Extracellular Vesicles: A New Star for Gene Drug Delivery

International Journal of Nanomedicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: Volume 19, P. 2241 - 2264

Published: March 1, 2024

Abstract: Recently, gene therapy has become a subject of considerable research and been widely evaluated in various disease models. Though it is considered as stand-alone agent for COVID-19 vaccination, still suffering from the following drawbacks during its translation bench to bedside: high sensitivity exogenous nucleic acids enzymatic degradation; severe side effects induced either by or components formulation; difficulty cross barriers before reaching therapeutic target. Therefore, successful application therapy, safe reliable transport vector urgently needed. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are ideal candidate delivery drugs owing their low immunogenicity, good biocompatibility toxicity. To better understand properties EVs advantages drug vehicles, this review covers origin methods generation, well common isolation purification research, with pros cons discussed. Meanwhile, engineering also highlighted. In addition, paper presents progress EVs-mediated microRNAs, small interfering RNAs, messenger plasmids, antisense oligonucleotides. We believe will provide theoretical basis development drugs. Keywords: extracellular vesicles, system,

Language: Английский

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Extracellular vesicles in skin health, diseases, and aging

Deleted Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 2(3)

Published: May 29, 2024

Abstract The skin interfaces with the external environment, acting as both a physical barrier and an immunologic defense. dynamic interactions between various cell types are essential for homeostasis function. Emerging research has unveiled significant role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) key mediators communication in regulating many aspects physiological pathological processes. In this review, we provide overview recent advances understanding roles EVs health, aging, diseases, discuss natural engineered disease treatment along potential challenges. burgeoning area may expand new therapeutic approaches disorders open avenues personalized skincare treatments.

Language: Английский

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Advances of exosomes in diabetic wound healing

Burns & Trauma, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Poor wound healing is a refractory process that places an enormous medical and financial burden on diabetic patients. Exosomes have recently been recognized as crucial players in the of lesions. They excellent stability, homing effects, biocompatibility, reduced immunogenicity novel cell-free therapies. In addition to transporting cargos target cells enhance intercellular communication, exosomes are beneficial nearly every phase healing. participate modulating inflammatory response, accelerating proliferation reepithelization, increasing angiogenesis, regulating extracellular matrix remodeling. Accumulating evidence indicates hydrogels or dressings conjunction with can prolong duration exosome residency wounds. This review provides overview mechanisms, delivery, clinical application, engineering, existing challenges use repair. We also propose future directions for biomaterials incorporating exosomes: 2D 3D scaffolds, loaded healing-promoting gases, intelligent biomaterials, prospect systematic application exosomes. These findings may might shed light treatments enlighten some studies improve quality life among diabetes

Language: Английский

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Extracellular vesicle biopotentiated hydrogels for diabetic wound healing: The art of living nanomaterials combined with soft scaffolds

Materials Today Bio, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 23, P. 100810 - 100810

Published: Sept. 22, 2023

Diabetic wounds (DWs) pose a major challenge for the public health system owing to their high incidence, complex pathogenesis, and long recovery time; thus, there is an urgent need develop innovative therapies accelerate healing process of diabetic wounds. As natural nanovesicles, extracellular vesicles (EVs) are rich in sources with low immunogenicity abundant nutritive molecules exert potent therapeutic effects on wound healing. To avoid rapid removal EVs, suitable delivery required controlled release. Owing advantages porosity, good biocompatibility, adjustable physical chemical properties hydrogels, EV biopotentiated hydrogels can aid achieving precise favorable therapy against This review highlights different design strategies, effects, mechanisms hydrogels. We also discussed future challenges opportunities using

Language: Английский

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Extracellular vesicles modulate key signalling pathways in refractory wound healing

Burns & Trauma, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Abstract Chronic wounds are that cannot heal properly due to various factors, such as underlying diseases, infection or reinjury, and improper healing of skin ulcers can cause a serious economic burden. Numerous studies have shown extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from stem/progenitor cells promote wound healing, reduce scar formation significant advantages over traditional treatment methods. EVs membranous particles carry bioactive molecules their cellular origins, cytokines, nucleic acids, enzymes, lipids proteins. mediate cell-to-cell communication modulate physiological processes, cell differentiation, angiogenesis, immune response tissue remodelling. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in EV-based focusing on signalling pathways regulated by cargos. We discuss how different types modulating Wnt/β-catenin, phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target rapamycin, vascular endothelial growth factor, transforming factor β JAK–STAT pathways. Moreover, also highlight challenges opportunities for engineering modifying enhance efficacy specificity healing.

Language: Английский

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Mesenchymal Stem Cell Derived Exosomes Therapy in Diabetic Wound Repair

International Journal of Nanomedicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: Volume 18, P. 2707 - 2720

Published: May 1, 2023

Abstract: Nowadays, refractory diabetic wounds cause a worldwide medical burden. Mesenchymal stem cells derived exosomes (MSC-Exos) show promise as solid alternative to existing therapeutics in the latest researches, since MSC-Exos share similar biologic activity but less immunogenicity when compared with MSCs. To facilitate further understanding and application, it is essential summarize current progress limitations of treatment wounds. In this review, we introduce effects different on according their origins contents discuss specific experimental conditions, target wound cells/pathways, mechanisms. addition, paper focuses combination biomaterials, which improves efficacy utilization therapy. Together, exosome therapy has high clinical value application prospects, both its role while novel drugs or molecules loaded into carriers targeting will be development trends. Keywords: wound, mesenchymal cell, exosome, biomaterial

Language: Английский

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Investigation of the phytochemical composition, antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-osteoarthritis, and wound healing activities of selected vegetable waste

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Aug. 10, 2023

Abstract Agri-food wastes, produced following industrial food processing, are mostly discarded, leading to environmental hazards and losing the nutritional medicinal values associated with their bioactive constituents. In this study, we performed a comprehensive analytical biological evaluation of selected vegetable by-products (potato, onion, garlic peels). The phytochemical analysis included UHPLC-ESI-qTOF-MS/MS in combination molecular networking determination total flavonoid phenolic contents. Further, antimicrobial, anti-osteoarthritis wound healing potentials were also evaluated. total, 47 compounds identified, belonging acids, flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids as representative chemical classes. Onion peel extract (OPE) showed higher polyphenolic contents, promising antioxidant activity, potential antimicrobial especially against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Furthermore, OPE revealed have vivo restoring tissue physiology integrity, mainly through activation AP-1 signaling pathway. Lastly, when was loaded nanocapsule based hydrogel, nano-formulation enhanced cellular viability. affinities major metabolites evaluated both p65 ATF-2 targets using two different docking processes revealing quercetin-3,4′- O -diglucoside, alliospiroside C, D most entities superior binding scores. These results demonstrate that by-products, particularly, those derived from onion peels can be incorporated natural by-product for future wounds osteoarthritis.

Language: Английский

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Aloe vera peel-derived nanovesicles display anti-inflammatory properties and prevent myofibroblast differentiation

Phytomedicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 122, P. 155108 - 155108

Published: Sept. 21, 2023

Language: Английский

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Significant Enhancement of Fibroblast Migration, Invasion, and Proliferation by Exosomes Loaded with Human Fibroblast Growth Factor 1

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(2), P. 1969 - 1984

Published: Jan. 5, 2024

Exosomes possess several inherent properties that make them ideal for biomedical applications, including robust stability, biocompatibility, minimal immunogenicity, and the ability to cross biological barriers. These natural nanoparticles have recently been developed as drug delivery vesicles. To do so, therapeutic molecules must be efficiently loaded into exosomes first. Very recently, we a cell-penetrating peptide (CPP)-based platform loading of nucleic acids small by taking advantage membrane-penetration power CPPs. Here, extended this simple but effective protein cargo isolated from either mesenchymal stem cells three different sources or two cancer cell lines. The is fusion YARA–FGF1–GFP through covalent conjugation model CPP called YARA human fibroblast growth factor 1 (FGF1) green fluorescence (GFP). Loading was time-dependent reached maximum about 1600 in each exosome after 16 h. ladened were effectively internalized mammalian cells, subsequently, delivered intracellularly. In comparison YARA, YARA–FGF1–GFP, unloaded exosomes, with substantially promoted migration, proliferation, invasion capabilities mouse fibroblasts, which are important factors wound repair. work our CPP-based exosomal established foundation developing novel wound-healing therapies using FGF1 other factors.

Language: Английский

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Different origin-derived exosomes and their clinical advantages in cancer therapy

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: June 27, 2024

Exosomes, as a class of small extracellular vesicles closely related to the biological behavior various types tumors, are currently attracting research attention in cancer diagnosis and treatment. Regarding diagnosis, stability their membrane structure wide distribution body fluids render exosomes promising biomarkers. It is expected that exosome-based liquid biopsy will become an important tool for tumor future. For treatment, exosomes, “golden communicators” between cells, can be designed deliver different drugs, aiming achieve low-toxicity low-immunogenicity targeted delivery. Signaling pathways exosome contents also used safer more effective immunotherapy against tumors. Exosomes derived from range sources, exhibit characteristics well clinical application advantages therapies. In this review, we analyzed main sources have great potential broad prospects therapy. Moreover, compared therapeutic advantages, providing new ideas exosomes.

Language: Английский

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