BMC Microbiology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
24(1)
Published: Nov. 29, 2024
Abstract
It
is
critical
to
find
novel
therapeutic
approaches
owing
the
dissemination
of
multidrug
resistance
(MDR)
in
pathogenic
bacteria,
particularly
Staphylococcus
aureus
.
FDA-drug
repurposing
an
important
tactic
fight
MDR
bacteria.
Here,
we
inspected
antibacterial
activity
ambroxol
against
clinical
S.
isolates.
Using
broth
microdilution
method,
revealed
minimum
inhibitory
concentrations
(MICs)
0.75
1.5
mg/mL.
Also,
it
antibiofilm
action
on
42.17%
isolates
by
crystal
violet
assay.
A
scanning
electron
microscope
was
employed
study
ambroxol.
that
association
between
cells
interrupted
ambroxol,
and
biofilm
construction
devastated.
Moreover,
qRT-PCR
utilized
elucidate
consequence
gene
expression
efflux
biofilm.
Remarkably,
has
downregulated
cna
,
fnb
A,
ica
nor
B
genes.
Ambroxol’s
vivo
investigated
using
infected
burn
infection.
Interestingly,
improved
histological
features
skin
tissues,
significantly
diminished
bacterial
burden,
increased
wound
healing
percentage.
a
significant
reduction
immunohistochemical
staining
tumor
necrosis
factor-alpha.
Finally,
silico
investigations
were
performed
potential
five
possible
targets
aureus.
Ambroxol
showed
good
affinities
with
CrtM
being
highest,
proposing
its
probable
role
mechanisms
for
ambroxol’s
Immunity Inflammation and Disease,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
11(4)
Published: April 1, 2023
Coronavirus
disease
2019
(Covid-19)
is
caused
by
a
novel
severe
acute
respiratory
syndrome
coronavirus
virus
type
2
(SARS-CoV-2)
leading
to
the
global
pandemic
worldwide.
Systemic
complications
in
Covid-19
are
mainly
related
direct
SARS-CoV-2
cytopathic
effects,
associated
hyperinflammation,
hypercytokinemia,
and
development
of
cytokine
storm
(CS).
As
well,
developed
due
propagation
oxidative
thrombotic
events
which
may
progress
state
called
(TS),
respectively.
In
addition,
inflammatory
lipid
storms
also
activation
cells
release
bioactive
lipids
correspondingly.
Therefore,
present
narrative
review
aimed
elucidate
interrelated
relationship
between
different
types
mixed
(MS).
conclusion,
infection
induces
various
including
CS,
storm,
TS
storm.
These
not
developing
alone
since
there
close
them.
MS
seems
be
more
appropriate
than
it
develops
intricate
interface
reactive
oxygen
species,
proinflammatory
cytokines,
complement
activation,
coagulation
disorders,
activated
signaling
pathway.
Cell Stress and Chaperones,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
28(6), P. 657 - 673
Published: Oct. 5, 2023
Coronavirus
disease
2019
(COVID-19)
is
a
recent
pandemic
caused
by
novel
severe
acute
respiratory
syndrome
coronavirus
2
(SARS‑CoV‑2)
leading
to
pulmonary
and
extra-pulmonary
manifestations
due
the
development
of
oxidative
stress
(OS)
hyperinflammation.
The
underlying
cause
for
OS
hyperinflammation
in
COVID-19
may
be
related
inhibition
nuclear
factor
erythroid
2-related
(Nrf2),
master
regulator
antioxidative
responses
cellular
homeostasis.
Nrf2
pathway
inhibits
expression
pro-inflammatory
cytokines
cytokine
storm
COVID-19.
activators
can
attenuate
endothelial
dysfunction
(ED),
renin-angiotensin
system
(RAS)
dysregulation,
immune
thrombosis,
coagulopathy.
Hence,
this
review
aimed
reveal
potential
role
its
management
As
well,
we
tried
revise
mechanistic
Anatolian Current Medical Journal,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
7(1), P. 72 - 76
Published: Jan. 10, 2025
Aims:
Beyond
the
acute
phase
of
COVID-19
disease,
many
patients
experience
persistent
symptoms,
collectively
termed
"post-COVID
syndrome,"
which
includes
autonomic
dysfunction.
Heart
rate
variability
(HRV)
is
a
well-established
method
to
assess
nervous
system
(ANS)
function.
This
study
aimed
investigate
long-term
impact
on
function
through
evaluating
changes
in
HRV.
Methods:
retrospective
included
225
participants
divided
into
two
groups:
117
post-COVID
and
108
age
gender
matched
controls.
HRV
was
assessed
using
24-hour
Holter
monitoring.
Time-domain
frequency-domain
indices
were
analyzed,
including
standard
deviation
normal-to-normal
intervals
(SDNN),
root
mean
square
successive
RR
interval
differences
(RMSSD),
low
frequency
(LF)/high
(HF)
ratio.
Statistical
comparisons
performed
independent
t-tests,
Mann-Whitney
U
tests,
correlation
analyses.
Results:
Post-COVID
exhibited
significantly
lower
compared
metrics
such
as
SDNN
(135.7±39.5
ms
vs
149.1±34.2
ms,
p=0.007)
RMSSD
(32.7±13.7
37.5±14.7
p=0.012)
reduced
group.
Frequency-domain
indices,
total
power
(TP)
HF
power,
also
diminished.
Correlation
analysis
revealed
no
significant
association
between
duration
time
(one-year
follow-up)
most
parameters.
Conclusion:
dysfunction,
marked
by
parasympathetic
activity
increased
cardiovascular
risks,
with
some
evidence
partial
recovery
during
sleep.
Routine
monitoring
targeted
interventions,
alongside
further
research
larger
cohorts,
are
crucial
for
better
understanding
effects
improving
patient
outcomes.
Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
38(1)
Published: Dec. 9, 2023
COVID-19
is
caused
by
a
novel
SARS-CoV-2
leading
to
pulmonary
and
extra-pulmonary
manifestations
due
oxidative
stress
(OS)
development
hyperinflammation.
primarily
asymptomatic
though
it
may
cause
acute
lung
injury
(ALI),
respiratory
distress
syndrome
(ARDS),
systemic
inflammation,
thrombotic
events
in
severe
cases.
SARS-CoV-2-induced
OS
triggers
the
activation
of
different
signaling
pathways,
which
counterbalances
this
complication.
One
these
pathways
nuclear
factor
erythroid
2-related
2
(Nrf2),
induces
series
cellular
interactions
mitigate
SARS-CoV-2-mediated
viral
toxicity
OS-induced
injury.
Nrf2
pathway
inhibits
expression
pro-inflammatory
cytokines
cytokine
storm
COVID-19.
Therefore,
activators
play
an
essential
role
reducing
infection-induced
inflammation
suppressing
NLRP3
inflammasome
Furthermore,
can
attenuate
endothelial
dysfunction
(ED),
renin-angiotensin
system
(RAS)
dysregulation,
immune
thrombosis,
coagulopathy.
Thus
mini-review
tries
clarify
possible
management
could
be
effective
therapeutic
strategy
Covid-19.
Preclinical
clinical
studies
are
recommended
regard.
Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
27(5), P. 674 - 678
Published: March 31, 2023
Severe
SARS-CoV-2
infection
is
linked
with
an
overstated
immune
response
the
succeeding
release
of
pro-inflammatory
cytokines
and
progression
cytokine
storm.
In
addition,
severe
associated
development
oxidative
stress
coagulopathy.
Dapsone
(DPS)
a
bacteriostatic
antibiotic
that
has
potent
anti-inflammatory
effect.
Thus,
this
mini-review
aimed
to
elucidate
potential
role
DPS
in
mitigating
inflammatory
disorders
COVID-19
patients.
inhibits
neutrophil
myeloperoxidase,
inflammation,
chemotaxis.
Therefore,
could
be
effective
against
neutrophilia-induced
complications
COVID-19.
by
suppressing
expression
signaling
pathways
generation
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS)
correspondingly.
conclusion,
might
management
through
attenuation
disorders.
preclinical
clinical
studies
are
reasonable
regard.
Biomedicines,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
11(10), P. 2754 - 2754
Published: Oct. 11, 2023
Dengue
virus
(DENV)
poses
a
significant
global
health
challenge,
with
millions
of
cases
each
year.
Developing
effective
antiviral
drugs
against
DENV
remains
major
hurdle.
Varenicline
is
medication
used
to
aid
smoking
cessation,
anti-inflammatory
and
antioxidant
effects.
In
this
study,
varenicline
was
investigated
for
its
potential
DENV.
This
study
provides
evidence
the
activity
DENV,
regardless
serotype
or
cell
type
used.
demonstrated
dose-dependent
effects
in
reducing
viral
protein
expression,
infectivity,
yield
Vero
A549
cells
infected
DENV-1
DENV-2,
EC50
values
ranging
from
0.44
1.66
μM.
Time-of-addition
removal
experiments
that
had
stronger
inhibitory
effect
on
post-entry
stage
DENV-2
replication
than
entry
stage,
as
well
preinfection
attachment
stages.
Furthermore,
cell-based
trans-cleavage
assays
indicated
dose-dependently
inhibited
proteolytic
NS2B-NS3
protease.
Docking
models
revealed
formation
hydrogen
bonds
van
der
Waals
forces
between
specific
residues
proteases.
These
results
highlight
mechanism
offering
valuable
insights
further
research
development
treatment
infection.
Frontiers in Immunology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
14
Published: July 5, 2023
COVID-19
is
an
inflammatory
disease
with
multiple
organs
involved,
mainly
respiratory
symptoms.
Although
the
majority
of
patients
present
a
mild
to
moderate
self-limited
course
illness,
about
5-10%
disorders
in
severe
have
life-threatening
progression.
With
exception
few
drugs
that
shown
outstanding
anti-COVID-19
effects,
efficacy
most
remains
controversial.
An
increasing
number
animal
and
clinical
studies
neuromodulation
has
significant
effect
on
reducing
markers
COVID-19,
thus
exerting
effective
neuroimmunotherapeutic
value.
Currently,
main
neuroimmunomodulatory
measures
against
include
vagus
nerve
stimulation,
electroacupuncture,
cholinergic
drugs.
In
this
review,
we
will
summarize
research
progress
potential
value
neuroimmunotherapy
for
elaborate
its
efficacies
mechanisms,
order
provide
reliable
evidence
intervention.