Key uncertainties behind global projections of direct air capture deployment DOI Creative Commons
Kasra Motlaghzadeh, Vanessa Schweizer, Neil Craik

et al.

Applied Energy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 348, P. 121485 - 121485

Published: July 11, 2023

To limit global warming to levels set in the Paris Agreement, integrated assessment modeling highlights necessity of removing gigatons carbon dioxide. Direct air capture is one potential methods for dioxide removal and has gained significant attention despite being a relatively new technology. While some scenarios can meet targets without relying on direct capture, other models show need up 38 gigatons/yr by this Such wide variation projections reflects uncertainty over feasibility deploying at scale points greater model assumptions driving variation. This study provides comprehensive review from Intergovernmental Panel Climate Change Sixth Assessment Report peer-reviewed studies focusing as mitigation strategy. The identifies several key factors contributing projections, including prolonged fossil fuel use, diversity methods, future socio-economic conditions, intergenerational assumptions, deployment limitations, technology costs. recommends conducting multi-model assessments due influence various structures projections. authors also suggest different variants both utilization storage pathways models, these impact system demands, economic efficiency, public acceptability.

Language: Английский

Net zero and the unexplored politics of residual emissions DOI Creative Commons
Jens Friis Lund, Nils Markusson, Wim Carton

et al.

Energy Research & Social Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 98, P. 103035 - 103035

Published: March 9, 2023

In this perspective article, we call for more engagement with the unexplored politics of residual emissions. Residual emissions are those that remain at point net zero, despite abatement efforts. Unlike carbon dioxide removal, which has been focus a lively research and policy debate, notion remains relatively so far. With mainstreaming zero as long-term goal climate policy, set to become key contestation. Claims about tend revolve around notions necessity possibility, i.e. derive from activities deemed socially necessary yet impossible fully abate. highlight how such claims constructed ultimately contingent on values, norms interests. We upon researchers help render visible geographically historically possibility underpin projected see an important means repoliticize debates limits possibilities abatement, suggest entry points

Language: Английский

Citations

45
Sustainability limits needed for CO 2 removal DOI
Alexandra Deprez, Paul Leadley, Kate Dooley

et al.

Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 383(6682), P. 484 - 486

Published: Feb. 1, 2024

The true climate mitigation challenge is revealed by considering sustainability impacts.

Language: Английский

Citations

41
The synergistic role of carbon dioxide removal and emission reductions in achieving the Paris Agreement goal DOI
Humphrey Adun, Jeffrey Dankwa Ampah, Olusola Bamisile

et al.

Sustainable Production and Consumption, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 45, P. 386 - 407

Published: Jan. 21, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

36
Public perceptions and support of climate intervention technologies across the Global North and Global South DOI Creative Commons
Chad M. Baum, Livia Fritz, Sean Low

et al.

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: March 6, 2024

Abstract Novel, potentially radical climate intervention technologies like carbon dioxide removal and solar geoengineering are attracting attention as the adverse impacts of change increasingly felt. The ability publics, particularly in Global South, to participate discussions about research, policy, deployment is restricted amidst a lack familiarity engagement. Drawing on large-scale, cross-country exercise nationally representative surveys ( N = 30,284) 30 countries 19 languages, this article establishes first global baseline public perceptions climate-intervention technologies. Here, we show that South publics significantly more favorable potential benefits express greater support for younger age level urgency vulnerability these emerge key explanatory variables, geoengineering. Conversely, concern could undermine climate-mitigation efforts, promote an unequal distribution risks between poor rich countries.

Language: Английский

Citations

36
How “clean” is the hydrogen economy? Tracing the connections between hydrogen and fossil fuels DOI Creative Commons
Rubén Vezzoni

Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 50, P. 100817 - 100817

Published: Feb. 3, 2024

Hydrogen is experiencing a resurgence in energy transition debates. Before representing solution, however, the existing hydrogen economy still climate change headache: over 99 % of production depends on fossil fuels, oil refining accounts for 42 demand, and its transportation intertwined with infrastructure, like natural gas pipelines. This article investigates path-dependent dynamics shaping interconnections industry. It draws global networks (GPN) approach political research to provide comprehensive review current prospective end-uses hydrogen, modes transport, industrial actors state strategies, along major facilities holders intellectual property rights. The results presented this suggest that superimposition private agendas may jeopardise viability future systems requires counterbalancing forces override negative consequences transitions.

Language: Английский

Citations

29
The carbon dioxide removal gap DOI
William F. Lamb, Thomas Gasser, Rosa María Román-Cuesta

et al.

Nature Climate Change, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(6), P. 644 - 651

Published: May 3, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

29
Prioritizing Non-Carbon Dioxide Removal Mitigation Strategies Could Reduce the Negative Impacts Associated with Large-Scale Reliance on Negative Emissions DOI
Jeffrey Dankwa Ampah, Chao Jin, Haifeng Liu

et al.

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 58(8), P. 3755 - 3765

Published: Jan. 29, 2024

Carbon dioxide removal (CDR) is necessary for reaching net zero emissions, with studies showing potential deployment at multi-GtCO2 scale by 2050. However, excessive reliance on future CDR entails serious risks, including delayed emissions cuts, lock-in of fossil infrastructure, and threats to sustainability from increased resource competition. This study highlights an alternative pathway─prioritizing near-term non-CDR mitigation minimizing dependence. We impose a 1 GtCO2 limit global novel 2050, forcing aggressive early reductions compared 8–22 in higher scenarios. Our results reveal that this low pathway significantly decreases fuel use, greenhouse gas (GHG) air pollutants pathways. Driving rapid energy transitions eases pressures land (including food cropland), water, fertilizer resources required negative emissions. these gains come costs greater low/zero-carbon technology decarbonization. Overall, work provides strong evidence maximizing strategies such as renewables, electrification, carbon neutral/negative fuels, efficiency now rather than betting uncertain scaling. Ambitious decade essential prevent offer the best chance successful deep constrained scenario offers robust achieving limited impacts.

Language: Английский

Citations

24
Overconfidence in climate overshoot DOI Creative Commons
Carl-Friedrich Schleußner, Gaurav Ganti, Quentin Lejeune

et al.

Nature, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 634(8033), P. 366 - 373

Published: Oct. 9, 2024

Global emission reduction efforts continue to be insufficient meet the temperature goal of Paris Agreement

Language: Английский

Citations

23
Public perceptions on carbon removal from focus groups in 22 countries DOI Creative Commons
Sean Low, Livia Fritz, Chad M. Baum

et al.

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: April 24, 2024

Abstract Carbon removal is emerging as a pillar of governmental and industry commitments toward achieving Net Zero targets. Drawing from 44 focus groups in 22 countries, we map technical societal issues that representative sample publics raise on five major types carbon (forests, soils, direct air capture, enhanced weathering, bioenergy with capture storage), how these translate to preferences for governance actors, mechanisms, rationales. We assess gaps overlaps between global range public perceptions currently assessment, innovation, decision-making. In conclusion, outline key expectations informing assessment policy: prioritize engagement more than acceptance research; scrutiny regulation beyond incentivizing innovation; systemic coordination across sectors, levels, borders; underlying causes climate change interrelated issues.

Language: Английский

Citations

15
Rethinking Energy Geopolitics: Towards a Geopolitical Economy of Global Energy Transformation DOI Creative Commons
Caroline Kuzemko, Mathieu Blondeel, Michael Bradshaw

et al.

Geopolitics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 35

Published: May 12, 2024

We are in the midst of a global energy system transformation (GEST) which is rewiring world economy, opening new axes political contestation, and revolutionising energetic basis human civilisation. Energy geopolitics has not yet reconciled itself to this challenge. The field traditionally been preoccupied with dependence Western states on cross-border flows fossil fuels. More recently, efforts have made prospectively map out what fully renewable might look like. What both literatures miss, however, very fact GEST: that we living through changing contested process transformation, across interacting high- low-emissions systems, whose contours open actively constructed over time. In paper, start develop provisional framework make sense GEST, able capture full scale its dynamic, contingent, nature. attend three areas geopolitical economy: wide-ranging material dimensions geographical space-making, conflict-ridden economy. then apply two case studies, one looking at fraught role gas as 'transition fuel', other lithium-ion batteries.

Language: Английский

Citations

13