A Combinatorial View on Speciation and Adaptive Radiation

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 34(6), P. 531 - 544

Published: March 15, 2019

Language: Английский

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Ecological Opportunity and Adaptive Radiation

Annual Review of Ecology Evolution and Systematics, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 47(1), P. 507 - 532

Published: Nov. 1, 2016

The process of adaptive radiation—the proliferation species from a single ancestor and diversification into many ecologically different forms—has been great interest to evolutionary biologists since Darwin. Since the middle last century, ecological opportunity has invoked as potential key understanding when how radiation occurs. Interest in topic accelerated research on experienced resurgence, fueled part by advances phylogenetic approaches studying diversification. Nonetheless, what term actually means, much less it mechanistically leads diversification, is currently debated; whether any predictive value or heuristic useful only for post hoc explanation also remains unclear. Recent recognition that change can occur rapidly timescale commensurate with processes suggests time synthesize study community assembly

Language: Английский

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Orchid phylogenomics and multiple drivers of their extraordinary diversification

Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 282(1814), P. 20151553 - 20151553

Published: Aug. 26, 2015

Orchids are the most diverse family of angiosperms, with over 25 000 species,more than mammals, birds and reptiles combined. Tests hypotheses to account for such diversity have been stymied by lack a fully resolved broad-scale phylogeny. Here,we provide phylogeny, based on 75 chloroplast genes 39 species representing all orchid subfamilies 16 17 tribes, time-calibrated against angiosperm fossils. Asupermatrix analysis places an additional 144 three plastid genes. appear arisen roughly 112 million years ago (Mya); Orchidoideae Epidendroideae diverged from each other at end Cretaceous; eight tribes previously unplaced subtribes upper epidendroids rapidly between 37.9 30.8 Mya. undergone one significant acceleration net diversification in orchidoids, two accelerations deceleration epidendroids. Consistent theory, were correlated evolution pollinia, epiphytic habit, CAM photosynthesis, tropical distribution (especially extensive cordilleras),and pollination via Lepidoptera or euglossine bees. Deceit appears elevated number one-half but not rate diversification. The highest within orchids (0.382 sp sp(-1) My(-1)) is 6.8 times that Asparagales crown.

Language: Английский

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Phylogenetic patterns are not proxies of community assembly mechanisms (they are far better)

Functional Ecology, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 29(5), P. 600 - 614

Published: Feb. 12, 2015

Summary The subdiscipline of ‘community phylogenetics’ is rapidly growing and influencing thinking regarding community assembly. In particular, phylogenetic dispersion co‐occurring species within a commonly used as proxy to identify which assembly processes may have structured particular community: clustering for abiotic assembly, that habitat filtering, overdispersion biotic notably competition. We challenge this approach by highlighting (typically) implicit assumptions are, in reality, only weakly supported, including (i) reflects trait dispersion; (ii) given ecological function can be performed single state or combination states; (iii) similarity causes enhanced competition; (iv) competition exclusion; (v) communities are at equilibrium with having been completed; (vi) through filtering decreases importance if increases, such the relative balance two thus quantified parameter; (vii) observed driven predominantly local present‐day processes. Moreover, technical sophistication phylogenetic‐patterns‐as‐proxy trades off against alternative, potentially more pertinent approaches directly observe manipulate Despite concerns about using processes, we suggest there underappreciated benefits quantifying structure communities, understanding how coexistence leads macroevolutionary diversification lineage‐pools (i.e. phylogenetic‐patterns‐as‐result approach); contingency it affects phylogenetic‐patterns‐as‐cause approach). conclude patterns little useful However, prove test novel hypotheses on control macroevolution lineage‐pool, example among close relatives triggering displacement characters, lineage‐pool related species, origin enter

Language: Английский

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Phylogenetic evidence for pollinator-driven diversification of angiosperms

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2012, Volume and Issue: 27(6), P. 353 - 361

Published: March 23, 2012

Language: Английский

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Adaptive radiation, correlated and contingent evolution, and net species diversification in Bromeliaceae

Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, Journal Year: 2013, Volume and Issue: 71, P. 55 - 78

Published: Oct. 26, 2013

Language: Английский

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The abiotic and biotic drivers of rapid diversification in Andean bellflowers (Campanulaceae)

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 210(4), P. 1430 - 1442

Published: March 14, 2016

The tropical Andes of South America, the world's richest biodiversity hotspot, are home to many rapid radiations. While geological, climatic, and ecological processes collectively explain such radiations, their relative contributions seldom examined within a single clade. We explore contribution these factors by applying series diversification models that incorporate mountain building, climate change, trait evolution first dated phylogeny Andean bellflowers (Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae). Our framework is novel for its direct incorporation geological data on uplift into macroevolutionary model. show speciation extinction differentially influenced abiotic factors: rates rose concurrently with elevation, while decreased during global cooling. Pollination syndrome fruit type, both biotic traits known facilitate mutualisms, played an additional role in driving diversification. These resulted one fastest radiations reported date: centropogonids, whose 550 species arose last 5 million yr. study represents significant advance our understanding plant cloud forests. It further highlights power combining phylogenetic Earth science interplay geology, climate, ecology generating biodiversity.

Language: Английский

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Geological and ecological factors drive cryptic speciation of yews in a biodiversity hotspot

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2013, Volume and Issue: 199(4), P. 1093 - 1108

Published: May 30, 2013

Summary The interplay of orographic uplift and climatic changes in the H imalaya‐ engduan M ountains region ( HHM ) have had a key role speciation population demography. To gain further insight into these processes, we investigated their effects on T axus wallichiana by combining molecular phylogeography species distribution modeling. Molecular data were obtained from 43 populations T. . Nineteen variables analyzed alongside genetic discontinuities. Species modeling was carried out to predict potential past ranges. Two distinct lineages identified, which diverged c 4.2 (2.0–6.5) million years ago (Ma), timescale that corresponds well with recent Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau subsequent region. Correlations also suggest ecological factors may reinforced separation two lineages. Both experienced expansion during last glaciation. high divergence, long‐term isolation differentiation scenario cryptic associated geological Our findings challenge notion general ‘contraction’ glaciation

Language: Английский

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Cenozoic imprints on the phylogenetic structure of palm species assemblages worldwide

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2012, Volume and Issue: 109(19), P. 7379 - 7384

Published: April 23, 2012

Despite long-standing interest in the origin and maintenance of species diversity, little is known about historical drivers assemblage structure at large spatiotemporal scales. Here, we use global distribution data, a dated genus-level phylogeny, paleo-reconstructions biomes climate to examine Cenozoic imprints on phylogenetic regional assemblages palms (Arecaceae), species-rich plant family characteristic tropical ecosystems. We find strong imprint clustering due geographic isolation situ diversification, especially Neotropics islands with spectacular palm radiations (e.g., Madagascar, Hawaii, Cuba). Phylogenetic overdispersion mainlands corresponds biotic interchange areas. Differences degree among biogeographic realms are related differential losses rainforests during Cenozoic, but not cumulative area rainforest over geological time. A largely random Africa coincides severe area, after Miocene. More recent events also appear be influential: increases increasing intensity Quaternary glacial-interglacial climatic oscillations South America and, lesser extent, Africa, indicating that specific clades perform better climatically unstable regions. Our results suggest continental (in combination limited long-distance dispersal) changing habitat loss throughout have had impacts tropics.

Language: Английский

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Comparing Adaptive Radiations Across Space, Time, and Taxa

Journal of Heredity, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 111(1), P. 1 - 20

Published: Oct. 28, 2019

Abstract Adaptive radiation plays a fundamental role in our understanding of the evolutionary process. However, concept has provoked strong and differing opinions concerning its definition nature among researchers studying wide diversity systems. Here, we take broad view what constitutes an adaptive radiation, seek to find commonalities disparate examples, ranging from plants invertebrate vertebrate animals, remote islands lakes continents, better understand processes shared across radiations. We surveyed many groups evaluate factors considered important large variety species In each these studies, ecological opportunity some form is identified as prerequisite for radiation. evolvability, which can be enhanced by hybridization between distantly related species, may play seeding entire Within radiations, that lead speciation depend largely on (1) whether primary drivers shifts are (a) external membership itself (mostly divergent or disruptive selection) (b) due competition within (interactions members) subsequent reproductive isolation similar environments, (2) extent timing admixture. These differences translate into different patterns accumulation radiations occur extraordinary ways, continue provide rich data diversification life.

Language: Английский

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