Boosting Ferroptosis Therapy with Iridium Single‐Atom Nanocatalyst in Ultralow Metal Content

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 35(17)

Published: Jan. 31, 2023

Nanocatalysts are promising tumor therapeutics due to their ability induce reactive oxygen species in the microenvironment. Although increasing metal loading can improve catalytic activity, quandary of high content versus potential systemic biotoxicity remains challenging. Here, a fully exposed active site strategy by site-specific anchoring single iridium (Ir) atoms on outer surface nitrogen-doped carbon composite (Ir single-atom catalyst (SAC)) is reported achieve remarkable performance at ultralow (≈0.11%). The Ir SAC exhibits prominent dual enzymatic activities mimic peroxidase and glutathione peroxidase, which catalyzes conversion endogenous H2 O2 into •OH acidic TME depletes (GSH) simultaneously. With an advanced support GSH-trapping platinum(IV) encapsulation with red-blood-cell membrane, this nanocatalytic agent (Pt@IrSAC/RBC) causes intense lipid peroxidation that boosts cell ferroptosis. Pt@IrSAC/RBC demonstrates superior therapeutic efficacy mouse triple-negative mammary carcinoma model, resulting complete ablation treatment session negligible side effects. These outcomes may provide valuable insights design nanocatalysts biosafety for biomedical applications.

Language: Английский

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Recent achievements in synthesis of anthracene scaffolds catalyzed transition metals

Frontiers in Chemistry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: March 3, 2025

In the last 10 years, synthesis of anthracene scaffolds has attracted considerable interest because their distinctive electronic characteristics and various uses in organic electronics, photovoltaics, therapeutics. Anthracene, a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, is valued for its lightweight, stability, electron transport capabilities, making it key building block advanced materials. Traditional methods often face challenges such as low selectivity harsh conditions. However, recent advancements transition metal-catalyzed reactions have transformed field, offering more efficient versatile approaches. This review examines methodologies utilizing metal catalysts like palladium, zinc, indium, cobalt, gold, iridium, rhodium ruthenium, which enabled novel synthetic pathways selective formation substituted anthracenes through cross-coupling reactions. The function ligands, including phosphines N-heterocyclic carbenes, improving reaction efficiency also examined. shift towards greener noted, with focus on minimizing waste reducing toxic reagents. Several case studies demonstrate successful application these techniques, highlighting structural diversity functional potential derivatives applications.

Language: Английский

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Chrysophanol: A Natural Anthraquinone with Multifaceted Biotherapeutic Potential

Biomolecules, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 9(2), P. 68 - 68

Published: Feb. 18, 2019

Chrysophanol is a unique anthraquinone having broad-spectrum therapeutic potential along with ecological importance. It the first polyketide that has been reported to be biosynthesized in an organism-specific manner. The traditional Chinese and Korean medicinal systems provide evidence of beneficial effects chrysophanol on human health. global distribution encountered two domains life (bacteria eukaryota) motivated researchers critically evaluate properties this compound. A plethora literature available pharmacological chrysophanol, which include anticancer, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, antiulcer, antimicrobial activities. However, pharmacokinetics toxicity studies demand further investigations for it used as drug. This comprehensive review natural sources, biosynthetic pathways, pharmacology chrysophanol. Here we reviewed recent advancements made Additionally, have highlighted knowledge gaps its mechanism action against diseases aspects.

Language: Английский

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Health functions and structure–activity relationships of natural anthraquinones from plants

Food & Function, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 9(12), P. 6063 - 6080

Published: Jan. 1, 2018

Anthraquinone compounds with the anthraquinone ring structure are widely found in traditional Chinese medicines and they attracting a lot of attention due to their good pharmacological activity. Diversities anthraquinones depend on chemical structures, such as number rings substituents; what's more, difference determines physiological Based results previous studies, this review summarizes several natural identified from herbal activities including anti-cancer, anti-pathogenic microorganisms, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidation, anti-osteoporosis, anti-depression, anti-constipation. The source, effect, model, action mechanism active described detail, which structure-activity relationship is summarized. By analyzing between function, we that, whole structure, glycosides have significant anticancer activity anti-constipation activity, while for substituents, substituted by alizarin antioxidant polarity substituents closely related antibacterial activities.

Language: Английский

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Naphthoquinones, benzoquinones, and anthraquinones: Molecular docking, ADME and inhibition studies on human serum paraoxonase‐1 associated with cardiovascular diseases

Drug Development Research, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 81(5), P. 628 - 636

Published: March 31, 2020

Abstract Paraoxonase‐1 (PON1) has essential roles such as protecting low‐density lipoprotein against detoxification and oxidation of highly toxic compounds. Quinones are a class compounds type plant‐derived secondary metabolites. Here, PON1 was purified using very simple methods evaluation the interactions between enzyme some quinones. It found that these quinones displayed effective inhibitor properties for with IC 50 values in range 3.27–82.90 μM K i 2.50 ± 0.65 to 30.90 7.20 μM. These distinct inhibition mechanisms. determined except 5‐hydroxy‐2‐methyl‐1,4‐naphthoquinone 2‐methyl‐1,4‐naphthoquinone all exhibit competitive effects. Also, molecular docking silico ADME studies were performed. Usage drugs including quinone derivatives structure biological activity would be hazardous cases.

Language: Английский

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Journey of anthraquinones as anticancer agents – a systematic review of recent literature

RSC Advances, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 11(57), P. 35806 - 35827

Published: Jan. 1, 2021

Anthraquinones are privileged chemical motifs with diverse therapeutic applications, especially in the treatment of cancer. The extensive literature highlights significance anthraquinones as potent anticancer agents.

Language: Английский

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Anthraquinones: An Overview

Studies in natural products chemistry, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 313 - 338

Published: Jan. 1, 2018

Language: Английский

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Phytochemicals from Plant Foods as Potential Source of Antiviral Agents: An Overview

Pharmaceuticals, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 14(4), P. 381 - 381

Published: April 19, 2021

To date, the leading causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide include viral infections, such as Ebola, influenza virus, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), severe acute respiratory (SARS) recently COVID-19 disease, caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus. Currently, we can count on a narrow range antiviral drugs, especially older generation ones like ribavirin interferon which are effective against viruses in vitro but often be ineffective patients. In addition to these, have agents for treatment herpes HIV hepatitis Recently, drugs used past ebolavirus, remdesivir favipiravir, been considered disease. However, even if these represent important tools diseases, they certainly not sufficient defend us from multitude present environment. This represents huge problem, considering unprecedented global threat due advancement COVID-19, potential risk health life millions people. The demand, therefore, new is very high. review focuses three fundamental points: (1) presents main threats human health, reviewing most widespread diseases world, thus describing scenario disease question each time evaluating specific therapeutic remedies currently available. (2) It comprehensively describes phytochemical classes, particular plant foods, with proven activities, potentially treated described phytochemicals. (3) Consideration various applications drug delivery systems order improve bioavailability compounds or extracts. A PRISMA flow diagram was inclusion works. Taking into consideration recent dramatic events pandemic, cry alarm that denounces critical need extremely strong. For reasons, continuous systematic exploration foods their phytochemicals necessary development capable saving lives improving well-being.

Language: Английский

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Anthraquinone removal by a metal-organic framework/polyvinyl alcohol cryogel-immobilized laccase: Effect and mechanism exploration

Chemical Engineering Journal, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 418, P. 129473 - 129473

Published: March 24, 2021

Language: Английский

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Is Emodin with Anticancer Effects Completely Innocent? Two Sides of the Coin

Cancers, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(11), P. 2733 - 2733

Published: May 31, 2021

Many anticancer active compounds are known to have the capacity destroy pathologically proliferating cancer cells in body, as well rapidly normal cells. Despite remarkable advances research over past few decades, inclusion of natural researches potential drug candidates is becoming increasingly important. However, perception that reliable an issue needs be clarified. Among various chemical classes products, anthraquinones many biological activities and also been proven exhibit a unique activity. Emodin, anthraquinone derivative, compound found roots rhizomes plants. The property emodin, broad-spectrum inhibitory agent cells, has detailed pathways. In these molecular mechanisms consist suppressing cell growth proliferation through attenuation oncogenic signaling, such protein kinase B (AKT), mitogen-activated (MAPK), HER-2 tyrosine kinase, Wnt/-catenin, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K). it which shows toxicity may cause kidney toxicity, hepatotoxicity, reproductive especially at high doses long-term use. At same time, studies poor oral bioavailability, transform this disadvantage into advantage with nano-carrier systems reveal not always directly usable compounds. Consequently, review aimed shed light on anti-proliferative anti-carcinogenic properties its toxicities advantages delivery bioavailability.

Language: Английский

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