemic. Antivirals been approved by FDA use against such as Paxlovid can target successfully inhibit main protease (MPro) activity of CoVs; however, alternative proteomes encoded CoV genomes closer genetic similarity to each other, suggesting antivirals could be developed now future CoVs. New introductions humans inevitable unpredictable. Therefore, new required control not only next outbreak but also four common (229E, OC43, NL63, HKU1) circulate frequently contain sporadic outbreaks severe (SARS-CoV, MERS SARS-CoV-2). The current study found emerging antiviral drugs, Paxlovid, other CoVs, SARS-CoV-2 targeted vivo. Other drugs which potential still within clinical trials yet available public use. Monoclonal antibody (mAb) treatment vaccines reduce mortality hospitalisation rates; they Spike protein whose sequence mutates drifts. applicable targeting HCoVs these well-conserved sequences among Thus, there need readily treatments globally all improve preparedness outbreaks. Here, we discuss research, contributing transmission, including outbreak. aim was identify features antivirals, biologics scientific, political, economic health strain caused future.
Language: Английский
Citations
4
Vacunas, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 24(1), P. 27 - 36
Published: Aug. 30, 2022
Citations
13
Heliyon, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(4), P. e15010 - e15010
Published: March 28, 2023
Various metabolomics studies have reported increased phenylalanine serum concentrations in SARS-CoV-2 positive cases and correlated with COVID-19 severity. In this study, we report similar results based upon analysis of collected from a South African cohort adults confirmed COVID-19. The novelty study is the inclusion HIV context. We found that pre-existing co-infection exacerbates disruption metabolism What lacking literature biological context deeper understanding perturbed delve deep into posit new insights for co-infected HIV; namely, HIV-COVID-19 individuals do not sufficient bioavailability tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4). Hence, identify BH4 as potential supplement to alleviate/lessen symptoms.
Language: Английский
Citations
6
Quality of Life Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 33(9), P. 2529 - 2539
Published: June 12, 2024
Abstract Purpose We aimed to assess health-related quality of life (HRQL) and its correlates among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) co-infected SARS-CoV-2 in France. Methods This cross-sectional was study conducted PLWHA SARS-CoV-2. HRQL measured using the four dimensions PROQOL-HIV scale. Factors associated each dimension were identified linear regression. Results mean (SD) scores for dimensions: 76.7 (± 21.1) Physical Health Symptoms (PHS), 79.2 23.6) Social Relationships (SR), 67.3 27.4) Mental Cognitive (MC), 83.9 16.5) Treatment Impact (TI). Employment status COVID-19 knowledge higher PHS score, while blood transfusion-acquired HIV, CDC hospital discharge instructions, self-reported symptoms lower score. Couple SR whereas, HIV stage C, drug injection-acquired symptoms, vulnerability perception French birth MC female sex, detectable viral load, perception, smoking, homosexual/bisexual relationships-acquired TI psychiatric disorders, score Conclusion Among SARS-CoV-2, impaired, particularly dimension. Findings underscore multidimensional nature HRQL, notable variations across different dimensions. Understanding these is crucial tailored interventions at improving well-being this population.
Language: Английский
Citations
1
Bioelectrochemistry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 161, P. 108798 - 108798
Published: Aug. 17, 2024
Language: Английский
Citations
1