The endocannabinoid system and breathing

Frontiers in Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 17

Published: April 18, 2023

Recent changes in cannabis accessibility have provided adjunct therapies for patients across numerous disease states and highlights the urgency understanding how cannabinoids endocannabinoid (EC) system interact with other physiological structures. The EC plays a critical modulatory role respiratory homeostasis pulmonary functionality. Respiratory control begins brainstem without peripheral input, coordinates preBötzinger complex, component of ventral group that interacts dorsal to synchronize burstlet activity drive inspiration. An additional rhythm generator: retrotrapezoid nucleus/parafacial drives active expiration during conditions exercise or high CO2. Combined feedback information from periphery: through chemo- baroreceptors including carotid bodies, cranial nerves, stretch diaphragm intercostal muscles, lung tissue, immune cells, our can fine tune motor outputs ensure we oxygen necessary survive expel CO2 waste produce, every aspect this process be influenced by system. expansion access potential therapeutic benefits, it is essential investigations continue uncover underpinnings mechanistic workings It imperative understand impact cannabis, exogenous on these systems, some compounds mitigate depression when combined opioids medicinal therapies. This review perspective central versus functionality behaviors will summarize literature available organic synthetic breathing has shaped homeostasis. Finally, look at future applications offer treatment diseases possible expanding safety profile opioid while preventing overdose fatalities result arrest persistent apnea.

Language: Английский

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Are we moving the dial? Canadian health research funding trends for women’s health, 2S/LGBTQ + health, sex, or gender considerations

Biology of Sex Differences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: June 15, 2023

Abstract Background Sex and gender impacts health outcomes disease risk throughout life. The of women members the Two-Spirit, Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer or Questioning (2S/LGBTQ +) community is often compromised as they experience delays in diagnosis. Distinct knowledge gaps these populations have prompted funding agencies to mandate incorporation sex into research. Sex- gender-informed research perspectives methodology increases rigor, promotes discovery, expands relevance Thus, Canadian Institutes Health Research (CIHR) implemented a gender-based analysis (SGBA) framework recommending inclusion SGBA project proposals 2010 then mandating grant 2019. To examine whether this resulted increased mention funded abstracts, we searched publicly available database abstracts by CIHR analyze percentage that mentioned population be studied better understand broader equity issues also examined either female-specific within 2S/LGBTQ + community. Results We categorized total 8,964 Project Operating awarded from 2009 2020 based on their study gender. Overall, under 3% explicitly and/or gender, 1.94% sex, 0.66% As one goals inform understudied with respect SGBA, found 5.92% outcomes, 0.35% focused Conclusions Although there was an number grants across time, were less than 2% between 2020. mentioning differences did not change significantly over time. dollars allocated which substantially 2020, increasing 1.26% 3.47%, respectively, decreasing 0.49% no for +-specific health. Our findings suggest more work needs done ensure public can evaluate what will advance awareness

Language: Английский

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Association of anthropogenic heat with asthma and related symptoms among children in China: a novel index reflecting climate change

Sustainable Cities and Society, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 116, P. 105913 - 105913

Published: Oct. 16, 2024

Language: Английский

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Sex-Based Differences in the Presentation and Outcomes of Acute Pulmonary Embolism: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Texas Heart Institute Journal, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 50(4)

Published: Aug. 11, 2023

Abstract Background The study aimed to review differences in the presentation and outcomes of acute pulmonary embolism (PE) between men women. Methods PubMed, CENTRAL, Web Science, Embase were searched for studies comparing clinical features or PE Baseline comorbidities, risk factors, features, mortality rates also compared Results Fourteen included. It was noted that presented with at a statistically significantly younger age than women ( P < .001). Smoking history .001), lung disease = .004), malignancy .02), unprovoked .004) more frequent among There no difference sexes hypertension, diabetes, recent immobilization. A higher proportion chest pain .02) hemoptysis whereas syncope .005) Compared men, had high-risk .003). use thrombolytic therapy inferior vena cava filter. Neither crude nor adjusted different Conclusion This found presentation, symptoms differed Limited data suggest frequently but did not differ 2 sexes. Importantly, both show rate

Language: Английский

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Symptom Burden of Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Attending the Westmead Breathlessness Service: Prevalence, Associations, and Sex-Related Differences

International Journal of COPD, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: Volume 18, P. 2825 - 2837

Published: Nov. 1, 2023

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive resulting in range of symptoms including breathlessness. "Symptom burden" describes the severity and impact multiple an individual best quantified using validated symptom instruments but not routinely measured clinical practice. Therefore, we wanted to assess overall burden patients with moderate-to-severe COPD find associated independent predictors.A single-centre cross-sectional study who attended Westmead Breathlessness Service between March 2017 May 2022 was conducted. We obtained baseline demographic data, lung function, assessed quality life (CAT), anxiety/depression (HADS), (CMSAS). compared variables men women unpaired t tests or Mann-Whitney for continuous variables, Fisher's exact categorical variables. used regression look predictors burden. Data were analysed Stata/IC 15.1.Eighty-nine COPD, mean age 72.6 years, 55% male, FEV1 32% predicted, reported average 8.9 6.9 physical 1.6 psychological symptoms. The most common shortness breath (100%) lack energy (80%), worrying (65%) feeling anxious (61%). Median CMSAS total score higher than (1.34 versus 1.04, respectively; p=0.03) more experiencing nervousness (p=0.011) anxiety (p=0.005). Female sex (p=0.003), HADS-Anxiety (p=0.0001), HADS-Depression (p=0.0001) independently linear model explained 63% variability.Very high exists among severe COPD. Anxiety, depression, female increasing Identifying understanding differences symptoms, interventions targeting depression may help reduce within this population.

Language: Английский

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