Motivations for Self-Harm in Young People and Their Correlates: A Systematic Review

Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 29, 2025

Abstract Self-harm in young people is associated with increased risk of suicide and other negative long-term outcomes. Understanding the motivations driving self-harm behaviours among can help to inform development preventative treatment interventions. rates have been rising, but reviews recent quantitative literature not undertaken. PsycInfo, Embase Medline were systematically searched September 2024 for studies published past ten years. Quantitative that examined (including prevalence and/or correlates) (aged 10 24 years) a history included review. The review was conducted accordance PRISMA guidelines registered PROSPERO (CRD42023429568). One hundred seventeen met inclusion criteria. Intrapersonal (particularly emotion regulation, anti-dissociation self-punishment) more common than interpersonal (e.g. peer bonding, communication). correlated female gender, higher severity, current, repetitive persistent self-harm, suicidality, poorer mental health regulation. There evidence suggest motives are younger age some difficulties anxiety). Young predominantly intrapersonal reasons. Given reasons greater suicidality poor health, steps should be taken prevent reduce self-harm. Interventions require multifaceted approach only provides alternate ways regulating their emotions, also targets factors contribute

Language: Английский

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Measurement and stratification of nonsuicidal self-injury in adolescents

BMC Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: Feb. 7, 2024

Abstract Background Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) is highly prevalent in adolescents. In survey and interview studies assessing NSSI, methods of assessment have been shown to influence prevalence estimates. However, knowledge which groups adolescents that are identified with different measurement lacking, the characteristics yet be investigated. Further, only a handful carried out using exploratory identify subgroups among NSSI. Methods The performance two measures (single-item vs. behavioral checklist) same cross-sectional community sample ( n = 266, age M 14.21, 58.3% female) was compared regarding estimates also characterization lifetime NSSI prevalence. A cluster analysis sample. Identified clusters were defined measures. Results total 118 (44.4%) participants acknowledged having engaged at least once. Of these, group 55 (20.7%) confirmed on single item 63 (23.7%) checklist, while denying item. Groups differed significantly, single-item being more severely affected higher mean scores difficulties emotion regulation, self-criticism, number methods, frequency rates suicidal ideation behavior lower score health-related quality life. All cases severity not by question. Cluster three clusters, fit well checklist Conclusions When investigating adolescents, findings influenced researchers’ choice present study provides some directions toward what kind expect given type measure used, both regards size its composition. Implications for future research as clinical preventive work discussed.

Language: Английский

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Identifying subgroups of nonsuicidal self-injury: A systematic review

PLOS mental health., Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 2(4), P. e0000291 - e0000291

Published: April 21, 2025

Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a complex behavior, and its presentation marked by significant heterogeneity, complicating efforts to identify intervene. In this study, we sought systematically review studies that used data-driven classification methods NSSI subgroups. We searched PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Scopus. Article were included if they: (1) focused on NSSI, relative suicidal self-injury, (2) published in peer-reviewed journal, (3) English language, (4) applied subgroups (5) provided details about building the analytical models. Two investigators independently screened abstracts full-text articles assessed study quality. total, 26 between 2008 2023 identified search. Studies data from 7,388 individuals with history 94 Many defined characteristics including methods, functions, lifetime frequency. Others emotion regulation, social competencies, or relationship The quality designs reporting varied. Understanding heterogeneity within through these can help inform treatment intervention personalization.

Language: Английский

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Cognitive and emotional factors associated with the desire to cease non‐suicidal self‐injury

Journal of Clinical Psychology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 78(9), P. 1896 - 1911

Published: March 5, 2022

Abstract Background Due to cognitive and emotional differences between individuals who have not stopped self‐injuring, we explored these in the context of desire stop. Method Australian university students ( n = 374) completed measures. Comparisons were made those had self‐injured past 12 months not, reported wanting stop self‐injuring did not. Results Approximately 20% participants want self‐injuring. Cognitive factors (psychological distress, self‐efficacy resist, difficulties regulating emotion, interpersonal functions, outcome expectancies) differentiated stopped, but could explain Conclusion Factors associated with are same as underlying behavioural cessation. Motivational approaches changes self‐injurious behaviour would be beneficial for clinicians their clients.

Language: Английский

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How Technologies Can Support Self-Injury Self-Management: Perspectives of Young Adults With Lived Experience of Nonsuicidal Self-Injury

Frontiers in Digital Health, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 4

Published: June 29, 2022

Background There is growing interest in the design of digital interventions to improve conditions for young people who engage high-risk behaviors, like nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI). However, few studies have focused on how self-manage NSSI, or their existing, and historic, use technologies support goals related NSSI behavior change. Such an understanding has potential inform that meet this population's unique needs. Objectives This study aims (a) understand self-management practices adults (b) explore they currently self-management, (c) identify ways can envision app-based technology supporting self-management. Methods Materials Twenty (aged 18–24) with lived experience were not enrolled therapy, recruited from online venues. Participants completed baseline measures assess mental health characteristics, followed by a virtual 1-h semi-structured interview where invited share goals, thoughts supportive technology. Interview scripts transcribed analyzed via thematic analysis. Results Themes sub-themes are organized under two broad domain areas: (1) How behaviors (2) Opportunities challenges assist recovery process. We found had varied experiences with, to, NSSI. reported lack effective strategies reduce urges desire track patterns deliver personalized suggestions existing as part well early information seeking online. Conclusions contributes greater people's self-injury, practices, Our findings highlight need flexibility developing individual presentations needs at different phases recovery. Implications highly relevant address discussed.

Language: Английский

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A person-centred conceptualisation of non-suicidal self-injury recovery: a practical guide

Counselling Psychology Quarterly, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 37(3), P. 376 - 397

Published: June 17, 2023

Background Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a behaviour many counselling psychologists encounter in practice, and the way clinician's respond can have an important impact on individual's experience of recovery. The person-centred NSSI recovery framework incorporates voices lived understanding multi-faceted nature recovery.Objectives This paper outlines considerations for how guide clinicians with respect to both therapeutic stance intervention targets order support clients navigating their recovery.Implications Clinicians should adopt strengths-based approach foster self-efficacy self-compassion persons experience. provides specific recommendations clients, including encouraging avoid making assumptions about causes, meanings, outcomes self-injury, be cognizant non-linear process.

Language: Английский

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Young adults who self-harm: Barriers to and facilitators of seeking help

Psychiatry Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 327, P. 115390 - 115390

Published: July 30, 2023

In Portugal, the lifetime prevalence of DSH in adolescents is situated between 16% and 35% (Duarte et al., 2020a; Gouveia-Pereira 2016). Help-seeking an important facilitator to stop these behaviors, although it known that most individuals who engage self-harm do not ask for help (Rowe 2014). Study one (n = 222) examines differences two groups young adults with a history deliberate (participants asked participants did help) regarding behaviors' severity diversity, suicidal ideation, family conflicts. Participants completed self-report questionnaire which included open-ended question focused on reasons may or contribute seeking help. Significant were found all variables are further discussed, followed by qualitative analysis concerning help-seeking motives. 110) used analyze expectations their social support network role healthcare workers when they thought about asking These contents related problem-solving, confidentiality, understanding trust, support, unburdening. Identifying facilitators barriers can be relevant step planning managing interventions within self-harm. Future directions limitations discussed.

Language: Английский

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Recovery without normalisation: It's not necessary to be normal, not even in psychiatry

Clinical Ethics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 18(3), P. 298 - 305

Published: March 28, 2023

In this paper, we argue that there are reasons to believe an implicit bias for normalcy influences what considered medically necessary treatments in psychiatry. First, outline two prima facie suspect is the case. A ‘the normal’ already documented disability studies; it reasonable affects psychiatry too, since psychiatric patients, like disabled people, often perceived as ‘weird’ by others. Secondly, psychiatry's explicitly endorsed values of well-being and function hard measure directly, which why see simpler box-ticking conceptions recovery used large research studies. This need not be problematic, but might lead researchers clinicians focusing too much on promote easy-to-measure proxies recovery, instead actually matters patients themselves. Next, provide examples treatment decisions within areas – self-injury psychosis explain unless assume harmful at work. We conclude with some suggestions future research.

Language: Английский

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Are the functions of non-suicidal self-injury associated with its persistence and suicide risk in university students? Insights from a network analysis

Frontiers in Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Nov. 11, 2024

To date, a number of intra- and interpersonal functions non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) have been identified. Yet, their association with persistence NSSI suicide risk remains unknown. The study aimed to investigate which are associated its in university students using network analysis.

Language: Английский

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Profiling ambivalence in the context of nonsuicidal self‐injury

Journal of Clinical Psychology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 79(8), P. 1699 - 1712

Published: Feb. 25, 2023

Abstract Background We aimed to identify profiles of ambivalence among individuals with a history non‐suicidal self‐injury (NSSI) and tested whether differed across various theoretically informed constructs: NSSI‐related characteristics, cognitive (outcome expectancies, self‐efficacy resist NSSI), emotional (psychological distress, difficulties in emotion regulation), personality, incentives engage/not engage NSSI. Methods Individuals lifetime NSSI ( n = 224) reported the extent which they wanted did not want completed well‐validated measures constructs interest. Results Latent profile analysis indicated four (avoid: 39; moderately ambivalent: 85; highly 30; approach: 70). The number cognitive, emotional, incentive‐related variables. Differences between avoid/approach varied constructs. For example, approach were similar for outcome but avoidance Conclusion Findings highlight variation desire or that are consistent notion ambivalence. Understanding these differences may allow more person‐centered treatment

Language: Английский

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