Antioxidants,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
11(3), P. 555 - 555
Published: March 15, 2022
The
heme
oxygenase
(HO)
enzyme
system
catabolizes
to
carbon
monoxide
(CO),
ferrous
iron,
and
biliverdin-IXα
(BV),
which
is
reduced
bilirubin-IXα
(BR)
by
biliverdin
reductase
(BVR).
HO
activity
represented
two
distinct
isozymes,
the
inducible
form,
HO-1,
a
constitutive
HO-2,
encoded
genes
(HMOX1,
HMOX2,
respectively).
HO-1
responds
transcriptional
activation
in
response
wide
variety
of
chemical
physical
stimuli,
including
its
natural
substrate
heme,
oxidants,
phytochemical
antioxidants.
expression
regulated
NF-E2-related
factor-2
counter-regulated
Bach-1,
heme-sensitive
manner.
Additionally,
HMOX1
promoter
polymorphisms
have
been
associated
with
human
disease.
induction
can
confer
protection
inflammatory
conditions
through
removal
pro-oxidant
potential
catalyst
lipid
peroxidation,
whereas
iron
released
from
may
trigger
ferritin
synthesis
or
ferroptosis.
production
heme-derived
reaction
products
(i.e.,
BV,
BR)
contribute
HO-dependent
cytoprotection
via
antioxidant
immunomodulatory
effects.
BVR
BR
newly
recognized
roles
regulation.
CO
alter
mitochondrial
function
leading
modulation
downstream
signaling
pathways
that
culminate
anti-apoptotic,
anti-inflammatory,
anti-proliferative
This
review
will
present
evidence
for
beneficial
effects
diseases,
cardiovascular
disease
(CVD),
metabolic
conditions,
diabetes
obesity,
as
well
acute
chronic
diseases
liver,
kidney,
lung.
Strategies
targeting
pathway,
genetic
expression,
application
BR,
gas,
donor
compounds
show
therapeutic
organ
ischemia/reperfusion
injury.
Evidence
studies
indicate
represent
biomarker
oxidative
stress
various
clinical
while
increases
serum
levels
correlated
inversely
risk
CVD
Ongoing
trials
investigate
Bioactive Materials,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
7, P. 47 - 72
Published: June 20, 2021
Interventional
coronary
reperfusion
strategies
are
widely
adopted
to
treat
acute
myocardial
infarction,
but
morbidity
and
mortality
of
infarction
still
high.
Reperfusion
injuries
inevitable
due
the
generation
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS)
apoptosis
cardiac
muscle
cells.
However,
many
antioxidant
anti-inflammatory
drugs
largely
limited
by
pharmacokinetics
route
administration,
such
as
short
half-life,
low
stability,
bioavailability,
side
effects
for
treatment
ischemia
injury.
Therefore,
it
is
necessary
develop
effective
technologies
address
this
issue.
Fortunately,
nanotherapies
have
demonstrated
great
opportunities
treating
Compared
with
traditional
drugs,
nanodrugs
can
effectively
increase
therapeutic
effect
reduces
improving
pharmacokinetic
pharmacodynamic
properties
nanodrugs'
size,
shape,
material
characteristics.
In
review,
biology
ROS
molecular
mechanisms
injury
discussed.
Furthermore,
we
summarized
applications
ROS-based
nanoparticles,
highlighting
latest
achievements
nanotechnology
researches
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
24(11), P. 9352 - 9352
Published: May 27, 2023
This
review
focuses
on
the
multiple
and
reciprocal
relationships
that
exist
between
oxidative
stress,
hyperglycemia
diabetes
related
metabolic
disorders.
Human
metabolism
uses
most
of
consumed
glucose
under
aerobic
conditions.
Oxygen
is
needed
in
mitochondria
to
obtain
energy,
as
well
for
action
microsomal
oxidases
cytosolic
pro-oxidant
enzymes.
relentlessly
generates
a
certain
amount
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS).
Although
ROS
are
intracellular
signals
necessary
some
physiological
processes,
their
accumulation
leads
hyperglycemia,
progressive
resistance
insulin.
A
cellular
versus
an
antioxidant
equilibrium
would
regulate
levels,
but
pro-inflammatory
conditions
feed
back
each
other
relevance
interconnections
tends
increase
those
Hyperglycemia
promotes
collateral
through
protein
kinase
C,
polyols
hexosamine
routes.
In
addition,
it
also
facilitates
spontaneous
auto-oxidation
formation
advanced
glycation
end
products
(AGEs),
which
turn
interact
with
receptors
(RAGE).
The
mentioned
processes
undermine
structures,
finally
giving
place
progressively
greater
degree
stress
further
alterations,
complications.
NFκB
major
transcription
factor
involved
expression
mediators,
while
Nrf2
regulating
response.
FoxO
equilibrium,
its
role
controversial.
summarizes
key
factors
linking
diverse
routes
enhanced
vice
versa,
emphasizing
desirable
balance
proteins.
Antioxidants,
Journal Year:
2017,
Volume and Issue:
6(2), P. 29 - 29
Published: May 5, 2017
The
upregulation
of
heme
oxygenase-1
(HO-1)
is
one
the
most
important
mechanisms
cell
adaptation
to
stress.
Indeed,
redox
sensitive
transcription
factor
Nrf2
pivotal
regulator
HO-1
induction.
Through
antioxidant,
antiapoptotic,
and
antinflammatory
properties
its
metabolic
products,
plays
a
key
role
in
healthy
cells
maintaining
homeostasis
preventing
carcinogenesis.
Nevertheless,
several
lines
evidence
have
highlighted
cancer
progression
expression
correlates
with
tumor
growth,
aggressiveness,
metastatic
angiogenetic
potential,
resistance
therapy,
escape,
poor
prognosis,
even
though
tumor-
tissue-specific
activity
has
been
observed.
In
this
review,
we
summarize
current
literature
regarding
pro-tumorigenic
dependent
as
promising
target
anticancer
strategy.
Environmental Science Nano,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
7(1), P. 272 - 285
Published: Dec. 5, 2019
Our
results
show
that
both
nPS
are
easily
internalized
by
Caco-2
cells
in
a
concentration-dependent
manner,
but
no
relevant
toxic
effects
observed
under
the
analyzed
exposure
conditions.
