Interactive effects of changes in UV radiation and climate on terrestrial ecosystems, biogeochemical cycles, and feedbacks to the climate system

Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 22(5), P. 1049 - 1091

Published: Feb. 1, 2023

Terrestrial organisms and ecosystems are being exposed to new rapidly changing combinations of solar UV radiation other environmental factors because ongoing changes in stratospheric ozone climate. In this Quadrennial Assessment, we examine the interactive effects ozone, climate on terrestrial biogeochemical cycles context Montreal Protocol. We specifically assess organisms, agriculture food supply, biodiversity, ecosystem services feedbacks system. Emphasis is placed role extreme events altering exposure potential biodiversity. also address responses plants increased temporal variability radiation, change (e.g. drought, temperature) crops, driving breakdown organic matter from dead plant material (i.e. litter) biocides (pesticides herbicides). Our assessment indicates that interact various ways affect structure function ecosystems, by protecting layer, Protocol continues play a vital maintaining healthy, diverse land sustain life Earth. Furthermore, its Kigali Amendment mitigating some negative consequences limiting emissions greenhouse gases carbon sequestration vegetation pool.

Language: Английский

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Key role of environmental competence in successful use of entomopathogenic fungi in microbial pest control

Journal of Pest Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 97(1), P. 1 - 15

Published: April 28, 2023

Abstract One of the main negative effects climate change on biological pest control is alteration relationships between insect pests and their natural enemies (both entomophagous entomopathogenic). Indeed, environmental conditions can have multiple success when using entomopathogenic fungi (EPF), where conidial depletion, inactivation, loss in virulence infectivity all occur. Appropriate mass production formulation strategies for EPF partially solve these problems. However, only strategy to guarantee high selection environmentally competent fungal strains that are able persist host environment required infection period. This review examines criteria EPF. While UV radiation, followed by humidity temperature, probably most important propagule depletion inactivation factors epigeal habitats, temperature critical reducing hypogeal habitats. In addition, geographical origin other biotic abiotic an impact which may competence selected and, therefore, farmer willingness replace chemicals with mycoinsecticides. To achieve this, it urgent promote development microbial solutions adapted relatively uniform climatic zones through more simplified, targeted, less costly approval authorization.

Language: Английский

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Photolyase Production and Current Applications: A Review

Molecules, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 27(18), P. 5998 - 5998

Published: Sept. 15, 2022

The photolyase family consists of flavoproteins with enzyme activity able to repair ultraviolet light radiation damage by photoreactivation. DNA the formation a cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer (CPD) and pyrimidine-pyrimidone (6-4) photoproduct can lead multiple affections such as cellular apoptosis mutagenesis that evolve into skin cancer. development integrated applications prevent negative effects prolonged sunlight exposure, usually during outdoor activities, is imperative. This study presents functions, characteristics, types photolyases, their therapeutic cosmetic applications, additionally explores some photolyase-producing microorganisms drug delivery systems.

Language: Английский

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Photobiology of the keystone genus Metarhizium

Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B Biology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 226, P. 112374 - 112374

Published: Dec. 11, 2021

Language: Английский

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Acerola-Derived Photorepair System for Eliminating Ultraviolet-Induced Pyrimidine Dimers in Human Cells

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(5), P. 792 - 792

Published: Feb. 25, 2025

Background/Objectives: Ultraviolet B (UV-B) is a significant risk factor for skin damage, as it induces cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPD), which suppress DNA replication and transcription. Photolyase (PHR) blue light-dependent enzyme that repairs damage caused by UV irradiation. While absent in human, plays crucial role repairing CPD other organisms. Acerola (Malpighia emarginata DC), fruit with high antioxidant content, widely consumed health benefits. This study aimed to identify novel PHR acerola evaluate its photorepair activity. Methods: Using RNA-seq data, we cloned the full-length sequence of gene constructed an expression vector. A stable transfected HEK293 cell line (HEK293/acPHR) was established. repair activity analyzed under light these cells, well normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDFs) supplemented extracellular vesicles (EVs) from HEK293/acPHR cells vesicle-like nanoparticles derived extract. Results: Blue reduction observed compared control following UV-B Additionally, demonstrated NHDFs treated EVs Conclusions: Acerola-derived exhibits potential UV-induced cells. Furthermore, EV-mediated delivery provides promising avenue extending capabilities These findings highlight applications prevention treatment related conditions.

Language: Английский

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The multifunctionality of the fungus Metarhizium spp. and its use in Brazilian agriculture

Bragantia, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 84

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

ABSTRACT The genus Metarhizium is extremely diverse, with 66 species described worldwide, among which 60 are entomopathogenic. Despite the diversity of 14 found in Brazil, anisopliae fungal highest number registered products. It an active ingredient 100 products, while rileyi only four. This was first on-farm-produced fungus Brazil by sugarcane mills 1960s to control leafhoppers. Currently, more than 50 on-farm biofactories produce this for application on 2 million hectares, making it largest microbial program world. Brazilian producers have often used fungi a mixture synthetic chemical insecticides, aiming at shock action and residual biological (55% use biocontrol agents chemicals pest control). impact M. as mycoinsecticide has recently been enhanced discovery that colonizes plant roots, can exploit its ability disease, promote growth, bioprotectant. systematic review demonstrates versatile adaptable diverse environments remarkable genetic, physiological, ecological flexibility, most widely control. In addition, prospects future studies increasing mitigate damage caused pests crops discussed.

Language: Английский

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A negative melanin regulator, Mamrn, regulates thermo and UV tolerance via distinct mechanisms in Metarhizium

Microbiological Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 297, P. 128190 - 128190

Published: April 22, 2025

Language: Английский

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Current developments in the resistance, quality, and production of entomopathogenic fungi

World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 38(7)

Published: May 18, 2022

Language: Английский

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Timing of Fungal Insecticide Application to Avoid Solar Ultraviolet Irradiation Enhances Field Control of Rice Planthoppers

Insects, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(4), P. 307 - 307

Published: March 23, 2023

Thechemical control of rice planthoppers (RPH)is prohibited in annual rice–shrimp rotation paddy fields. Here, the fungal insecticides Beauveria bassiana ZJU435 and Metarizhium anisoplae CQ421 were tested for RPH populations dominated by Nilaparvata lugens three field trials. During four-week trials initiated from harsh weather high temperatures strong sunlight, crop at stages tillering to flowering was effectively protected sprays applied 14-day intervals. The either insecticide after 5:00 p.m. (solar UV avoidance) suppressed population better than those before 10 a.m. avoidance versus exposure resulted mean efficacies 60% 56% 41% 45% on day 7, 77% 78% 63% 67% 14, 84% 82% 80% 79% 21, 81% 75 28, respectively. These results indicate that can fields offer a novel insight into significance solar-UV-avoiding application improved pest during sunny summers.

Language: Английский

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Rad6, a ubiquitin conjugator required for insect-pathogenic lifestyle, UV damage repair, and genomic expression of Beauveria bassiana

Microbiological Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 281, P. 127622 - 127622

Published: Jan. 18, 2024

Language: Английский

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