Nitrification and ammonium dynamics in Taihu Lake, China: seasonal competition for ammonium between nitrifiers and cyanobacteria DOI Creative Commons
Justyna J. Hampel, Mark J. McCarthy, Wayne S. Gardner

et al.

Biogeosciences, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 15(3), P. 733 - 748

Published: Feb. 6, 2018

Abstract. Taihu Lake is hypereutrophic and experiences seasonal, cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms. These Microcystis blooms produce microcystin, a potent liver toxin, are linked to anthropogenic nitrogen (N) phosphorus (P) loads lakes. spp. cannot fix atmospheric N must compete with ammonia-oxidizing other organisms for ammonium (NH4+). We measured NH4+ regeneration potential uptake rates total nitrification using stable-isotope techniques. Nitrification studies included abundance of the functional gene oxidation, amoA, archaea (AOA) bacteria (AOB). Potential ranged from 0.02 6.80 µmol L−1 h−1 in light 0.05 3.33 dark, 0.03 2.37 h−1. exceeded previously reported most freshwater systems. Total often 200 nmol d−1 was > 1000 at one station near river discharge. AOA amoA copies were more abundant than AOB (p < 0.005) all times; however, only (not AOA) correlated stations seasons 0.005). varied seasonally; stations, highest March, lower June, lowest July, corresponding bloom progression, suggesting that nitrifiers poor competitors during bloom. Regeneration results suggested cyanobacteria relied extensively on regenerated sustain Internal external loading lake by factor 2 but ultimately fueled loads. Our thus support growing literature calling watershed reductions concert existing management P

Language: Английский

Nutrients, eutrophication and harmful algal blooms along the freshwater to marine continuum DOI
Wayne A. Wurtsbaugh, Hans W. Paerl, Walter K. Dodds

et al.

Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Water, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 6(5)

Published: Aug. 15, 2019

Abstract Agricultural, urban and industrial activities have dramatically increased aquatic nitrogen phosphorus pollution (eutrophication), threatening water quality biotic integrity from headwater streams to coastal areas world‐wide. Eutrophication creates multiple problems, including hypoxic “dead zones” that reduce fish shellfish production; harmful algal blooms create taste odor problems threaten the safety of drinking food supplies; stimulation greenhouse gas releases; degradation cultural social values these waters. Conservative estimates annual costs eutrophication indicated $1 billion losses for European waters $2.4 lakes in United States. Scientists debated whether phosphorus, nitrogen, or both need be reduced control along freshwater marine continuum, but many management agencies worldwide are increasingly opting dual control. The unidirectional flow nutrients through streams, rivers, lakes, estuaries ultimately oceans adds additional complexity, as each ecosystems may limited by different factors. Consequently, reduction just one nutrient upstream can allow export other downstream where they stimulate production. technology exists controlling eutrophication, challenges remain understanding managing this global environmental problem. This article is categorized under: Science Water > Quality Life Stresses Pressures on Ecosystems

Language: Английский

Citations

760
It Takes Two to Tango: When and Where Dual Nutrient (N & P) Reductions Are Needed to Protect Lakes and Downstream Ecosystems DOI
Hans W. Paerl, J. Thad Scott, Mark J. McCarthy

et al.

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 50(20), P. 10805 - 10813

Published: Sept. 26, 2016

Preventing harmful algal blooms (HABs) is needed to protect lakes and downstream ecosystems. Traditionally, reducing phosphorus (P) inputs was the prescribed solution for lakes, based on assumption that P universally limits HAB formation. Reduction of has decreased HABs in many but not successful others. Thus, "P-only" paradigm overgeneralized. Whole-lake experiments indicate are often stimulated more by combined nitrogen (N) enrichment rather than N or alone, indicating dynamics both nutrients important control. The changing from P-only consideration dual nutrient control supported studies (1) biological fixation cannot always meet lake ecosystem needs, (2) anthropogenic loading increased dramatically recent decades. Sediment accumulation supports long-term internal loading, while may escape via denitrification, leading perpetual deficits. Hence, controlling will help some also reduce export N-sensitive Managers should consider whether balanced most effectively along freshwater-marine continuum.

Language: Английский

Citations

613
Eutrophication, harmful algae and biodiversity — Challenging paradigms in a world of complex nutrient changes DOI
Patricia M. Glibert

Marine Pollution Bulletin, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 124(2), P. 591 - 606

Published: April 25, 2017

Language: Английский

Citations

535
Harmful algae at the complex nexus of eutrophication and climate change DOI Creative Commons
Patricia M. Glibert

Harmful Algae, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 91, P. 101583 - 101583

Published: June 20, 2019

Climate projections suggest-with substantial certainty-that global warming >1.5 °C will occur by mid-century (2050). Population is also projected to increase, amplifying the demands for food, fuel, water and sanitation, which, in turn, escalate nutrient pollution. Global of pollution, however, are less certain than those climate as there regionally decreasing trends Europe, stabilization use North America Australia. In this review effects eutrophication on harmful algae, some complex, subtle, non-intuitive interactions physiology both non-harmful taxa emphasized. a future ocean, diatoms may be disproportionately stressed mixotrophs advantaged due changing stoichiometry forms nutrients, temperature, stratification oceanic pH. Modeling advancing, but much yet understood, terms physiology, biogeochemistry trophodynamics how nonharmful change an uncertain driven anthropogenic activities.

Language: Английский

Citations

373
Review: Mechanisms of ammonium toxicity and the quest for tolerance DOI
Raquel Esteban, Idoia Ariz, Cristina Cruz

et al.

Plant Science, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 248, P. 92 - 101

Published: May 1, 2016

Language: Английский

Citations

370
The dual role of nitrogen supply in controlling the growth and toxicity of cyanobacterial blooms DOI Creative Commons
Christopher J. Gobler,

JoAnn M. Burkholder,

Timothy W. Davis

et al.

Harmful Algae, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 54, P. 87 - 97

Published: April 1, 2016

Language: Английский

Citations

369
Global Nitrogen Cycle: Critical Enzymes, Organisms, and Processes for Nitrogen Budgets and Dynamics DOI
Xinning Zhang, Bess B. Ward, Daniel M. Sigman

et al.

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 120(12), P. 5308 - 5351

Published: June 12, 2020

Nitrogen (N) is used in many of life's fundamental biomolecules, and it also a participant environmental redox chemistry. Biogeochemical processes control the amount form N available to organisms ("fixed" N). These interacting result acting as proximate limiting nutrient most surface environments. Here, we review global biogeochemical cycle its anthropogenic perturbation. We introduce important reservoirs affecting environment, focusing on ocean, which cycling more generalizable than terrestrial systems, are heterogeneous. Particular attention given that create destroy fixed because these comprise input/output budget, universal availability. discuss preindustrial budgets for marine systems their modern-day alteration by inputs from human activities. summarize evidence indicating simultaneous roles required biomass constituent an intermediate lead stabilizing feedbacks tend blunt impact perturbations at larger spatiotemporal scales, particularly systems. As feedbacks, "N problem" distinct "carbon dioxide being local less global, immediate persistent.

Language: Английский

Citations

320
Globally Changing Nutrient Loads and Harmful Algal Blooms: Recent Advances, New Paradigms, and Continuing Challenges DOI Creative Commons
Patricia M. Glibert, Michele A. Burford

Oceanography, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 30(1), P. 58 - 69

Published: March 1, 2017

It is now well recognized that there are more harmful algal blooms (HABs), often, in new and different places, often lasting longer, with a range of toxicities, many these related to nutrient pollution.Nutrient loads increasing globally, but they changing regionally proportion the dominant form nutrient.The fact have generally increased is, itself, insufficient for promotion HABs.The success HABs lies at intersection physiological adaptations species, environmental conditions, interactions co-occurring organisms alter abiotic conditions and/or aggregate or disperse cells, turn promoting inhibiting their growth.It change supply right nutrients time helps create conducive specific HABs.Many dinoflagellate cyanobacterial appear allow them exploit environments-and potentially even become toxic-where not balanced (Redfield) proportions.HABs also complex ways due changes climate other affect timing, amount, proportions nutrients.There much work be done understand ecology species.Climate altered CO 2 levels, implications productivity global ocean, should motivate both models experimental investigations support them.Based on current knowledge, management clear: most effective actions reduce impacts will continued efforts entering our waters.

Language: Английский

Citations

256
Mitigating eutrophication and toxic cyanobacterial blooms in large lakes: The evolution of a dual nutrient (N and P) reduction paradigm DOI
Hans W. Paerl, Karl E. Havens, Hai Xu

et al.

Hydrobiologia, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 847(21), P. 4359 - 4375

Published: Oct. 29, 2019

Language: Английский

Citations

162
Coastal eutrophication in China: Trend, sources, and ecological effects DOI
Yujue Wang, Dongyan Liu,

Wupeng Xiao

et al.

Harmful Algae, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 107, P. 102058 - 102058

Published: June 13, 2021

Language: Английский

Citations

141