Diabetes & Metabolism, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 51(1), P. 101603 - 101603
Published: Dec. 13, 2024
Language: Английский
Diabetes Care, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 48(Supplement_1), P. S27 - S49
Published: Dec. 9, 2024
The American Diabetes Association (ADA) "Standards of Care in Diabetes" includes the ADA's current clinical practice recommendations and is intended to provide components diabetes care, general treatment goals guidelines, tools evaluate quality care. Members ADA Professional Practice Committee, an interprofessional expert committee, are responsible for updating Standards annually, or more frequently as warranted. For a detailed description standards, statements, reports, well evidence-grading system full list Committee members, please refer Introduction Methodology. Readers who wish comment on invited do so at professional.diabetes.org/SOC.
Language: Английский
Citations
72
Genome Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(1)
Published: Feb. 19, 2024
Abstract Polygenic scores (PGS) can be used for risk stratification by quantifying individuals’ genetic predisposition to disease, and many potentially clinically useful applications have been proposed. Here, we review the latest potential benefits of PGS in clinic challenges implementation. could augment through combined use with traditional factors (demographics, disease-specific factors, family history, etc.), support diagnostic pathways, predict groups therapeutic benefits, increase efficiency clinical trials. However, there exist maximizing utility PGS, including FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable) standardized sharing genomic data needed develop recalculate equitable performance across populations ancestries, generation robust reproducible calculations, responsible communication interpretation results. We outline how these may overcome analytically more diverse as well highlight sustained community efforts achieve equitable, impactful, healthcare.
Language: Английский
Citations
30
Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14
Published: Jan. 4, 2024
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is caused by an autoimmune process which culminates in the destruction of insulin-producing beta cells pancreas. It widely believed that a complex and multifactorial interplay between genetic environmental factors, such as viruses, play crucial role development disease. Research over past few decades has shown there not one single viral culprit, nor pathway, causing Rather, infections, most notably enteroviruses (EV), appear to accelerate leading T1D are often seen precipitator clinical diagnosis. In support this hypothesis, use anti-viral drugs recently efficacy preserving cell function after onset diabetes. review, we will discuss various pathways infections utilize T1D. There three key mechanisms linking beta-cell death: One modulated direct infection islets resulting their impaired function, another occurs more indirect fashion, modulating immune system, third heightened stress on interferon-mediated increase insulin resistance. The first two aspects surprisingly difficult study, case former, because still many questions about how viruses might persist for longer time periods. latter, indirect/immune case, impact immunity hit-and-run scenario, meaning or all footprints quickly vanish, while changes imprinted upon system anti-islet response persist. Given fact associated with precipitation autoimmunity, concerns regarding recent global coronavirus-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic long-term effects COVID-19 therefore be discussed, including increased new cases Understanding autoimmunity advancing our knowledge field developing targeted therapeutic interventions. review examine intricate relationship potential considerations prevention treatment strategies.
Language: Английский
Citations
20
Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: Feb. 20, 2025
ABSTRACT Type 1 diabetes (T1D) has two pre‐symptomatic phases (stages and 2) with progressive destruction of beta cells which have been identified through longitudinal cohort studies in recent decades. The definition T1D, hyperglycaemia that may or not be symptomatic, is now defined as stage 3. There growing evidence screening for stages 2 reduces rates diabetic ketoacidosis prevents long‐term complications. These can by the presence islet autoantibodies are markers autoimmune cell damage. Furthermore, genetic risk scores, combine a variety single nucleotide polymorphisms, identify people at high future T1D. Thus, they provide an opportunity to select high‐risk individuals autoantibody testing. Individuals having T1D require ongoing monitoring detect need insulin replacement. also eligible emerging immunotherapies delay progression This review article explores current summarises recommended clinical care early‐stage
Language: Английский
Citations
1
Bulletin of the National Research Centre/Bulletin of the National Research Center, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 48(1)
Published: April 19, 2024
Abstract Background Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease leading to destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells. Both genetic and environmental factors contribute pathogenesis. The incidence T1D increasing worldwide, with significant geographic ethnic variations. Patients present symptoms hyperglycemia complications. Main body In T1D, autoreactive T cells autoantibodies destroy cells, causing insulin deficiency. Exogenous therapy essential but cannot replicate normal physiology. Management requires intensive lifestyle education on diet, exercise, glucose monitoring avoiding complications, in addition insulin. Novel therapies like immunotherapy, cell transplantation, artificial pancreas devices AI algorithms aim improve care. Strategies for reversing involve combination immunotherapies block autoimmunity regenerate via stem or xenotransplantation. Conclusion While type remains challenging, ongoing research provides hope. Elucidating individualized mechanisms translating findings into precision prevention treatment approaches are critical improving long-term outcomes. Innovative multi-targeted may fundamentally change the trajectory T1D.
Language: Английский
Citations
5
Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(2), P. 418 - 418
Published: Jan. 10, 2025
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic beta-cells, leading to lifelong insulin dependence. This review explores current understanding T1D pathogenesis, clinical progression, and emerging therapeutic approaches. We examined complex interplay between genetic predisposition environmental factors that could trigger response as well immunological mechanisms involved in beta-cell destruction. The phases are discussed from preclinical stage through diagnosis long-term management, highlighting importance early detection intervention. Recent advancements treatment strategies presented, including immunomodulatory therapies potential cell-based treatments aimed at preserving or restoring function. Additionally, this critically evaluates feasibility benefits implementing a population-wide screening program for Spain. epidemiological, economic, ethical implications such initiative were considered national expert panel, focusing on improve outcomes face challenges large-scale implementation. comprehensive analysis aims provide healthcare professionals, researchers, policymakers with valuable insights into landscape management prospects enhanced prevention Spanish context.
Language: Английский
Citations
0
medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: Jan. 17, 2025
Abstract Type 1 diabetes (T1D) polygenic risk scores (PRS) are effective tools for discriminating T1D from other types and predicting risk, with applications in screening intervention trials. A previously published Genetic Risk Score 2 (GRS2) is widely adopted, but challenges standardization accessibility have hindered broader clinical research utility. To address this, we introduce GRS2x, a standardized cross- compatible method accurate PRS calculation, demonstrating genotyping reference panel independent performance across diverse datasets. GRS2x as unified approach facilitates accessible portable measurement of risk.
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Clinics of North America, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: Jan. 1, 2025
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Drugs, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: Jan. 28, 2025
Language: Английский
Citations
0
medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: Feb. 21, 2025
Abstract Background Obesity is a major risk factor for endometrial cancer, but it unknown whether impacts the association between genetic and cancer. We incorporated polygenic score epidemiological factors in prediction of investigated associations BMI with cancer Methods generated 129,829 unrelated female participants European ancestry (including 956 incident cases cancer) UK Biobank predicted using established factors, including BMI. evaluated performance models by odds ratios area under receiver operating characteristic curves (AUCs) to logistic regression. Individual joint were assessed Cox proportional hazards models. Results An integrated model incorporating both achieved modest, statistically significant, improvement predicting status compared that included epidemiologic alone (AUC = 0.74 versus 0.73; P 3.98 × 10 −5 ). Obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m 2 ) top tertile had highest risk. observed independent effects on Conclusion Integrating may offer insights into population stratification susceptibility. Higher associated irrespective
Language: Английский
Citations
0