Morning exercise and pre‐breakfast metformin interact to reduce glycaemia in people with type 2 diabetes: a randomized crossover trial DOI Creative Commons
B. J. Carrillo, E. R. Cope, Satı Gürel

et al.

The Journal of Physiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 24, 2024

Abstract Exercise is recommended in the treatment of type 2 diabetes and can improve insulin sensitivity. However, previous evidence suggests that exercise at different times day people with may have opposing outcomes on glycaemia. Metformin most commonly prescribed initial pharmacological intervention diabetes, alter adaptions to exercise. It unknown if there an interaction between metformin diurnal outcomes. We aimed investigate glycaemic moderate intensity morning vs . evening being monotherapy. In this study, nine males females undergoing monotherapy (age 61 ± 8.2 years, mean SD) completed a 16‐week crossover trial including 2‐week baseline recording, 6 weeks randomly assigned (07.00–10.00 h) or (16.00–19.00 wash‐out period. arms consisted 30 min walking 70% estimated max heart rate every other day. Glucose levels were measured continuous glucose monitors activity by wrist‐worn monitors. Food‐intake was recorded 4‐day food diaries during baseline, first last each arm. There no difference intensity, total caloric intake physical arms. As primary outcomes, acute (24 area under curve (AUC), lower ( P = 0.02) after (180.6 68.4 mmol/l) compared (210.3 76.7 mmol/l); differences identified for (mmol/l) any specific time point when data analysed two‐way ANOVA. secondary AUC significantly 0.01) participants taking before breakfast (152.5 29.95 (227.2 61.51 only arm; 5–6 protocol, 0.04) (168.8 15.8 mmol/l), rather than (224.5 52.0 Our reveal acutely lowers metformin. This appears be driven individuals consumed prior breakfast. beneficial effect upon combined pre‐breakfast persisted through final trial. findings suggest benefit management glycaemia diabetes. image Key points Morning persistently reduced post‐breakfast week (week 6) intervention. study it possible make simple changes take perform their blood glucose.

Language: Английский

Nutrition and exercise: Cornerstones of health with emphasis on obesity and type 2 diabetes management—A narrative review DOI Creative Commons
H. Kim, Oran Kwon

Obesity Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(8)

Published: May 7, 2024

Summary While a broad consensus exists that integrated nutrition and regular exercise are foundational for health maintenance serve as robust non‐pharmacological strategy against cardiometabolic diseases, the nuanced interplay between these elements remains incompletely understood. Through multifaceted interactions, factors profoundly influence primary metabolic organs, notably skeletal muscle adipose tissue. Despite critical nature of this interactivity, holistic understanding combined effects physical activity dietary practices is still emerging. This narrative review aims to elucidate intertwined roles exercise. It provides comprehensive overview their synergistic dynamics emphasizes importance dual‐focus approach in mitigating managing disorders, predominantly obesity type 2 diabetes.

Language: Английский

Citations

5
Diurnal timing of physical activity and risk of colorectal cancer in the UK Biobank DOI Creative Commons
Michael J. Stein, Hansjörg Baurecht, Patricia Bohmann

et al.

BMC Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: Sept. 18, 2024

Abstract Background Physical activity reduces colorectal cancer risk, yet the diurnal timing of physical in etiology remains unclear. Methods This study used 24-h accelerometry time series from UK Biobank participants aged 42 to 79 years derive circadian patterns using functional principal component analysis. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models were examine associations with risk. Results Among 86,252 (56% women), 529 cases occurred during a median 5.3-year follow-up. We identified four that explained almost 100% data variability day. A pattern continuous day-long was inversely associated risk (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.94, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.89–0.99). second late-day suggestively related (HR 0.93, CI 0.85–1.02). third early- plus decreased 0.89, 0.80–0.99). fourth mid-day night-time showed no relation 1.02, 0.88–1.19). Our results consistent across various sensitivity analyses, including restriction never smokers, exclusion first 2 follow-up, and adjustment for shift work. Conclusions is reduced beyond benefits overall activity. Further research needed confirm role prevention.

Language: Английский

Citations

5
Chrono-exercise: Time-of-day-dependent physiological responses to exercise DOI Creative Commons
Hyeon‐Ki Kim, Zsolt Radák, Masaki Takahashi

et al.

Sports Medicine and Health Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 5(1), P. 50 - 58

Published: Nov. 30, 2022

Exercise is an effective strategy to prevent and improve obesity related metabolic diseases. increases the demand in body. Although many of health benefits exercise depend on skeletal muscle adaptations, exerts its effects through liver, adipose tissue, pancreas. Therefore, physiological state which inter-organ signaling most important. By contrast, circadian rhythms mammals are associated with regulation several biological functions, including body temperature, sleep-wake cycle, physical activity, hormone secretion, metabolism, controlled by clock genes. Glucose lipid tolerance reportedly exhibit diurnal variations, being lower evening than morning. substrate metabolism at different times day may differ. In this review, importance timing considerations will be outlined, incorporating a chrono-exercise perspective.

Language: Английский

Citations

20
Best Time of Day for Strength and Endurance Training to Improve Health and Performance? A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis DOI Creative Commons
Fabienne Bruggisser, Raphael Knaier, Ralf Roth

et al.

Sports Medicine - Open, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: May 19, 2023

Current recommendations for physical exercise include information about the frequency, intensity, type, and duration of exercise. However, to date, there are no on what time day one should The aim was perform a systematic review with meta-analysis investigate if training in intervention studies influences degree improvements performance or health-related outcomes. databases EMBASE, PubMed, Cochrane Library, SPORTDiscus were searched from inception January 2023. Eligibility criteria that conducted structured endurance and/or strength minimum two sessions per week at least 2 weeks compared between different times using randomized crossover parallel group design. From 14,125 screened articles, 26 articles included which seven also meta-analyses. Both qualitative synthesis quantitative (i.e., meta-analysis) provide little evidence against hypothesis specific leads more performance-related outcomes other times. There some is benefit when testing occur same day, mainly Overall, risk bias most high. current state research provides neither nor being beneficial, but larger effects congruency This improve design execution future this topic. PROSPERO (CRD42021246468).

Language: Английский

Citations

12
Morning exercise and pre‐breakfast metformin interact to reduce glycaemia in people with type 2 diabetes: a randomized crossover trial DOI Creative Commons
B. J. Carrillo, E. R. Cope, Satı Gürel

et al.

The Journal of Physiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 24, 2024

Abstract Exercise is recommended in the treatment of type 2 diabetes and can improve insulin sensitivity. However, previous evidence suggests that exercise at different times day people with may have opposing outcomes on glycaemia. Metformin most commonly prescribed initial pharmacological intervention diabetes, alter adaptions to exercise. It unknown if there an interaction between metformin diurnal outcomes. We aimed investigate glycaemic moderate intensity morning vs . evening being monotherapy. In this study, nine males females undergoing monotherapy (age 61 ± 8.2 years, mean SD) completed a 16‐week crossover trial including 2‐week baseline recording, 6 weeks randomly assigned (07.00–10.00 h) or (16.00–19.00 wash‐out period. arms consisted 30 min walking 70% estimated max heart rate every other day. Glucose levels were measured continuous glucose monitors activity by wrist‐worn monitors. Food‐intake was recorded 4‐day food diaries during baseline, first last each arm. There no difference intensity, total caloric intake physical arms. As primary outcomes, acute (24 area under curve (AUC), lower ( P = 0.02) after (180.6 68.4 mmol/l) compared (210.3 76.7 mmol/l); differences identified for (mmol/l) any specific time point when data analysed two‐way ANOVA. secondary AUC significantly 0.01) participants taking before breakfast (152.5 29.95 (227.2 61.51 only arm; 5–6 protocol, 0.04) (168.8 15.8 mmol/l), rather than (224.5 52.0 Our reveal acutely lowers metformin. This appears be driven individuals consumed prior breakfast. beneficial effect upon combined pre‐breakfast persisted through final trial. findings suggest benefit management glycaemia diabetes. image Key points Morning persistently reduced post‐breakfast week (week 6) intervention. study it possible make simple changes take perform their blood glucose.

Language: Английский

Citations

4