bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Jan. 30, 2025
Abstract
Plastics
in
the
world’s
oceans
are
exposed
to
diverse
environmental
stressors
that
fragment
them,
accelerating
leaching
of
associated
additives.
The
impact
potentially
toxic
plastic
degradation
products
and
additives
on
marine
microorganisms
remains
poorly
understood.
We
assessed
leachate
microbial
communities
vitro
by
exposure
one
four
leachates
(from
linear
low-density
polyethylene
[LLPDE],
polyamide-6
[or
polycaprolactam;
PA6],
terephthalate
[PET]
polylactic
acid
[PLA]),
prepared
immersing
plastics
artificial
seawater
salts
broth
for
three
months
at
80
°C.
Microbial
were
then
different
leachates,
noting
lower
concentrations
leached
from
more
inert
types
(LLDPE
PET),
as
determined
GC-MS.
PLA-leachate
differed
significantly
composition
other
plastic-leachate-exposed
(PERMANOVA,
P
=0.001)
16S
rRNA
gene
ITS
region
amplicon
sequencing.
Communities
contained
a
higher
proportion
Proteobacteria,
specifically
Halomonas
spp.,
previously
reported
degrade
LDPE
common
plasticisers.
Greater
relative
abundances
Psathyrellaceae
fungi
also
distinguished
these
those
leachates.
However,
despite
significant
differences
structure
PLA-leachate,
we
found
no
difference
transcripts
with
degradation.
While
biodegradable
such
PLA
may
persist
shorter
times
environment
than
plastics,
our
study
indicates
greater
consequences
communities.
Bioresource Technology Reports,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
24, P. 101606 - 101606
Published: Aug. 28, 2023
The
significant
impact
of
plastic
waste
on
ecosystems
has
raised
concerns
regarding
its
detrimental
effects.
This
review
examines
the
various
types
synthetic
and
degradable
plastics
explores
physiochemical
properties
polymers
during
degradation.
It
delves
into
management
waste,
considering
both
abiotic
biotic
degradation
mechanisms.
Biotic
degradation,
including
aerobic
anaerobic
pathways,
is
also
examined,
with
a
specific
focus
role
microorganisms
their
enzymes
in
facilitating
biodegradation.
further
biotechnological
implications
management,
gene
manipulation,
genetic
modification,
potential
biotechnology.
emphasizes
importance
transitioning
toward
circular
economy
highlights
alignment
these
efforts
sustainable
development
goals
(SDGs).
Overall,
this
provides
insights
environment,
mechanisms,
discusses
approaches
practices
aimed
at
addressing
challenges
posed
by
waste.
The Science of The Total Environment,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
907, P. 167993 - 167993
Published: Oct. 21, 2023
Low-density
polyethylene
(LDPE),
which
accounts
for
20%
of
the
global
plastic
production,
is
discharged
in
great
quantities
into
ocean,
threatening
marine
life
and
ecosystems.
Marine
microorganisms
have
previously
been
reported
to
degrade
LDPE
plastics;
however,
exploration
strains
enzymes
that
still
limited.
Here,
an
LDPE-degrading
bacterium
was
isolated
from
seawater
Changjiang
Estuary,
China
identified
as
Rhodococcus
sp.
C-2,
relative
abundance
dramatically
enhanced
during
PE-degrading
microbial
enrichment.
The
strain
C-2
exhibited
degradation
films,
leading
their
morphological
deterioration,
reduced
hydrophobicity
tensile
strength,
weight
loss,
well
formation
oxygen-containing
functional
groups
short-chain
products.
Sixteen
bacterial
potentially
involved
were
screened
using
genomic,
transcriptomic,
product
analyses.
Thereinto,
glutathione
peroxidase
GPx
with
exposed
active
sites
catalyzed
depolymerization
cooperation
its
dissociated
superoxide
anion
radicals.
Furthermore,
model
involving
multiple
proposed.
present
study
identifies
a
novel
enzyme
(PEase)
bioremediation
promotes
understanding
degradation.
The Science of The Total Environment,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
892, P. 164629 - 164629
Published: June 5, 2023
For
the
past
two
decades,
with
increase
in
plastic
consumption
came
a
rise
waste,
bulk
of
it
ending
up
landfills,
incinerated,
recycled
or
leaking
into
environment,
especially
aquatic
ecosystems.
Plastic
waste
poses
significant
environmental
threat
and
wealth
issue
due
to
its
non-biodegradability
recalcitrant
nature.
Polyethylene
(PE)
remains
one
major
utilized
polymers
different
applications
amid
all
other
types
because
low
production
costs,
simplistic
nature
prone
be
modified
historically
predominant
researched
material.
Since
common
methods
for
disposal
are
troubled
by
limitations,
there
is
growing
need
more
appropriate
environment
friendly
alternatives.
This
study
highlights
several
ways
that
can
used
assist
PE
(bio)degradation
mitigate
impact.
Biodegradation
(microbiological
activity
driven)
photodegradation
(radiation
most
promising
control.
The
shape
material
(powder,
film,
particles,
etc.),
composition
medium,
additives
pH,
temperature
incubation
exposure
times
contribute
degradation
efficiency.
Moreover,
radiation
pretreatment
enhance
biodegradability
PE,
providing
approach
fighting
pollution.
paper
relates
results
regarding
studies
followed
weight
loss
analysis,
surface
morphology
changes,
oxidation
degree
(for
photodegradation)
mechanical
properties
assessment.
All
combined
strategies
very
minimize
polyethylene
However,
still
long
way
go
through.
kinetics
currently
available
biotic
abiotic
processes,
complete
mineralization
thoroughly
unseen.
Advanced Sustainable Systems,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
8(11)
Published: June 19, 2024
Abstract
Microplastics
(MPs)
are
a
class
of
emerging
contaminants
that
have
gained
significant
attention
in
recent
years.
The
presence
MPs
the
aquatic
environment
is
reported
to
serious
potential
environmental
and
health
impacts.
Therefore,
it
essential
develop
efficient
sustainable
strategies
for
remediation
from
aqueous
environment.
Traditional
techniques
an
limitations,
including
high
costs
production
secondary
pollutants.
In
this
scenario,
bioremediation
offers
several
advantages
has
emerged
as
cost‐effective,
eco‐friendly,
strategy
removal
water.
This
article
critically
reviews
progress
applications
different
effects
key
factors
such
characteristics
MPs,
conditions,
types
microorganisms
on
elaborated
detail.
underlying
mechanisms
involved
by
also
discussed
comprehensively.
Major
technological
challenges
identified,
recommendations
future
research
provided.
Despite
challenges,
promising
approach
can
revolutionize
MP
process
if
major
addressed.
Journal of Basic Microbiology,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
63(3-4), P. 292 - 307
Published: Dec. 5, 2022
Abstract
Plastic
is
widely
used
in
every
sector
due
to
its
stability,
durability,
and
low
cost.
The
widespread
use
of
plastic
results
the
compilation
waste
environment.
buildup
such
a
vast
volume
garbage
has
emerged
as
primary
cause
environmental
pollution,
including
air,
land,
water
pollution.
Plastics
contain
various
harmful
chemicals
toxic
substances
that
can
leak
adversely
affect
humans
other
organisms.
Managing
this
much
very
challenging
task;
therefore,
an
appropriate
technique
needed
address
problem.
Various
methods
are
used,
chemical,
physical,
biological,
degrade
waste.
Bacterial
degradation
known
be
most
effective
for
biodegradation
approach
overcome
issue.
Biodegradation
played
crucial
role
removing
these
polluting
wastes
more
efficiently
eco‐friendly.
process
involves
variety
bacteria,
Acinetobacter
baumannii
,
Bacillus
weihenstephanensis
Pseudomonas
aeruginosa
fluorescens
Rhodococcus
ruber
so
on.
takes
place
through
biochemical
pathways,
biodeterioration,
biofragmentation,
assimilation,
mineralization.
During
biodegradation,
bacteria
produce
enzymes
like
esterase,
cutinase,
laccase,
lipase,
others
break
down
transform
polymers
into
microbial
biomass
gases.
This
review
aims
explain
how
contribute
breakdown
plastic.
Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
30(5), P. 103628 - 103628
Published: March 23, 2023
Plastic
is
a
fundamental
polymer
used
in
routine
life
and
disposed
of
sewage.
It
leads
to
microplastic
pollution
aquatic
organisms,
introducing
it
into
the
food
chain
affecting
human
health.
In
present
study,
samples
were
collected
from
sewage
wastewater
isolate
bacteria
that
could
potentially
reduce
plastic.
The
six
incubated
with
plastic
pieces
minimal
salt
media
for
120
days.
After
days,
weight
loss
experiment
showed
SH5B
SH6B
degraded
25%
chemical
molecular
characterization,
these
strains
identified
as
Pseudomonas
sp.
aeruginosa
SH6B.
Fourier-transform
infrared
spectroscopy
(FTIR)
analysis
peaks
shifting,
indicating
bond
stretching,
bending,
new
formation.
Gas
Chromatography-Mass
Spectrometry
(GC-MS)
revealed
various
compounds
produced
during
degradation
by
bacterial
strains.
biodegradation
potential
makes
an
impending
foundation
green
chemistry
eradicate
tough
pollutants
environment.
Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
30(3), P. 103583 - 103583
Published: Feb. 2, 2023
Plastic
pollution
is
a
global
issue
and
has
become
major
concern
since
Coronavirus
disease
(COVID)-19.
In
developing
nations,
landfilling
illegal
waste
disposal
are
typical
ways
to
dispose
of
COVID-19-infected
material.
These
technologies
worsen
plastic
other
human
animal
health
problems.
degrades
in
light
heat,
generating
hazardous
primary
secondary
micro-plastic.
Certain
bacteria
can
degrade
artificial
polymers
using
genes,
enzymes,
metabolic
pathways.
Microorganisms
including
petrochemical
plastics
slowly.
High
molecular
weight,
strong
chemical
bonds,
excessive
hydrophobicity
reduce
biodegradation.
There
not
enough
study
on
bacteria-plastic
interactions.
Synthetic
biology,
engineering,
bioinformatics
methods
have
been
created
biodegrade
synthetic
polymers.
This
review
will
focus
how
microorganisms'
degrading
capacity
be
increased
recent
biotechnological
techniques.
The Science of The Total Environment,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
928, P. 172288 - 172288
Published: April 8, 2024
Plastic
pollution
of
the
ocean
is
a
top
environmental
concern.
Biodegradable
plastics
present
potential
"solution"
in
combating
accumulation
plastic
pollution,
and
their
production
currently
increasing.
While
these
polymers
will
contribute
to
future
marine
debris
budget,
very
little
known
still
about
behavior
biodegradable
different
natural
environments.
In
this
study,
we
molecularly
profiled
entire
microbial
communities
on
laboratory
confirmed
polybutylene
sebacate-co-terephthalate
(PBSeT)
polyhydroxybutyrate
(PHB)
films,
non-biodegradable
conventional
low-density
polyethylene
(LDPE)
films
that
were
incubated
situ
three
coastal
environments
Mediterranean
Sea.
Samples
from
pelagic,
benthic,
eulittoral
habitat
taken
at
five
timepoints
during
an
incubation
period
22
months.
We
assessed
presence
biodegrading
bacterial
fungal
taxa
contrasted
them
against
previously
published
disintegration
data
polymers.
Scanning
electron
microscopy
imaging
complemented
our
molecular
data.
Putative
degraders
occurred
all
environments,
but
there
was
no
obvious
"core"
shared
plastic-specific
microbes.
varied
between
polymers,
predominantly
selected
for
underlying
communities.
Observed
patterns
did
not
necessarily
match
community
putative
degraders.