Extinction risk and threats to plants and fungi

Plants People Planet, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 2(5), P. 389 - 408

Published: Sept. 1, 2020

Societal Impact Statement There is increasing awareness that plants and fungi, as natural solutions, can play an important role in tackling ongoing global environmental challenges. We illustrate how understanding current projected threats to fungi necessary manage mitigate risks, while building of gaps bias assessment coverage essential adequately prioritize conservation efforts. highlight the state art science point methods future studies needed species extinction. Summary Plant fungal biodiversity underpin life on earth merit careful stewardship increasingly uncertain environment. However, biases documented extinction risks plant impede effective management. Formal risk assessments help avoid extinctions, through engagement, financial, or legal mechanisms, but most lack assessments. Available cover c. 30% (ThreatSearch). Red List overrepresents woody perennials useful plants, underrepresents single‐country endemics. Fungal overrepresent well‐known are too few infer status trends. Proportions assessed vascular considered threatened vary between datasets: 37% (ThreatSearch), 44% (International Union for Conservation Nature Threatened Species). Our predictions, correcting several quantifiable biases, suggest 39% all with other remain unquantified, may affect our estimate. Preliminary trend data show moving toward Quantitative estimates based understate likely loss: they do not fully capture impacts climate change, slow‐acting threats, clustering risk, which could amplify loss evolutionary potential. The importance estimation support existing emerging initiatives grow intensify. This necessitates urgent strategic expansion efforts comprehensive risk.

Language: Английский

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Molecules from nature: Reconciling biodiversity conservation and global healthcare imperatives for sustainable use of medicinal plants and fungi

Plants People Planet, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 2(5), P. 463 - 481

Published: Sept. 1, 2020

Societal Impact Statement Plants and fungi have provided, or inspired, key pharmaceuticals for global health challenges, including cancer, heart disease, dementia, malaria, are valued as traditional medicines worldwide. Global demand medicinal plants has threatened certain species, contributing to biodiversity loss depletion of natural resources that important the humanity. We consider evolving role in healthcare new challenges human arise. present current emerging scientific approaches, uncover preserve nature‐based solutions future, through harmonization with conservation strategies. Summary Non‐communicable diseases, cardiovascular diabetes, main causes deaths globally, communicable diseases such malaria tuberculosis affect billions people. provided our armory against these while some regions world, they continue a central systems medicines. Consequently, is driving factor loss. Yet future therapeutics from nature evolving. Scientific advances enabling untapped potential world's be explored their value, reveal other roles may improving well‐being; this demonstrates value capital an incentive conservation. Emerging technologies also offer hope safeguarding essential by revealing more sustainable sourcing products. This review discusses recent developments approaches discovery products medicines, well‐being, strategies harmonize therapeutic use its proactive solutions.

Language: Английский

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Brazilian Flora 2020: Leveraging the power of a collaborative scientific network

Taxon, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 71(1), P. 178 - 198

Published: Dec. 17, 2021

Abstract The shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description biological taxa and understanding biodiversity patterns processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant impediment to research conservation planning. crisis are widely recognized, highlighting urgent need for data. Over past decade, numerous countries worldwide have devoted considerable effort Target 1 Global Strategy Plant Conservation (GSPC), which called preparation working list all known plant species by 2010 an online world Flora 2020. Brazil is megadiverse country, home more world's than any other country. Despite that, Brasiliensis , concluded in 1906, was last comprehensive treatment Brazilian flora. lack accurate estimates number algae, fungi, plants occurring contributes prevailing delays progress towards GSPC targets. 12 years, legion taxonomists motivated meet GSPC, worked together gather integrate knowledge on algal, plant, fungal diversity Brazil. Overall, team about 980 joined efforts highly collaborative project that used cybertaxonomy prepare updated Brazil, showing power scientific collaboration reach ambitious goals. paper presents overview 2020 provides spatial updates found one most biodiverse countries. We further identify collection gaps summarize future goals extend beyond Our results show 46,975 native plants, 19,669 endemic compiled date suggests Atlantic Rainforest might be diverse domain groups except gymnosperms, Amazon. However, still unequally distributed, with Cerrado being intensively sampled studied biomes In times “scientific reductionism”, botanical mycological sciences suffering pervasive depreciation recent decades, first significantly enhanced quality quantity available from also made information freely online, providing firm foundation management, conservation, sustainable use funga

Language: Английский

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Integrative approaches for species delimitation in Ascomycota

Fungal Diversity, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 109(1), P. 155 - 179

Published: July 1, 2021

Language: Английский

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The numbers of fungi: are the most speciose genera truly diverse?

Fungal Diversity, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 114(1), P. 387 - 462

Published: March 27, 2022

Language: Английский

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The numbers of fungi: contributions from traditional taxonomic studies and challenges of metabarcoding

Fungal Diversity, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 114(1), P. 327 - 386

Published: April 28, 2022

Abstract The global diversity of fungi has been estimated using several different approaches. There is somewhere between 2–11 million species, but the number formally described taxa around 150,000, a tiny fraction total. In this paper, we examine 12 ascomycete genera as case studies to establish trends in fungal species descriptions, and introduce new each genus. To highlight importance traditional morpho-molecular methods publishing novel that are considered have low discovery. We discuss whether likely be rare or due lack extensive sampling classification. Apiospora , Bambusicola Beltrania Capronia Distoseptispora Endocalyx Neocatenulostroma Neodeightonia Paraconiothyrium Peroneutypa Phaeoacremonium Vanakripa . host-specificity selected compare epithets genus with ITS (barcode) sequences deposited GenBank UNITE. furthermore relationship divergence times these those their hosts. hypothesize there might more hosts habitats should investigated for

Language: Английский

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Myco-remediation: A mechanistic understanding of contaminants alleviation from natural environment and future prospect

Chemosphere, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 284, P. 131325 - 131325

Published: June 25, 2021

Language: Английский

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An insights of organochlorine pesticides categories, properties, eco-toxicity and new developments in bioremediation process

Environmental Pollution, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 333, P. 122114 - 122114

Published: June 26, 2023

Language: Английский

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Current trends, limitations and future research in the fungi?

Fungal Diversity, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 125(1), P. 1 - 71

Published: March 20, 2024

Abstract The field of mycology has grown from an underappreciated subset botany, to a valuable, modern scientific discipline. As this study grown, there have been significant contributions science, technology, and industry, highlighting the value fungi in era. This paper looks at current research, along with existing limitations, suggests future areas where scientists can focus their efforts, mycology. We show how become important emerging diseases medical discuss trends potential drug novel compound discovery. explore phylogenomics, its potential, outcomes address question phylogenomics be applied fungal ecology. In addition, functional genomics studies are discussed importance unravelling intricate mechanisms underlying behaviour, interactions, adaptations, paving way for comprehensive understanding biology. look research building materials, they used as carbon sinks, biocircular economies. numbers always great interest often written about estimates varied greatly. Thus, we needs order obtain more reliable estimates. aspects machine learning (AI) it mycological research. Plant pathogens affecting food production systems on global scale, such, needed area, particularly disease detection. latest data High Throughput Sequencing if still gaining new knowledge same rate before. A review nanotechnology is provided addressed. Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi addressed acknowledged. Fungal databases becoming important, therefore provide major databases. Edible medicinal huge medicines, especially Asia prospects discussed. Lifestyle changes (e.g., endophytes, pathogens, and/or saprobes) also extremely trend special issue Diversity.

Language: Английский

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Annotated Checklist of Poroid Hymenochaetoid Fungi in Central Asia: Taxonomic Diversity, Ecological Roles, and Potential Distribution Patterns

Journal of Fungi, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11(1), P. 37 - 37

Published: Jan. 5, 2025

Central Asia, located at the heart of Eurasia, is renowned for its varied climate and vertical vegetative distribution, which support diverse biomes position it as a global biodiversity hotspot. Despite this ecological richness, Asia’s fungal diversity, particularly wood-inhabiting macrofungi, remains largely unexplored. This study investigates roles, potential distribution poroid Hymenochaetoid fungi in region. By conducting field surveys, collecting basidiomes, reviewing literature herbarium records from five Asian countries, we compiled comprehensive checklist these fungi. In total, 43 species belonging to 18 genera were identified, with Inonotus, Phellinus, Phylloporia being most species-rich. Notably, Inonotus hispidus Phellinus igniarius found be widespread species. These macrofungi play essential roles saprotrophs pathogens various identified host plant families, aiding lignin degradation exhibiting enzymatic activities. For first time, modelled patterns revealing that their strongly influenced by availability temperature-related factors. The three critical variables density, annual temperature range (Bio7), mean warmest quarter (Bio10). suitable habitats uneven, highly areas (4.52%) concentrated mountainous border regions between Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan. results underscore significance specific environmental conditions growth survival Our findings highlight urgent need continued mycological research expanded conservation initiatives document preserve macrofungal botanical under-explored area. light change, collected data provide valuable reference promoting forest health management globally.

Language: Английский

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