Unmasking the Deceptive Nature of Cancer Stem Cells: The Role of CD133 in Revealing Their Secrets

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(13), P. 10910 - 10910

Published: June 30, 2023

Cancer remains a leading cause of death globally, and its complexity poses significant challenge to effective treatment. stem cells their markers have become key players in tumor growth progression. CD133, marker various cancer types, is an active research area as potential therapeutic target. This article explores the role CD133 treatment, beginning with overview statistics explanation markers. The rise discussed, including structure, functions, occurrence different types. Furthermore, covers target, focusing on gene therapy, immunotherapy, approaches affect expression. Nanoparticles such gold nanoparticles nanoliposomes are also discussed context CD133-targeted therapy. In conclusion, promising target for As this progresses, it hoped that therapies will offer new treatment options patients future.

Language: Английский

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Comprehensive review of drug resistance in mammalian cancer stem cells: implications for cancer therapy

Cancer Cell International, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: Dec. 18, 2024

Cancer remains a significant global challenge, and despite the numerous strategies developed to advance cancer therapy, an effective cure for metastatic elusive. A major hurdle in treatment success is ability of cells, particularly stem cells (CSCs), resist therapy. These CSCs possess unique abilities, including self-renewal, differentiation, repair, which drive tumor progression chemotherapy resistance. The resilience linked certain signaling pathways. Tumors with pathway-dependent often develop genetic resistance, whereas those pathway-independent undergo epigenetic changes that affect gene regulation. can evade cytotoxic drugs, radiation, apoptosis by increasing drug efflux transporter activity activating survival mechanisms. Future research should prioritize identification new biomarkers molecules better understand use cutting-edge approaches, such as bioinformatics, genomics, proteomics, nanotechnology, offers potential solutions this challenge. Key include developing targeted therapies, employing nanocarriers precise delivery, focusing on CSC-targeted pathways Wnt, Notch, Hedgehog Additionally, investigating multitarget inhibitors, immunotherapy, nanodrug delivery systems critical overcoming resistance cells.

Language: Английский

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A Brief Review on Chemoresistance; Targeting Cancer Stem Cells as an Alternative Approach

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(5), P. 4487 - 4487

Published: Feb. 24, 2023

The acquisition of resistance to traditional chemotherapy and the chemoresistant metastatic relapse minimal residual disease both play a key role in treatment failure poor prognosis cancer. Understanding how cancer cells overcome chemotherapy-induced cell death is critical improve patient survival rate. Here, we briefly describe technical approach directed at obtaining lines will focus on main defense mechanisms against common triggers by tumor cells. Such as, alteration drug influx/efflux, enhancement metabolic neutralization, improvement DNA-repair mechanisms, inhibition apoptosis-related death, p53 reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels chemoresistance. Furthermore, stem (CSCs), population that subsists after chemotherapy, increasing different processes such as epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), an enhanced DNA repair machinery, capacity avoid apoptosis mediated BCL2 family proteins, BCL-XL, flexibility their metabolism. Finally, review latest approaches aimed decreasing CSCs. Nevertheless, development long-term therapies manage control CSCs populations within tumors still necessary.

Language: Английский

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Molecular Mechanisms of Dietary Compounds in Cancer Stem Cells from Solid Tumors: Insights into Colorectal, Breast, and Prostate Cancer

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(2), P. 631 - 631

Published: Jan. 13, 2025

Cancer stem cells (CSC) are known to be the main source of tumor relapse, metastasis, or multidrug resistance and mechanisms counteract eradicate them their activity remain elusive. There different hypotheses that claim origin CSC might in regular (SC) and, due accumulation mutations, these normal become malignant, any malignant cell that, under certain environmental circumstances, acquires all qualities CSC. Multiple studies indicate lifestyle diet represent a wellbeing can prevent ameliorate phenotype In this review, after brief introduction SC CSC, we analyze effects phenolic non-phenolic dietary compounds highlight molecular shown link diets activation colon, breast, prostate cancer. We focus analysis on specific markers such as sphere formation, CD surface markers, epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), Oct4, Nanog, Sox2, aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1) major signaling pathways PI3K/Akt/mTOR, NF-κB, Notch, Hedgehog, Wnt/β-catenin conclusion, better understanding how bioactive our influence dynamics raise valuable awareness towards reducing cancer risk.

Language: Английский

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An update understanding of stemness and chemoresistance of prostate cancer

Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 11, 2025

Globally, prostate cancer (CaP) is a leading cause of death and disability among men substantial public health burden. Despite advancements in treatment, chemoresistance remains significant issue therapy, accounting for the majority patient relapses poor survival. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are considered main recurrence, chemoresistance, survival patients. These CSCs acquire stemness by certain mechanisms such as enhanced DNA repair processes, increased expression drug efflux pumps, resistance to apoptosis, altered cell cycle tumor microenvironment (TME). We cover latest developments this field give an overview future research directions. show dysregulation several signaling pathways, mostly related conferring phenotype, high efflux, apoptotic resistance, quiescent cycle, microenvironment, repair. There articles published on topic. However, still, warrants further investigations identify therapeutic molecule that can either chemosensitize or kill them effectively. This only be possible when we know complete comprehend fundamental causes therapy resistance.

Language: Английский

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Breaking Barriers; Phytoestrogens in the Fight Against Triple‐Negative Breast Cancer: A Comprehensive Review

Medicinal Research Reviews, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 12, 2025

ABSTRACT The development of standard drugs for some unusual cancers, including estrogen‐nonresponsive breast cancer, is somewhat difficult within a very short time. So, considering the current situation, phytoestrogen may be potential candidate unraveling chemotherapeutics agents. reason this review article to manifest overall information regarding effects on triple‐negative cancer (TNBC), along with its related cellular and molecular pathways in different TNBC models. Data was retrieved by systematic searches according PRISMA guidelines, commonly used tools servers are BioRender, ChemDraw professional 16.0, Schrodinger, ADMETlab 2.0. caused due dysregulation several signaling mechanisms such as Wnt/β‐catenin, hedgehog, MAPK, notch, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, hippo, NF‐κB, JAK/STAT cascades. Among all phytoestrogens ( n = 150), 48 compounds therapeutically effective vitro preclinical Chemotherapeutics activities regulated through varieties mechanisms, targeting phosphor‐Akt, TNF‐α; apoptosis FASL, Bcl2, Bax, Bak, Bad, apfa1, ASK1, Capase, PARP; metastasis MMPs (1,2,3,9), Wnt/‐β catenin, angiogenesis (E&N Cadherin, Vimentin), cell proliferation (cyclins‐A, B1, D1, E1, CDKs 1, 6,7), inflammatory molecules (TNF‐α, IL‐1β, IL‐8), regulating tumor suppressor genes (p21, p27, p51, p53) nonspecific like DNA damage repair (γH2AX, RAD51, surviving), autophagy (mTOR, ULK1, cathepsin B), epigenetic (HDAC1, DNMT1, telomerase production) metabolism regulation (glucose regulation‐GLUT1 GLUT4), showing antioxidant many other pathways. Some selective exert synergistic conventional well radiotherapy mechanism reverse drug resistance EMT process, pathways, sensitizing, miRNA regulation, improving uptake. Nano‐based can target cells, stimulate accumulation, improve efficacies, making more agents treating TNBC. Additionally, an in‐silico pharmacokinetics study reveals that possesses suitable pharmacokinetic characteristics minor toxicity. against until fully pharma available at markets.

Language: Английский

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Role and Therapeutic Implication of Hedgehog Signalling Pathway in Cancer

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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The Importance of Cancer Stem Cells and Their Pathways in Endometrial Cancer: A Narrative Review

Cells, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(8), P. 594 - 594

Published: April 14, 2025

Endometrial cancer is one of the most common malignancies seen in women developed countries. While patients early stages this show better responses to surgery, adjuvant hormonal therapy, and chemotherapy, with recurrence treatment resistance. Researchers have recently focused on stem cells (CSCs) gynecologic general but also specifically endometrial cancer. CSCs been investigated because their resistance conventional therapies, such as chemo- radiotherapy, ability induce progression malignancy. The activation alternative pathways, WNT, PI3K, NF-kB, or NOTCH, could be basis acquisition these abilities CSCs. Their specific markers signaling pathways targets for In article, we discuss importance obtaining a understanding molecular role CSCs, aiming discover more therapeutic approaches.

Language: Английский

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Characterization and targeting of chemoresistant triple-negative breast cancer subtypes using amino-pyridine compounds

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of Disease, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 167899 - 167899

Published: May 1, 2025

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly heterogeneous disease with limited treatment options and high relapse rates due to chemoresistance the presence of stem cells (CSCs). This study explores molecular profile invasive properties two TNBC cell lines, MDA-MB-231 (Basal-Like 1; BL1 subtype) HCC1806 (BL2 subtype), as well their chemotherapy-resistant derivatives (doxorubicin paclitaxel). Both lines exhibited CD44+ CD24-/low profiles significant differences in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers. Chemoresistant variants changes CSC markers, EMT genes, ALDH activity, particularly upregulation CD133, suggesting its role chemoresistance. Analysis embryonic pathways revealed prominent Sonic Hedgehog signaling, BL2 subtype. Resistant models also increased Notch receptor expression. examined novel polyamine compounds an amino-pyridine structure. These showed cytotoxicity against both sensitive resistant cells, enhancing efficacy standard chemotherapeutics (paclitaxel doxorubicin). Additionally, they reduced stem-like self-renewal capacity CSCs. comprehensive characterization chemoresistant underscores heterogeneity highlights potential therapeutic targets strategies enhance overcome resistance.

Language: Английский

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Multi-omic analysis reveals a CAF-stemness-governed classification in HCC liver transplant recipients beyond the Milan criteria

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: May 12, 2025

Language: Английский

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