Frontiers in Pharmacology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15
Published: Dec. 23, 2024
Bone
homeostasis
encompasses
two
interrelated
aspects:
bone
remodeling
and
cartilage
metabolism.
Disruption
of
can
lead
to
the
development
metabolic
diseases
such
as
osteoporosis
osteoarthritis.
The
maintenance
is
a
complex
process
that
does
not
solely
rely
on
functions
tissue
itself.
In
fact,
an
isolated
entity;
it
closely
connected
other
tissues
in
body
via
exosomes.
Within
this
interconnectivity,
exosomes
derived
from
both
non-bone
cells
interfere
with
each
other,
forming
regulatory
network.
Therefore,
cell
origin
guiding
principle,
we
have
delineated
network
exosomes,
elaborated
specific
roles
mechanisms
common
types
(cells
within
skeletal
microenvironment,
stem
extra-osseous
tissues,
vascular-derived
cells,
muscle-derived
neurogenic
cells)
formation,
resorption,
We
also
discussed
challenges
faced
field
exosome
research
related
homeostasis,
unveiled
critical
role
maintaining
proposed
could
serve
highly
valuable
therapeutic
targets
for
diseases.
Military Medical Research,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
12(1)
Published: March 3, 2025
Abstract
Bone
tissue
relies
on
the
intricate
interplay
between
blood
vessels
and
nerve
fibers,
both
are
essential
for
many
physiological
pathological
processes
of
skeletal
system.
Blood
provide
necessary
oxygen
nutrients
to
bone
tissues,
remove
metabolic
waste.
Concomitantly,
fibers
precede
during
growth,
promote
vascularization,
influence
cells
by
secreting
neurotransmitters
stimulate
osteogenesis.
Despite
critical
roles
components,
current
biomaterials
generally
focus
enhancing
intraosseous
vessel
repair,
while
often
neglecting
contribution
nerves.
Understanding
distribution
main
functions
in
is
crucial
developing
effective
engineering.
This
review
first
explores
anatomy
highlighting
their
vital
embryonic
development,
metabolism,
repair.
It
covers
innovative
regeneration
strategies
directed
at
accelerating
intrabony
neurovascular
system
over
past
10
years.
The
issues
covered
included
material
properties
(stiffness,
surface
topography,
pore
structures,
conductivity,
piezoelectricity)
acellular
biological
factors
[neurotrophins,
peptides,
ribonucleic
acids
(RNAs),
inorganic
ions,
exosomes].
Major
challenges
encountered
neurovascularized
materials
clinical
translation
have
also
been
highlighted.
Furthermore,
discusses
future
research
directions
potential
developments
aimed
producing
repair
that
more
accurately
mimic
natural
healing
tissue.
will
serve
as
a
valuable
reference
researchers
clinicians
novel
into
practice.
By
bridging
gap
experimental
practical
application,
these
advancements
transform
treatment
defects
significantly
improve
quality
life
patients
with
bone-related
conditions.
Small Methods,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: May 19, 2024
Organ-on-a-chip,
also
known
as
"tissue
chip,"
is
an
advanced
platform
based
on
microfluidic
systems
for
constructing
miniature
organ
models
in
vitro.
They
can
replicate
the
complex
physiological
and
pathological
responses
of
human
organs.
In
recent
years,
development
bone
joint-on-chip
platforms
aims
to
simulate
processes
occurring
bones
joints,
including
cell-cell
interactions,
interplay
various
biochemical
factors,
effects
mechanical
stimuli,
intricate
connections
between
multiple
future,
will
integrate
advantages
disciplines,
bringing
more
possibilities
exploring
disease
mechanisms,
drug
screening,
personalized
medicine.
This
review
explores
construction
application
Organ-on-a-chip
technology
joint
research,
proposes
a
modular
concept,
discusses
new
opportunities
future
challenges
platforms.
Oral Diseases,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: March 6, 2025
Age-related
alveolar
bone
resorption
poses
a
major
dental
health
challenge,
yet
its
mechanisms
and
treatments
are
poorly
understood.
This
study
investigates
the
impact
of
dasatinib
quercetin
(D
+
Q)
treatment
on
senescent
cells
(SnCs),
senescence-associated
secretory
phenotype
(SASP),
neutrophil
infiltration
in
aged
bone,
aiming
to
develop
new
strategies
for
combating
age-related
resorption.
C57BL/6
mice
(2
18
months)
were
used
examine
resorption,
inflammaging,
infiltration.
Aged
received
D
Q
assess
therapeutic
effects.
Key
measurements
included
cementoenamel
junction
crest
(CEJ-ABC)
distance,
periodontal
ligament
(PDL)
thickness,
osteometabolism
markers,
SnCs
accumulation,
SASP
expression,
showed
increased
CEJ-ABC
atrophied
ligament,
unbalanced
osteometabolism,
along
with
elevated
SnCs,
SASP,
neutrophils
compared
young
controls.
improved
these
conditions
by
reducing
enhancing
health,
boosting
metabolism.
It
also
lowered
expression
markers.
effectively
mitigates
aging
clearing
lowering
levels,
aggregation,
presenting
novel
approach
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
26(8), P. 3501 - 3501
Published: April 9, 2025
Research
findings
reveal
that
thermal
environments
precisely
regulate
the
skeletal
system
through
a
triple
regulation
of
"structural
morphology-cellular
dynamics-molecular
mechanisms":
At
tissue
morphology
level,
moderate
heat
exposure
can
promote
increased
bone
density
and
longitudinal
growth,
as
well
improved
fracture
load
yield
point,
but
may
negatively
affect
geometric
shape
cortical
thickness.
Continuous
high-temperature
harms
structure,
manifested
changes
in
biomechanical
characteristics
such
decreased
toughness
rigidity.
cellular
directly
proliferation/apoptosis
balance
osteoblasts
osteoclasts,
by
regulating
osteocyte
network
activity
marrow
mesenchymal
stem
cell
fate
decisions,
these
four
populations
form
temperature-dependent
metabolic
regulatory
circuits.
molecular
dimension,
stress
activate
release
neural
factors
CGRP
NPY,
which
possess
dual
functions
promoting
both
formation
resorption;
simultaneously
achieving
coordinated
angiogenesis
fat
inhibition
VEGF
TGFβ.
The
environment-bone
mechanisms
revealed
this
study
have
important
translational
value:
they
not
only
provide
theoretical
basis
for
protection
strategies
workers
athletes,
also
offer
innovative
entry
points
analyzing
pathological
stroke
secondary
injury
osteoporosis
stress-related
signaling
pathways,
while
establishing
foundation
development
temperature-responsive
functionalized
biomaterials
engineering.
Materials Today Bio,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
32, P. 101750 - 101750
Published: April 17, 2025
Osteoporotic
fractures
typically
exhibit
delayed
healing
due
to
impaired
cell
recruitment,
chronic
inflammation,
and
disrupted
neurovascular
signaling.
Sensory
nerve
signaling
plays
a
crucial
role
in
fracture
repair,
its
deficiency
is
significant
factor
leading
healing.
Addressing
these
deficiencies
overcoming
the
challenges
associated
with
bone
repair
osteoporosis.
In
this
study,
smart
composite
hydrogel
(denoted
as
OCS-MPC)
was
synthesized
by
embedding
CGRP-functionalized
polydopamine-coated
MXene
nanosheets
(MXene/PDA/CGRP)
into
boronic
acid-modified
oxidized
hyaluronic
acid-crosslinked
carboxymethyl
chitosan
(OHA-PBA/CMCS)
loaded
SDF-1.
OCS-MPC
enables
controlled
release
of
SDF-1
CGRP,
aiming
promote
early
callus
formation
late-stage
remodeling
osteoporotic
fractures.
Due
dynamic
crosslinking
via
imine
borate
ester
bonds,
exhibits
rapid
gelation,
injectability,
self-healing
properties.
vitro
experiments
demonstrated
excellent
osteogenic,
angiogenic,
neurogenic
properties
hydrogel.
vivo
studies
using
an
femoral
model
showed
that
enhanced
MSCs
recruitment
SDF-1/CXCR4
axis,
significantly
improving
stages
repair.
Additionally,
promoted
mineralization
later
through
enhancing
CGRP
Immunofluorescence
analysis
further
confirmed
increased
expression
TUBB3,
CD31,
indicating
successful
regeneration
network.
These
findings
highlight
potential
addressing
both
healing,
providing
promising
therapeutic
strategy
for
patients.
Cell Death and Differentiation,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Sept. 2, 2024
Abstract
Impaired
callus
remodeling
significantly
contributes
to
the
delayed
healing
of
osteoporotic
fractures;
however,
underlying
mechanisms
remain
unclear.
Sensory
neuronal
signaling
plays
a
crucial
role
in
bone
repair.
In
this
study,
we
aimed
investigate
pathological
hindering
fractures,
particularly
focusing
on
sensory
signaling.
We
demonstrate
that
ovariectomized
(OVX)
mice,
loss
CGRP
+
TrkA
during
correlates
with
increased
Cx3cr1
iOCs
expression
within
callus.
Conditional
knockout
restored
neuronal,
enabling
normal
progression.
Mechanistically,
further
secrete
Sema3A
fracture
repair
microenvironment,
inhibiting
neurons’
axonal
regeneration
and
suppressing
nerve–bone
exchange,
thus
remodeling.
Lastly,
human
samples,
observed
an
association
between
iOCs.
conclusion,
enhancing
nerve
by
activity
presents
potential
strategy
for
treating
fractures.
