Arachidonic acid metabolism in health and disease

MedComm, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 4(5)

Published: Sept. 20, 2023

Arachidonic acid (AA), an n-6 essential fatty acid, is a major component of mammalian cells and can be released by phospholipase A2. Accumulating evidence indicates that AA plays biochemical roles, as it the direct precursor bioactive lipid metabolites eicosanoids such prostaglandins, leukotrienes, epoxyeicosatrienoic obtained from three distinct enzymatic metabolic pathways: cyclooxygenase pathway, lipoxygenase cytochrome P450 pathway. metabolism involved not only in cell differentiation, tissue development, organ function but also progression diseases, hepatic fibrosis, neurodegeneration, obesity, diabetes, cancers. These are generally considered proinflammatory molecules, they trigger oxidative stress stimulate immune response. Therefore, interventions pathways effective ways to manage inflammatory-related diseases clinic. Currently, inhibitors targeting enzymes related important area drug discovery. Moreover, many advances have been made clinical studies combination with chemotherapy immunotherapy. Herein, we review discovery focus on relation health diseases. Furthermore, summarized, potential applications discussed.

Language: Английский

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Identification of the Pharmacological Components and Its Targets of Sanghuang by Integration of Nontarget Metabolomics and Network Pharmacology Analysis

Biomedical Chromatography, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 39(2)

Published: Jan. 2, 2025

The objective of this study is to comprehensively identify the core pharmacological components and their respective targets three medicinal fungi Sanghuangs including Sanghuangporus vaninii (SV), lonicericola (SL), Inonotus hispidus (IH). Metabolomics analysis indicated that a total 495 660 differential metabolites were obtained in mycelium fermentation broth samples among Sanghuangs, respectively. network pharmacology showed 6-[1]-ladderane hexanol, R-nostrenol, candidone, ellagic acid, quercetin overlapping active ingredients Sanghuang species for diabetes mellitus, immune system disease, neoplasm. Certonardosterol A, dalamid, ethylene brassylate are unique SV, certonardosterol K, kaempferide, esculetin SL. Asbestinine, neoandrographolide, isosakuranetin, daucosterin IH. Accordingly, common ESR1, PIK3CA, LYN. PRKCA, EGFR, STAT3 SL, IH, primary targets, addition component-target interaction have been identified present study, provide foundation future research on prevention treatment disease using Sanghuangs.

Language: Английский

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Prostaglandins: Biological Action, Therapeutic Aspects, and Pathophysiology of Autism Spectrum Disorders

Current Issues in Molecular Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 47(2), P. 71 - 71

Published: Jan. 21, 2025

Esterified ARA on the inner surface of cell membrane is hydrolyzed to its free form by phospholipase A2 (PLA2), which further metabolized COXs and lipoxygenases (LOXs) cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes. PGs produce detrimental effects due their proinflammatory properties. The generation prostaglandin (PG)G2 PGH2 triggered cyclooxygenase (COX) isozymes such as COX-1 COX-2. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) significantly elevated in ASD. Considerable data indicate that COX enzymes metabolites play important roles initiation development human neurodevelopmental diseases. involvement disrupted COX2/PGE2 signaling ASD pathology changing neuronal behavior expression ASD-related genes proteins signaling. Prostacyclin (PGI2) synthesized from arachidonic acid metabolic-pathway-dependent a primary step transformation (PGG2, PGH2), degradation abovementioned prostaglandins.

Language: Английский

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Metabolic phenotypes and fatty acid profiles associated with histopathology of primary aldosteronism

Hypertension Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 13, 2025

Language: Английский

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Neurotoxic effects of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) mixture exposure in mice: accumulations in brain and associated changes of behaviors, metabolome, and transcriptome

Journal of Hazardous Materials, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 489, P. 137699 - 137699

Published: Feb. 20, 2025

Language: Английский

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Unveiling drug induced nephrotoxicity using novel biomarkers and cutting-edge preventive strategies

Chemico-Biological Interactions, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 388, P. 110838 - 110838

Published: Dec. 16, 2023

Drug-induced nephrotoxicity is still a significant obstacle in pharmacotherapy of various diseases and it accounts for around 25 % serious side-effects reported after drug administration. Furthermore, some groups drugs such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, antibiotics, antiviral antifungal immunosuppressants, chemotherapeutic have the "preference" damaging kidney are often referred to kidney's "silent killer". Clinically, onset acute injury associated with administration registered approximately 20 patients many them develop chronic disease vulnerability. However, current knowledge about mechanisms underlying this dangerous phenomenon insufficient unknowns. Hence, valuable use these clinical practice significantly limited. The main aim study draw attention commonly prescribed nephrotoxic by clinicians or bought over counter. In addition, complex relationship between immunological, vascular inflammatory events that promote damage discussed. practical could be implemented engineering novel biomarkers early detection drug-associated Kidney Injury Molecule (KIM-1), lipocalin neutrophil gelatinase (NGAL) microRNAs. utilization artificial intelligence (AI) development computer algorithms detect at an stage should further explored. Therefore, comprehensive review provides new outlook on opens door research potential natural products prevention drug-induced accessible education.

Language: Английский

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Algal lipids: A review on current status and future prospects in food processing

Journal of Food Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 90(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Abstract The consumer demand for functional foods derived from natural sources has been enhanced due to health‐promoting effects. Algae are widely available globally as a sustainable source of proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates. Algal lipids underexplored that exhibit several nutraceutical effects applications in fortification, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals. Both macro‐ microalgae composed high‐quality lipids. These latter involve polar nonpolar essential fatty acids. Therefore, this review aimed bring out knowledge on the chemistry various isolated identified micro‐ macroalgae. Further, their extraction using traditional thermal (solid–liquid, liquid–liquid) advanced nonthermal (supercritical fluid, microwave‐, ultrasound‐, enzyme‐assisted) techniques explored. Along with this, bioactivities algal have discussed. This study explored advancing food processing technologies contribute positively environmental sustainability global health, line United Nations Sustainable Development GroupUnited Group UNSDGs.

Language: Английский

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Comprehensive multi-omics, behavioral and morphological analysis of the hazards of nano-plastics in mice with internal carotid artery occlusion

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 289, P. 117711 - 117711

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Accumulation of nanoplastics (NPs) poses a severe threat to the homeostasis internal environment in patients with chronic diseases. The effects NP contamination on health chronically ill populations must urgently be elucidated. In this study, NPs injected via tail vein were distributed brain and organs mouse model carotid occlusion. Mice artery occlusion exposed showed behavioral abnormalities, such as depression anxiety, thus indicating detrimental brain. Subsequently, we used proteomics metabolomics analyze specific mechanisms underlying damaging deposition findings helped explain differences biochemical responses at microscopic level mice after exposure. not only accumulated caused pathologic damage, but also contributed accelerating atherosclerosis This work confirms risk elucidates mechanism harm; moreover, it provides theoretical support for developing strategies decrease microplastic intake

Language: Английский

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Comprehensive Analysis of Fecal Microbiome and Metabolomics Uncovered dl-Norvaline-Ameliorated Obesity-Associated Disorders in High-Fat Diet-Fed Obese Mice by Targeting the Gut Microbiota

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 14, 2025

Norvaline is a nonproteinogenic amino acid and an important food ingredient supplement for healthy food. In this study, dl-norvaline administration reduced body weight by more than 40% improved glucose metabolism energy in obese mice induced high-fat diet (HFD). Combination analysis of microbiome metabolomics showed that supplementation regulated gut bacteria structure, such as increasing beneficial (Mollicutes_RF39, Ruminococcaceae, Bacteroidaceae, Rikenellaceae, Lactobacillaceae, Clostridiaceae_1, uncultured_bacterium_f_Muribaculaceae, Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group) decreasing harmful (Fusobacteriia, Desulfovibrionales, Enterobacteriaceae, Burkholderiaceae, Helicobacteraceae, Veillonellaceae) modulated the metabolites involved arachidonic metabolism, thus further promoting short-chain fatty production improving barrier, thereby inflammatory responses oxidative stress were ameliorated. addition, pseudogerm-free mouse model verified ameliorated obesity-associated disorders HFD-fed targeting microbiota. These results clarified may be promising developing innovating potential functional products.

Language: Английский

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Unveiling potential biomarkers and associated health risks of chronic experimental exposure to environmentally relevant concentration of Metalaxyl: An untargeted metabolomics approach

Journal of Hazardous Materials Advances, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 100615 - 100615

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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