Cannabis: a multifaceted plant with endless potentials

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: June 15, 2023

Cannabis sativa , also known as “hemp” or “weed,” is a versatile plant with various uses in medicine, agriculture, food, and cosmetics. This review attempts to evaluate the available literature on ecology, chemical composition, phytochemistry, pharmacology, traditional uses, industrial toxicology of . So far, 566 compounds have been isolated from including 125 cannabinoids 198 non-cannabinoids. The psychoactive physiologically active part cannabinoid, mostly found flowers, but present smaller amounts leaves, stems, seeds. Of all phytochemicals, terpenes form largest composition plant. Pharmacological evidence reveals that plants contain which exhibit potential antioxidants, antibacterial agents, anticancer anti-inflammatory agents. Furthermore, reported applications food cosmetic industries. Significantly, cultivation has minimal negative impact environment terms cultivation. Most studies focused make-up, pharmacological effects, not much about toxic effects. Overall, enormous for biological well other medicinal uses. However, further research necessary fully understand explore beneficial properties

Language: Английский

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Nanoformulations as a strategy to overcome the delivery limitations of cannabinoids

Phytotherapy Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 37(4), P. 1526 - 1538

Published: Feb. 7, 2023

Abstract Medical cannabis has received significant interest in recent years due to its promising benefits the management of pain, anxiety, depression and neurological movement disorders. Specifically, major phytocannabinoids derived from plant such as (−) trans‐Δ 9 ‐tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) cannabidiol (CBD), have been shown be responsible for pharmacological therapeutic properties. Recently, these also attracted special attention cancer treatment their well‐known palliative chemotherapy‐induced nausea, vomiting, pain loss appetite along with anticancer activities. Despite enormous benefits, low aqueous solubility, high instability (susceptibility extensive first pass metabolism) poor systemic bioavailability restrict utilization at clinical perspective. Therefore, drug delivery strategies based on nanotechnology are emerging improve pharmacokinetic profile cannabinoids well enhance targeted delivery. Here, we critically review nano‐formulation systems engineered overcoming limitations native including polymeric lipid‐based nanoparticles (lipid nano capsules (LNCs), nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs), nanoemulsions (NE) self‐emulsifying (SEDDS)), ethosomes cyclodextrins applications.

Language: Английский

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An Individuality of Response to Cannabinoids: Challenges in Safety and Efficacy of Cannabis Products

Molecules, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 28(6), P. 2791 - 2791

Published: March 20, 2023

Since legalization, cannabis/marijuana has been gaining considerable attention as a functional ingredient in food. ∆-9 tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), cannabidiol (CBD), and other cannabinoids are key bioactive compounds with health benefits. The oral consumption of cannabis transports much less hazardous chemicals than smoking. Nevertheless, the response to is biphasically dose-dependent (hormesis; low-dose stimulation high-dose inhibition) wide individuality responses. Thus, exact same dose preparation may be beneficial for some but toxic others. purpose this review highlight concept individual variations cannabinoids, which leads challenge establishing standard safe doses products general population. mechanisms actions, acute chronic toxicities, factors affecting responses updated. Based on literature review, we found that depends exposure (delivery route, duration, frequency, interactions food drugs), (age, sex), susceptibility (genetic polymorphisms cannabinoid receptor gene, N-acylethanolamine-hydrolyzing enzymes, THC-metabolizing epigenetic regulations). Owing responses, safest way use cannabis-containing start low, go slow, stay low.

Language: Английский

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Emerging therapeutic options in the management of diabetes: recent trends, challenges and future directions

International Journal of Obesity, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 47(12), P. 1179 - 1199

Published: Sept. 11, 2023

Language: Английский

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Potential, Limitations and Risks of Cannabis-Derived Products in Cancer Treatment

Cancers, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(7), P. 2119 - 2119

Published: April 1, 2023

The application of cannabis products in oncology receives interest, especially from patients. Despite the plethora research data available, added value curative or palliative cancer care and possible risks involved are insufficiently proven therefore a matter debate. We aim to give recommendation on position clinical by assessing recent literature. Various types products, characteristics, quality pharmacology discussed. Standardisation is essential for reliable reproducible quality. oromucosal/sublingual route administration preferred over inhalation drinking tea. Cannabinoids may inhibit efflux transporters drug-metabolising enzymes, possibly inducing pharmacokinetic interactions with anticancer drugs being substrates these proteins. This enhance cytostatic effect and/or drug-related adverse effects. Reversely, it enable dose reduction. Similar likely used symptom management treating pain, nausea, vomiting anorexia. Cannabis usually well tolerated improve life patients (although not unambiguously proven). combination immunotherapy seems undesirable because immunosuppressive action cannabinoids. Further warranted scientifically support (refraining from) using cancer.

Language: Английский

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The Impact of Cannabis Use on Cognition in People with HIV: Evidence of Function-Dependent Effects and Mechanisms from Clinical and Preclinical Studies

Current HIV/AIDS Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 21(3), P. 87 - 115

Published: April 11, 2024

Language: Английский

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In vivo profiling of phytocannabinoids in Cannabis spp. varieties via SPME-LC-MS analysis

Analytica Chimica Acta, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 1306, P. 342621 - 342621

Published: April 17, 2024

In vivo solid-phase microextraction (SPME) is a minimally invasive, non-exhaustive sample-preparation technique that facilitates the direct isolation of low molecular weight compounds from biological matrices in living systems. This especially useful for analysis phytocannabinoids (PCs) plant material, both forensic purposes and monitoring PC content growing Cannabis spp. plants. contrast to traditional extraction techniques, SPME enables continuous tracking changes level PCs during growth without need material collection. this study, utilizing biocompatible C18 probes liquid-chromatography coupled quadrupole time-of flight mass spectrometry (LC-Q-TOF-MS) proposed as novel strategy acidic forms five medicinal cannabis The method was optimized by testing various parameters, including phase (coating), desorption times, temperature. validated with satisfactory analytical performance regarding linearity (10-3000 ng/mL), limits quantification, precision (relative standard deviations below 5.5%). then successfully applied PCs, which are main components As proof-of-concept, were statically inserted into inflorescences two varieties plants (i.e., CBD-dominant Δ9-THC-dominant) cultivated under controlled conditions 30 min tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (Δ9-THCA), cannabidiolic (CBDA), cannabigerolic (CBGA), cannabiviarinic (CBVA), tetrahydrocannabivarinic (THCVA). results confirmed developed SPME-LC-Q-TOF-MS precise efficient tool rapid conditions. methodology highly appealing option metabolic pathways compositions multiple at different stages growth.

Language: Английский

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Investigation of Cannabis sativa Phytochemicals as Anti-Alzheimer’s Agents: An In Silico Study

Plants, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(3), P. 510 - 510

Published: Jan. 22, 2023

Cannabis sativa is a medicinal plant that has been known for years and used as an Ayurvedic medicine. This great potential in treating various types of brain diseases. Phytochemicals present this act antioxidants by maintaining synaptic plasticity preventing neuronal loss. Cannabidiol (CBD) Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) are both beneficial Alzheimer’s disease increasing the solubility Aβ42 amyloid Tau aggregation. Apart from these therapeutic effects, there certain unknown functions phytochemicals we want to elucidate through study. In research, our approach analyze effect on multiple culprit enzymes disease, such AChE (Acetylcholinesterase), BChE (Butyrylcholinesterase), γ-secretase, BACE-1. study, compounds were selected Lipinski’s rule, ADMET, ProTox based toxicity. Molecular docking between (THCV, Cannabinol C2, Cannabidiorcol) mentioned above was obtained software programs including AutoDock Vina 4.2, AutoDock, iGEMDOCK. comparison Donepezil (BA = −8.4 kcal/mol, Ki 1.46 mM), Rivastigmine −7.0 0.02 Galantamine −7.1, 2.1 Cannabidiorcol −9.4 4.61 mM) shows significant inhibition AChE. On other hand, C2 −9.2 4.32 significantly inhibits Butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) Memantine −6.8 0.54 mM). study sheds new light opens avenues elucidating role bioactive disease.

Language: Английский

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Repositioning Cannabinoids and Terpenes as Novel EGFR-TKIs Candidates for Targeted Therapy Against Cancer: A virtual screening model using CADD and biophysical simulations

Heliyon, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(4), P. e15545 - e15545

Published: April 1, 2023

This study examines the potential of Cannabis sativa L. plants to be repurposed as therapeutic agents for cancer treatment through designing hybrid Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs). A set 50 phytochemicals was taken from Cannabinoids and Terpenes subjected screening using Semi-flexible Flexible Molecular Docking methods, MM-GBSA free binding energy computations, pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (ADME-Tox) predictions. Nine promising phytochemicals, Cannabidiolic acid (CBDA), Cannabidiol (CBD), Tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV), Dronabinol (Δ-9-THC), Delta-8-Tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ-8-THC), Cannabicyclol (CBL), Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinolic (THCA), Beta-Caryophyllene (BCP), Gamma-Elemene (γ-Ele) were identified EGFR-TKIs natural product candidates therapy. To further validate these findings, a Dynamics simulations conducted over 200 ns trajectory. early drug discovery strategy has yield new generation based on cannabis products, suitable In addition, application this computational in virtual both synthetic chemical libraries could support wide range lead address numerous diseases.

Language: Английский

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Quality Standards and Pharmacological Interventions of Natural Oils: Current Scenario and Future Perspectives

ACS Omega, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 8(43), P. 39945 - 39963

Published: Oct. 17, 2023

Medicinal plants are rich sources of natural oils such as essential and fixed used traditionally for nutritive well medicinal purposes. Most the traditional formulations or phytopharmaceutical contain oil main ingredient due to their own therapeutic applications thus mitigating several pathogeneses fungal/bacterial/viral infection, gout, psoriasis, analgesic, antioxidant, skin etc. Due lack quality standards progressive adulteration in oils, efficacy is continuously deteriorated. To develop validate scientific aspects on chromatographic spectroscopic techniques HPTLC, HPLC, NMR, LC–MS, GC–MS have been termed choices better exploration metabolites, hence sustaining authenticity oils. In this review, chemical profiling control explored from previously reported literature reputed journals. Methods profiling, possible identified metabolites described. The outcome review reveals that GC–MS/MS, LC-MS/MS, NMR-based most liable, economic, precise, accurate determining spuriousness based qualitative quantitative studies. This occupies extensive information about obtained regulatory via providing detailed methods chemoprofiling techniques. Hence, helps researchers further quality-based standardization purpose.

Language: Английский

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