Significant increase in forest canopy mortality in boreal forests in Southeast Finland

Forest Ecology and Management, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 565, P. 122020 - 122020

Published: June 5, 2024

Language: Английский

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Enhanced trends in spectral greening and climate anomalies across Europe

Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 195(2)

Published: Jan. 4, 2023

Europe witnessed a strong increase in climate variability and enhanced climate-induced extreme events, such as hot drought periods, mega heat waves, persistent flooding flash floods. Intensified land degradation, use, landcover changes further amplified the pressure on environmental system functionalities fuelled change feedbacks. On other hand, global satellite observations detected positive spectral greening trend-most likely response to rising atmospheric CO2 concentrations warming. But which are engines behind shifts surface reflectance patterns, vegetation changes, or anomalies control mechanisms? This article compares long-term variables (1948-2021) recent index data (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), 2001-2021) presents regional trends across Europe. Results show that response, temperature, rainfall, soil moisture accompanied by over large parts of dynamics strongly coupled increased temperature during winter early growing season northern latitudes. Simultaneously, precipitation, increasing. Such amplification enhances vulnerability cover events.

Language: Английский

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Keep cool in a changing climate: an integrated modelling procedure for costeffective mitigation of rising temperatures in rural landscapes

Climatic Change, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 178(5)

Published: May 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Assessing cross-boundary wildfire hazard, transmission, and exposure to communities in the Italy-France Maritime cooperation area

Frontiers in Forests and Global Change, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 6

Published: Sept. 27, 2023

The growing threats posed by wildfires in Southern Europe are calling for the development of comprehensive and sound management risk assessment strategies. In this work, we present application wildfire simulation modeling based on minimum travel time (MTT) algorithm to assess fine-scale (100-m resolution) hazard, transmission, exposure communities Italy-France Maritime cooperation area (Sardinia, Corsica, Tuscany, Liguria Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur), which cover about 72,000 km 2 land. We simulated thousands considering current landscape characterized measured factors profiles taking into account historical fire regimes, fuels, winds fuel moisture conditions associated with occurrence largest (>100 ha) that affected study last 20 years. Individual fires were at 100-m resolution, consistent input files. Modeled annual burn probability ignition revealed Sardinia was Region most wildfires. outputs then combined main land uses building footprint locations characterize transmission communities, summarized vegetation types Regions. This presents a cross-boundary standardized approach spread analyze quantify Europe. stochastic systems implemented used harmonized sets data vast, fire-prone Mediterranean area, where previous similar studies conducted coarser resolutions covered lower extent lands. presented work can be as reference pillar implementation common monitoring, management, governance plan area. methods findings replicated neighboring other regions threatened

Language: Английский

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Significant Increase in Forest Canopy Mortality in Boreal Forests in Southeast Finland

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

In recent decades, increases in severe drought, heat extremes, and bark beetle outbreaks have increased global tree mortality. These risks are expected to be exacerbated under projected climate change. So far, observations of mortality mainly based on manual field surveys with limited spatial coverage. The lack accurate data over large areas has the development applications models. However, a combination high-resolution remote sensing data, such as aerial imagery automated analysis, may provide solution this problem. study, we analysed dynamics drivers forest canopy (standing dead trees) approximately 1200 km2 boreal Southeast Finland, between 2017-2023. For purpose, first developed convolutional neural network (CNN) U-Net architecture, automatically segment standing wood from 2017, 2020, 2023 resolution 0.5 m. Secondly, trained model using dataset consisting 32555 manually delineated segments various geographic regions Finland. showed high accuracy detecting trees (with an F1 score 0.86-0.93) when tested independent validation dataset. To estimate volume, combined observed yearly open resource information extensive campaigns airborne laser scanning. our study area, 23.4 ha (0.02% area) 207.8 (0.2%) 2017 2023. Consequently, deadwood volume was estimated increase 5192 m3 (0.04 m3/ha) 52800 (0.45 during period. Both extent affected by exponentially. majority occurred Norway spruce-dominated forests (64.1-77.3 %) relatively fertile soils (81.6-84.7 %). Whereas 20-25 % Scots pine-dominated forests. average age stands where 60-70 years old (2017 = 69.7 62.6 years), indicating that mature were more susceptible than younger stands.Our findings highlight exponential short time span (6 years). increasing risk underlines urgent need for large-scale spatially monitoring keep up date fast-paced changes As change extreme outbreaks, consistent mapping is essential implementing timely management measures forestry.

Language: Английский

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Comparison of deacclimation and reacclimation of silver birch, Norway spruce and Scots pine seedlings during winter warm and cold spells in Nordic boreal conditions

New Forests, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 55(6), P. 1733 - 1751

Published: June 25, 2024

Abstract Climate change means that in many areas boreal region, the duration and thickness of winter snow cover is decreasing. Young seedlings are exposed to fluctuating temperatures absence protecting cover. Responses warm cold spells were studied with Scots pine ( Pinus sylvestris L.), silver birch Betula pendula Roth.), Norway spruce Picea abies (L.) Karts.) container Finland. The frost hardiness whole buds was determined for sampled directly from outdoor overwintering conditions, after 7-day deacclimation (+5 °C; +7 °C late March) combined reacclimation − 7 °C) treatments between January March. 40 30 early spruces tolerated at least 50 midwinter, but their conditions decreased more rapidly March than pines. Silver February. During simulated spells, deacclimated without an ability reacclimate during spells. also deacclimated, they had some February March, not In Nordic one-year-old pines birches respond strongly snowless winters, whereas can tolerate typical may reduce

Language: Английский

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Climate-Smart Forestry: A Review of Approaches, Management Strategies, and Risk Mitigation

Published: June 19, 2023

This essay review explores the concept of climate-smart forestry as an approach to mitigating and adapting climate change. It highlights need for a holistic that considers regional differences synergies between ecosystem services. The discusses various management strategies at different scales, including species selection, mixed cultivation, promotion bioeconomy. also examines trade-offs forest uses effects on Furthermore, addresses major abiotic biotic damage risks forests, such wildfires, windstorms, bark beetle attacks, proposes risk strategies. Lastly, delves into peatland discussing role drainage, impact ditch network maintenance, challenges peat ash fertilization. Overall, provides valuable insights its potential contribute change mitigation adaptation.

Language: Английский

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OpenStreetMap-Based Mapping Tool to Support TREEADS Holistic Fire Management Ecosystem for Prevention, Detection and Restoration of Environmental Disasters

Communications in computer and information science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 107 - 118

Published: Oct. 18, 2024

Language: Английский

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