Nocturnin promotes NADH and ATP production for juvenile hormone biosynthesis in adult insects

Pest Management Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 25, 2025

Abstract BACKGROUND Juvenile hormone (JH) is a key endocrine governing insect development, metamorphosis and reproduction. JH analogs have offered great potential for pest control. In adulthood, titer rapidly increases in the previtellogenic period reaches peak vitellogenic phase. However, regulatory mechanisms of biosynthesis corpora allata (CA) adult insects remain largely unknown. RESULTS We observed that mitochondrial abundance, as well levels NADH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, reduced form) adenosine triphosphate (ATP), increased CA adults, peaking during stage. The transcripts Nocturnin (Noct), which converts nicotinamide dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) to ATP production, were more abundant compared those other enzymes involved conventional NADH‐producing metabolic pathways. developmental expression pattern Noct was like level. RNA interference‐mediated knockdown caused significant decrease contents, along with markedly 12 genes pathway. Loss function resulted remarkably vitellogenin , accompanied by arrested ovarian growth oocyte maturation. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrated plays crucial role high via regulating production. findings reveal previously unknown aspect metabolism provide valuable information developing control strategies targeting © 2025 Society Chemical Industry.

Language: Английский

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The Elongator complex regulates larval-pupal metamorphosis by modulating ecdysteroid biosynthesis in the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 303, P. 140676 - 140676

Published: Feb. 4, 2025

Language: Английский

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Methuselah‐like 2 mediated 20‐hydroxyecdysone (20E) signaling regulates molting and fecundity in Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae)

Pest Management Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 21, 2025

Abstract BACKGROUND G protein‐coupled receptors (GPCRs) are very promising as the targets of endogenous neuropeptides/neuromodulators that, upon binding to receptors, induce profound changes in insect physiology. The Methuselan/Methuselan‐like subfamily GPCRs is reported be associated with longevity and stress resistance. A previous study showed fungicide jingangmycin‐induced expression Mthl2 enhanced resistance Nilaparvata lugens . However, other physiological functions remain unelucidated. RESULTS was highly expressed before molting decreased after that until next ecdysis, showing a cyclical pattern related behavior predominantly distributed cuticle‐producing reproductive tissues N. Silencing by RNAi nymphs disrupted synthesis 20E, caused downregulation 20E signaling‐related genes, further affected transcription cuticular proteins. Moreover, it led malformation integument structure declined emergence rate, whereas exogenous could rescue rate knockdown Furthermore, depletion through nymphal stage influenced development ovaries fecundity female adults. soluble protein content tissues, transcript levels Vitellogenin (Vg) were significantly silencing , ultimately leading decline number offspring an obviously transgenerational consequence. CONCLUSION current revealed which can used RNAi‐based insecticide discovery control this pest. © 2025 Society Chemical Industry.

Language: Английский

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Insect metamorphosis and chitin metabolism under miRNA regulation: a review with current advances

Pest Management Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 13, 2025

Abstract Insect metamorphosis is a complex developmental process regulated by microRNAs (miRNAs) and hormonal signaling pathways. Key genes driving insect ontogenic changes are precisely modulated miRNAs, which interact with 20‐hydroxyecdysone (20E) juvenile hormone (JH) to coordinate transitions. Over the past decade, significant progress has been made in understanding miRNA biogenesis, their regulatory roles gene expression, involvement critical biological processes, including chitin metabolism. miRNAs now recognized as essential regulators of metabolism signaling, ensuring precise control development. Disrupting expression participating pathways through leads aberrant consequent lethal outcomes, highlighting potential targets for pest control. This review summarizes current advances miRNA‐mediated regulation metabolism, focus on interactions 20E JH By integrating recent findings, we provide insights into molecular mechanisms underlying function transitions applications management strategies. © 2025 Society Chemical Industry.

Language: Английский

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Interactions of juvenile hormone, 20-hydroxyecdysone, developmental genes, and miRNAs during pupal development in Apis mellifera

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: March 26, 2025

Abstract Insect development is primarily controlled by juvenile hormone (JH) and 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E), which regulate gene cascades leading to changes in phenotype, physiology, behavior. Besides these hormones, microRNAs play a crucial role insect regulating expression at the post-transcriptional level. To advance molecular understanding of holometabolous developmental events, we investigate pupal phase honeybee, Apis mellifera . In this study, assessed profiles genes components JH 20E – Usp, ftz-f1, EcR, Met, Chd64, InR-2, Kr-h1 Tai as well miRNA-34 miRNA-281 during A. We then analyzed impact treatments on their putative regulators, microRNAs. Overall, selected miRNAs remained stable or were downregulated following treatment, while with JH, upregulated most our candidate Notably, profile Met , an intracellular receptor showed strong correlation fluctuations titers development. Furthermore, computational analysis, followed experimental assays, points both miR-34 miR-281 potential regulators This study paves way for better how hormones interact (miR-34 miR-281) honeybees, elucidating piece complex network interactions.

Language: Английский

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