Spiroplasma endosymbiont reduction of host lipid synthesis and Stomoxyn-like peptide contribute to trypanosome resistance in the tsetse fly Glossina fuscipes DOI Creative Commons
Erick O. Awuoche,

Gretchen M. Smallenberger,

Daniel J. Bruzzese

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 24, 2024

Abstract Tsetse flies ( Glossina spp.) vector African trypanosomes that cause devastating diseases in humans and domestic animals. Within the genus, species Palpalis subgroup exhibit greater resistance to trypanosome infections compared those Morsitans subgroup. Varying microbiota composition species-specific genetic traits can significantly influence efficiency of parasite transmission. Notably, with endosymbiotic bacterium Spiroplasma have been documented several species, including fuscipes Gff ). While are known hinder transmission, underlying mechanisms remain unknown. To investigate Spiroplasma- mediated factors affecting competence, we conducted high-throughput RNA sequencing midgut tissue along functional assays. Our findings reveal elevated oxidative stress environment presence , evidenced by increased expression nitric oxide synthase, which catalyzes production trypanocidal oxide. Additionally, observed impaired lipid biosynthesis leading a reduction this important class nutrients essential for host physiologies. In contrast, Gff’s upregulated various immunity-related genes, small peptide, Stomoxyn-like homologous Stomoxyns first discovered stable fly Stomoxys calcitrans . We locus is exclusive genomes tsetse species. Stomoxyn constitutively expressed cardia (proventriculus) synthetic exhibits potent activity against Escherichia coli bloodstream form Trypanosoma brucei parasites, while showing no effect insect stage procyclic forms or tsetse’s commensal endosymbiont Sodalis vitro Reducing levels infection prevalence, indicating its potential role vivo Collectively, our results suggest enhanced -infected may be due reduced availability necessary metabolic maintenance. Furthermore, could play crucial initial immune response(s) mammalian parasites early process prevent gut colonization. discuss molecular characteristics Stomoxyn, spatial temporal regulation microbicidal Trypanosome parasites. reinforce nutritional influences on physiology host-pathogen dynamics. Author Summary The fly, ) high public health relevance. strong innate trypanosomes, especially when infected This study investigated how inside enables them resistant infection. indicate alterations metabolism triglycerides, suggesting barrier limits viability parasite. addition, stomoxyn, exclusively related shown has antibacterial antitrypanosomal properties lowering correlates prevalence. strategies increase prevalence enhance stomoxyn through paratransgenic approaches promising avenues reducing trypanosomiasis

Language: Английский

Octanoic acid kills Lucilia sericata (Diptera: Calliphoridae) by affecting two major defence systems: cuticular free fatty acids and immunocompetent cells DOI
Agata Kaczmarek, Anna Katarzyna Wrońska, Mieczysława Irena Boguś

et al.

Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 206, P. 108165 - 108165

Published: July 8, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

5
Spiroplasma endosymbiont reduction of host lipid synthesis and Stomoxyn-like peptide contribute to trypanosome resistance in the tsetse fly Glossina fuscipes DOI Creative Commons
Erick O. Awuoche,

Gretchen M. Smallenberger,

Daniel J. Bruzzese

et al.

PLoS Pathogens, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 21(1), P. e1012692 - e1012692

Published: Jan. 31, 2025

Tsetse flies (Glossina spp.) vector African trypanosomes that cause devastating diseases in humans and domestic animals. Within the Glossina genus, species Palpalis subgroup exhibit greater resistance to trypanosome infections compared those Morsitans subgroup. Varying microbiota composition species-specific genetic traits can significantly influence efficiency of parasite transmission. Notably, with endosymbiotic bacterium Spiroplasma have been documented several species, including fuscipes (Gff). While Gff are known hinder transmission, underlying mechanisms remain unknown. To investigate Spiroplasma-mediated factors affecting competence, we conducted high-throughput RNA sequencing gut tissue along functional assays. Our findings reveal elevated oxidative stress environment presence Spiroplasma, evidenced by increased expression nitric oxide synthase, which catalyzes production trypanocidal oxide. Additionally, observed impaired lipid biosynthesis leading a reduction this important class nutrients essential for host physiologies. In contrast, Gff's midgut upregulated various immunity-related genes, small peptide, Stomoxyn-like, homologous Stomoxyn first discovered stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans. We Stomoxyn-like locus is exclusive genomes tsetse species. GffStomoxyn constitutively expressed cardia (proventriculus) synthetic exhibits potent activity against Escherichia coli bloodstream form Trypanosoma brucei parasites, while showing no effect insect stage procyclic forms or tsetse's commensal endosymbiont Sodalis vitro. Reducing levels infection prevalence, indicating its potential role vivo. Collectively, our results suggest enhanced Spiroplasma-infected may be due reduced availability necessary metabolic maintenance. Furthermore, could play crucial initial immune response(s) mammalian parasites early process prevent colonization. discuss molecular characteristics GffStomoxyn, spatial temporal regulation microbicidal Trypanosome parasites. reinforce nutritional influences on physiology host-pathogen dynamics.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
The flavouring agent, 2-octenoic acid kills Galleria mellonella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) by affecting their immunocompetent cells and cuticular FFA profiles DOI
Agata Kaczmarek, Mieczysława Irena Boguś

Journal of Insect Physiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 161, P. 104779 - 104779

Published: Feb. 11, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Spiroplasma endosymbiont reduction of host lipid synthesis and Stomoxyn-like peptide contribute to trypanosome resistance in the tsetse fly Glossina fuscipes DOI Creative Commons
Erick O. Awuoche,

Gretchen M. Smallenberger,

Daniel J. Bruzzese

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 24, 2024

Abstract Tsetse flies ( Glossina spp.) vector African trypanosomes that cause devastating diseases in humans and domestic animals. Within the genus, species Palpalis subgroup exhibit greater resistance to trypanosome infections compared those Morsitans subgroup. Varying microbiota composition species-specific genetic traits can significantly influence efficiency of parasite transmission. Notably, with endosymbiotic bacterium Spiroplasma have been documented several species, including fuscipes Gff ). While are known hinder transmission, underlying mechanisms remain unknown. To investigate Spiroplasma- mediated factors affecting competence, we conducted high-throughput RNA sequencing midgut tissue along functional assays. Our findings reveal elevated oxidative stress environment presence , evidenced by increased expression nitric oxide synthase, which catalyzes production trypanocidal oxide. Additionally, observed impaired lipid biosynthesis leading a reduction this important class nutrients essential for host physiologies. In contrast, Gff’s upregulated various immunity-related genes, small peptide, Stomoxyn-like homologous Stomoxyns first discovered stable fly Stomoxys calcitrans . We locus is exclusive genomes tsetse species. Stomoxyn constitutively expressed cardia (proventriculus) synthetic exhibits potent activity against Escherichia coli bloodstream form Trypanosoma brucei parasites, while showing no effect insect stage procyclic forms or tsetse’s commensal endosymbiont Sodalis vitro Reducing levels infection prevalence, indicating its potential role vivo Collectively, our results suggest enhanced -infected may be due reduced availability necessary metabolic maintenance. Furthermore, could play crucial initial immune response(s) mammalian parasites early process prevent gut colonization. discuss molecular characteristics Stomoxyn, spatial temporal regulation microbicidal Trypanosome parasites. reinforce nutritional influences on physiology host-pathogen dynamics. Author Summary The fly, ) high public health relevance. strong innate trypanosomes, especially when infected This study investigated how inside enables them resistant infection. indicate alterations metabolism triglycerides, suggesting barrier limits viability parasite. addition, stomoxyn, exclusively related shown has antibacterial antitrypanosomal properties lowering correlates prevalence. strategies increase prevalence enhance stomoxyn through paratransgenic approaches promising avenues reducing trypanosomiasis

Language: Английский

Citations

0