Journal of Environmental Management, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 364, P. 121307 - 121307
Published: June 12, 2024
Language: Английский
Journal of Environmental Management, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 364, P. 121307 - 121307
Published: June 12, 2024
Language: Английский
Pharmaceuticals, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 18(1), P. 113 - 113
Published: Jan. 16, 2025
Risk of lung damage from inhaled chemicals or substances has long been assessed using animal models. However, New Approach Methodologies (NAMs) that replace, reduce, and/or refine the use animals in safety testing such as 2D and 3D cultures are increasingly being used to understand human-relevant toxicity responses for assessment hazard identification. Here we review models terms their application inhalation assessment. We highlight a key case study Organization Economic Cooperation Development (OECD), which model was assess human replace requirement 90-day rats. Finally, consider regulatory guidelines NAMs potential different aerosol studies depending on requirement/context use.
Language: Английский
Citations
0Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 127650 - 127650
Published: April 1, 2025
Language: Английский
Citations
0Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)
Published: April 28, 2025
Abstract To develop a smoking simulation machine, the study evaluated effects of conventional and electronic cigarette smoke on color stability resin-based composites. Two types nanohybrid composites were divided into two groups based material subgroups according to kind exposure: cigarettes, control. The exposure was by using newly developed change primary outcome, measured with spectrophotometer calculated ΔEab. results showed significant differences in observed between ( p < 0.001). Specimens exposed cigarettes exhibited more discoloration compared those custom-made machine demonstrated ability simulate conditions their dental materials. provides standard controlled method for evaluating smoke’s restorative materials, while not all materials similar reactions under same conditions. impacts testing accurately simulates oral environment, providing insights performance that helps formulate resist tobacco smoke, improve restoration durability esthetics, enhance patient outcomes, guide selection.
Language: Английский
Citations
0Toxicology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 508, P. 153936 - 153936
Published: Aug. 30, 2024
Language: Английский
Citations
2Journal of Environmental Management, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 364, P. 121307 - 121307
Published: June 12, 2024
Language: Английский
Citations
1