Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary Manifestations Associated with Untreated Celiac Disease in Adults and Children: A Narrative Overview

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(15), P. 4579 - 4579

Published: Aug. 5, 2024

Celiac disease (CeD) is a chronic inflammatory of the small intestine, produced by ingesting dietary gluten products in susceptible people. Gluten causes an impairment mucosal surface and, consequently, abnormal absorption nutrients. Although malabsorption essential nutrients major risk factor for various CeD-associated morbidities, genetic, immunological, and environmental factors also play important role. The clinical presentation CeD widely varies can range from asymptomatic to full-blown symptoms due multi-system nature CeD. typical gastrointestinal (GI) manifestations include abdominal pain, diarrhea, bloating, weight loss, but several hepatobiliary poor nutritional status have been described. Currently, gluten-free diet (GFD) only current evidence-based treatment that leads complete recovery damage reversibility its progression. Conversely, undiagnosed might severe consequences children as well adult patients. This narrative overview aims characterize GI manifestations, deficiencies, delayed pediatric development associated with unrecognized order identify it promptly. Moreover, role GFD how could prevent long-term complications are

Language: Английский

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Purified oat protein can trigger acute symptoms linked to immune activation in coeliac disease patients but not histological deterioration

Gut, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. gutjnl - 333589

Published: Feb. 17, 2025

Background Oat ingestion in coeliac disease (CD) is generally regarded as safe but can trigger enteropathy and T cells specific for oat avenin the gut blood of some individuals. Objective To correlate immune clinical outcomes to oats, purified feeding studies were performed examine symptoms, T-cell immunity intestinal histology CD. Design 33 treated HLA-DQ2.5+ adult CD patients underwent single-bolus or 6-week 3-month whole oats ingestion. cell activation after was measured using serum interleukin 2 (IL-2), a sensitive biomarker gluten-induced symptoms Symptom measures, histology, on duodenum undertaken. Results Among 29 participants, induced dose-dependent 11 (38%) acute 17 (59%). Higher IL-2 levels correlated with more severe symptoms. A single highly symptomatic patient vomited response (1/29; 3%) exhibited striking pro-inflammatory cytokine profile similar wheat-induced responses. Avenin increased frequency CD38-expressing tetramer+integrin β7+ effector memory CD4+ blood, however release tetramer fell following intake no observed. Conclusion Gluten-contamination-free symptom responses usually at level insufficient cause sustained enteropathy. In 1 (3%) triggered wheat-like response, highlighting that minority may need exclude oats. Informed choice regarding important.

Language: Английский

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Computational Screening and Experimental Evaluation of Wheat Proteases for Use in the Enzymatic Therapy of Gluten-Related Disorders

Pharmaceuticals, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 18(4), P. 592 - 592

Published: April 18, 2025

Background: Gluten-related disorders, particularly celiac disease, are triggered in susceptible individuals by the toxic effects of gluten, major storage protein wheat grains. This toxicity can be reduced glutenases. Members papain-like cysteine protease family, which act human gastrointestinal tract, promising candidates for enzymatic treatment disease. Methods: Two proteases were selected using AlphaFold2, produced recombinant forms, and characterized. Their glutenase potentials under acidic or slightly conditions evaluated compared with properties previously characterized Triticain-α. Results: All enzymes tested, Ta-P7, Ta-V6, Triticain-α, able to hydrolyze model substrate (α-gliadin-derived epitope) pH range 3.6–7.5. Nevertheless, Triticain-α performs most efficient hydrolysis peptide according its kinetic characteristics. In gluten degradation experiment at 4.6 37 °C, both Ta-P7 cleaved mixture almost completely within 5 min. addition, significantly levels peptides intact treated pepsin-trypsin digestion as tested Ridascreen Gliadin Kit. Conclusions: Novel investigation possess expected activity varying degrees; however, is a primary candidate potential use therapy gluten-related disorders.

Language: Английский

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Gluten Unraveled: Latest Insights on Terminology, Diagnosis, Pathophysiology, Dietary Strategies, and Intestinal Microbiota Modulations—A Decade in Review

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(21), P. 3636 - 3636

Published: Oct. 25, 2024

A decade of research on gluten-related disorders (GRDs) is reviewed in this study, with a particular emphasis celiac disease (CD) and non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS). GRDs are triggered by the ingestion gluten-like proteins found wheat, barley, rye. These lead to intestinal damage disease, an autoimmune condition characterized villous atrophy variety gastrointestinal extraintestinal symptoms. More enigmatic less understood, NCGS involves symptoms similar CD but without immunological reaction or damage. Recent years have seen advances understanding GRDs, particularly connection how microbiota influences progression patient outcomes. The gluten-free diet (GFD) still standard therapy recommended for despite significant challenges, as discussed article. Precise diagnostic methods, education dietary counseling critical improving patients’ quality life. purpose review provide more clear up-to-date help further important topic.

Language: Английский

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Impact of Physical Activity on Digestive System Diseases

Quality in Sport, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 34, P. 56112 - 56112

Published: Nov. 23, 2024

ABSTRACT Introduction: Digestive system diseases, including IBD, and GERD, are prevalent health concerns worldwide. Physical activity, widely acknowledged for its benefits, has emerged as a promising area of research potential in mitigating symptoms influencing risk factors associated with digestive diseases. This study aims to critically assess existing evidence on the role physical activity prevention, symptom management, progression disorders. Materials Methods: A systematic review pertinent studies was conducted through comprehensive searches databases PubMed, NCBI Google Scholar. The data were sourced from clinical experimental studies, evaluated methodological rigor, participant characteristics, therapeutic outcomes. State knowledge: analysis demonstrated that can exert beneficial effects mechanisms such enhanced gut motility, reduced inflammation, increased microbiota diversity. Moderate-intensity aerobic exercise improvement patients IBS while high-intensity showed variable effects, exacerbation certain cases. Additionally, correlated lower incidence likely due benefits weight management. Despite these positive associations, inconsistencies design protocols underscore need standardized guidelines tailored specific conditions. Conclusions: appears play managing potentially preventing While moderate shows promise alleviation reduction, further is necessary establish clear, condition-specific recommendations.

Language: Английский

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