Tumor-derived vesicles in immune modulation: focus on signaling pathways DOI Creative Commons
Fei Yin,

Yangfang He,

Yue Qiao

et al.

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: May 15, 2025

Tumor-derived extracellular vesicles (TDEVs) represent a heterogeneous population of (EVs), including exosomes, microvesicles, and apoptotic bodies, which are essential for tumor growth. EVs function as natural carriers bioactive molecules, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids, enabling them to influence regulate complex cellular interactions within the microenvironment (TME). The TDEVs mainly have immunosuppressive functions result inhibitory signals disrupting immune cell anti-tumor activity. They enhance progression evasion by inhibiting effector cells altering critical processes recruitment, polarization, functional suppression different signaling pathways. In this sense, modulate NF-κB pathway, promoting inflammation inducing evasion. Janus kinase (JAK)-signal transducer activator transcription (STAT) is required TDEV-mediated manifestation tumor-supporting features. phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein B (Akt)/mammalian target rapamycin (mTOR) signaling, necessary metabolic reprogramming, orchestrated TDEV abrogate response drive cancer proliferation. Finally, exosomal cargo can NOD-, LRR-, pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, activating pro-inflammatory responses that development immunomodulation. review, we take deep dive into how affect key We also examine emerging therapeutic approaches aimed at EV-mediated pathways, offering promising avenues novel EV-based immunotherapy.

Language: Английский

Extracellular vesicles in Helicobacter pylori-mediated diseases: mechanisms and therapeutic potential DOI Creative Commons
Jianjun Wang, Xiuping Wang, Hao Luo

et al.

Cell Communication and Signaling, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: Feb. 11, 2025

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are relevant elements for cell-to-cell communication and considered crucial in host-pathogen interactions by transferring molecules between the pathogen host during infections. These structures participate various physiological pathological processes promising candidates as disease markers, therapeutic reagents, drug carriers. Both H. pylori epithelial cells infected secrete EVs, which contribute to inflammation development of phenotypes. However, many aspects cellular molecular biology EV functions remain incompletely understood due methodological challenges studying these small structures. This review also highlights roles EVs derived from pylori-infected pathogenesis gastric extragastric diseases. Understanding specific infections, whether advantageous or pathogen, may help new approaches prevent disease.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Exosome: an overview on enhanced biogenesis by small molecules DOI

Amir Bavafa,

Maryam Izadpanahi,

Elham Hosseini

et al.

Naunyn-Schmiedeberg s Archives of Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 25, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Liquid Biopsy in Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumors—Potential Biomarkers for Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Therapy DOI Open Access
Ligia Gabriela Tătăranu

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(9), P. 4058 - 4058

Published: April 25, 2025

Pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs) are slow-growing neoplasms with various clinical presentations, often leading to diagnostic challenges. While neuroimaging assessment and histopathological evaluation remain the gold standard for diagnosis, emerging research highlights potential of liquid biopsy, mainly through analysis circulating non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), as a promising prognostic tool. Recent studies have demonstrated distinct expression profiles in different types subtypes tumors, implications assessing tumor aggressiveness predicting treatment response. The current article summarizes data about biofluid markers implicated PitNET development, DNA (ctDNA), cell-free (cfRNA), cells (CTCs), exosomes. Many on genetic molecular tissue samples provide exciting information biology, but date, specific biopsy biomarkers still few. Over past years, certain understanding mechanisms involved pituitary tumorigenesis has been gained, including landscape genomic alterations, changes epigenetic profile, crucial molecules signaling pathways, RNA critical roles malignant transformation. Genetic characterization PitNETs could help distinguish between functional non-functional PitNETs, invasive non-invasive forms. Further required identify validate innovative or therapeutic targets treating PitNET. Integrating into workflows revolutionize management adenomas, enabling more personalized less strategies.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Harnessing Exosomes: A Brief Overview of Nature’s Nanocarriers and a Glimpse into Their Implications in Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumors (PitNETs) DOI Creative Commons
Ligia Gabriela Tătăranu

Current Issues in Molecular Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 47(5), P. 310 - 310

Published: April 28, 2025

The study of exosomes is currently an area major interest in the scientific world, especially after discovery their function as natural nanocarriers. Their intrinsic features regulating intricate intracellular pathways have put them spotlight last decade, and it has been considered that by harnessing them, future cellular communication therapeutic innovation will experience a breakthrough, leading to pioneering research. However, demonstrated various important roles, from conferring resistance viral infections human placenta transfer oncogenic signals between cells, reshaping metabolism, promoting angiogenesis, mediating immune evasion, serving biomarkers cancer diagnosis prognosis, having implications management certain diseases. Besides general overview nature’s nanocarriers functions, this article aims discuss PitNETs, since there many recent studies regarding clinical benefits biomolecular medicine.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Tumor-derived vesicles in immune modulation: focus on signaling pathways DOI Creative Commons
Fei Yin,

Yangfang He,

Yue Qiao

et al.

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: May 15, 2025

Tumor-derived extracellular vesicles (TDEVs) represent a heterogeneous population of (EVs), including exosomes, microvesicles, and apoptotic bodies, which are essential for tumor growth. EVs function as natural carriers bioactive molecules, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids, enabling them to influence regulate complex cellular interactions within the microenvironment (TME). The TDEVs mainly have immunosuppressive functions result inhibitory signals disrupting immune cell anti-tumor activity. They enhance progression evasion by inhibiting effector cells altering critical processes recruitment, polarization, functional suppression different signaling pathways. In this sense, modulate NF-κB pathway, promoting inflammation inducing evasion. Janus kinase (JAK)-signal transducer activator transcription (STAT) is required TDEV-mediated manifestation tumor-supporting features. phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein B (Akt)/mammalian target rapamycin (mTOR) signaling, necessary metabolic reprogramming, orchestrated TDEV abrogate response drive cancer proliferation. Finally, exosomal cargo can NOD-, LRR-, pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, activating pro-inflammatory responses that development immunomodulation. review, we take deep dive into how affect key We also examine emerging therapeutic approaches aimed at EV-mediated pathways, offering promising avenues novel EV-based immunotherapy.

Language: Английский

Citations

0