Sufficiency of Mesolimbic Dopamine Neuron Stimulation for the Progression to Addiction

Neuron, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 88(5), P. 1054 - 1066

Published: Nov. 12, 2015

Language: Английский

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Maturation of silent synapses in amygdala-accumbens projection contributes to incubation of cocaine craving

Nature Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2013, Volume and Issue: 16(11), P. 1644 - 1651

Published: Sept. 29, 2013

Language: Английский

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Time to connect: bringing social context into addiction neuroscience

Nature reviews. Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 17(9), P. 592 - 599

Published: June 9, 2016

Language: Английский

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Corticotropin releasing factor: A key role in the neurobiology of addiction

Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 35(2), P. 234 - 244

Published: Jan. 20, 2014

Language: Английский

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Ketamine abuse potential and use disorder

Brain Research Bulletin, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 126, P. 68 - 73

Published: May 31, 2016

Language: Английский

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A multistep general theory of transition to addiction

Psychopharmacology, Journal Year: 2013, Volume and Issue: 229(3), P. 387 - 413

Published: Aug. 20, 2013

Several theories propose alternative explanations for drug addiction. We a general theory of transition to addiction that synthesizes knowledge generated in the field into unitary explanatory frame. Transition results from sequential three-step interaction between: (1) individual vulnerability; (2) degree/amount exposure. The first step, sporadic recreational use is learning process mediated by overactivation neurobiological substrates natural rewards allows most individuals perceive drugs as highly rewarding stimuli. second, intensified, sustained, escalated occurs some vulnerable who have hyperactive dopaminergic system and impaired prefrontal cortex function. Sustained prolonged induces incentive sensitization an allostatic state makes strongly wanted needed. Habit formation can also contribute stabilizing sustained use. last loss control intake full addiction, due second phenotype. This loss-of-control-prone phenotype triggered long-term exposure characterized long-lasting synaptic plasticity reward areas brain induce form behavioral crystallization resulting intake. Because crystallization, are now not only needed but pathologically mourned when absent. demonstrates true psychiatric disease caused between amount/duration

Language: Английский

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Animal models of addiction

Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 19(3), P. 247 - 258

Published: Sept. 30, 2017

In recent years, animal models in psychiatric research have been criticized for their limited translational value to the clinical situation. Failures trials thus often attributed lack of predictive power preclinical models. Here, I argue that voluntary drug intake-under nonoperant and operant conditions-and addiction based on Diagnostic Statistical Manual Mental Disorders are crucial informative tools identification pathological mechanisms, target identification, development. These provide excellent face validity, it is assumed neurochemical neuroanatomical substrates involved drug-intake behavior similar laboratory rodents humans. Consequently, consumption validity. This best illustrated alcohol research, which three approved medications-acamprosate, naltrexone, nalmefene-were developed by means then successfully translated into situation.Los modelos animales en investigación psiquiátrica han sido criticados los últimos años por su limitado valor para ser trasladados a la situación clínica. Las fallas ensayos clínicos menudo atribuidas falta de poder predictivo preclínicos. En este artículo se argumenta que ingesta voluntaria drogas—bajo condiciones operantes y no operantes—y adicciones basados el Diagnóstico Estadístico Trastornos Mentales constituyen herramientas cruciales e informativas identificación mecanismos patológicos, blancos desarrollo fármacos. Estos aportan una excelente validez aparente asume sustratos neuroquímicos neuroanatómicos involucrados conducta drogas son similares roedores laboratorio humanos. consecuencia, consumo predictiva. Este está mejor ilustrado con alcohol, cual tres medicamentos aprobados (acamprosate, naltrexona nalmefene) fueron desarrollados partir luego exitosamente las situaciones clínicas.Ces dernières années, les modèles animaux recherche psychiatrique ont été critiqués pour leur valeur translationnelle limitée situation clinique. Les échecs des études cliniques donc souvent attribués au manque puissance prédictive précliniques animaux. Pour ma part j'estime prise volontaire substances —sous conditions opératoires et non opératoires— d'addiction basés sur le DSM (Diagnostic Disorders) sont outils essentiels informatifs identifier mécanismes pathologiques cibles thérapeutiques développer médicaments. La validité apparente ces est excellente considère substrats neuro-chimiques neuro-anatomiques impliqués dans comportement substance similaires chez rongeurs laboratoire humains. consommation une prédictive. C'est l'alcool cette s'illustre mieux, trois médicaments autorisés nal-trexone nalméfène) ayant développés grâce aux transférés ensuite avec succès

Language: Английский

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Incubation of Cue-Induced Craving in Adults Addicted to Cocaine Measured by Electroencephalography

JAMA Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 73(11), P. 1127 - 1127

Published: Sept. 7, 2016

A common trigger for relapse in drug addiction is the experience of craving via exposure to cues previously associated with use. Preclinical studies have consistently demonstrated incubation cue-induced drug-seeking during initial phase abstinence, followed by a decline over time. In humans, effect has been shown alcohol, nicotine, and methamphetamine addictions, but not heroin or cocaine addiction. Understanding trajectory abstinence humans importance medicine.To assess using both subjective objective indices cue-elicited responses.Seventy-six individuals addicted varying durations (ie, 2 days, 1 week, month, 6 months, year) participated this laboratory-based cross-sectional study from June 19, 2007, November 26, 2012. The late positive potential component electroencephalography, recognized marker incentive salience, was used track motivated attention across these self-selected groups. Participants also completed ratings before presentation cue, "liking" (hedonic feelings toward cocaine) "wanting" (craving after cocaine-related pictures. Data analysis conducted 5, 2015, March 30, 2016.The amplitudes liking wanting response pictures were quantified compared groups.Among 76 cocaine, 19 (25%) abstinent 20 (26%) 15 (20%) 12 (16%) 10 (13%) year. cues, mean (SD) showed parabolic that higher at (1.26 [1.36] µV) (1.17 [1.19] months lower days (0.17 [1.09] µV), week (0.36 [1.26] year (-0.27 [1.74] (P = .02, partial η2 0.16). contrast, assessment baseline (mean [SD] rating: 26.05 [9.85]; 18.70 [11.01]; 10.87 [10.70]; 6.92 [8.47]; year, 3.00 [3.77]) 3.06 [2.34]; 2.33 [2.87]; 1.15 [2.03]; 1.00 [2.24]; [1.26]) 3.44 [2.62]; 2.72 1.46 [2.33]; [2.16]; [1.55]) linear ≤ .001, > 0.26).The responses indicative attention, similar reported animal models. we did detect craving. Thus, electroencephalographic measure may possibly be better indicator vulnerability than reports craving, although hypothesis must empirically tested. These results suggest deploying intervention between month when most vulnerable to, perhaps least cognizant of, risk relapse.

Language: Английский

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Improving translation of animal models of addiction and relapse by reverse translation

Nature reviews. Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 21(11), P. 625 - 643

Published: Oct. 6, 2020

Language: Английский

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Understanding Addiction Using Animal Models

Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Nov. 29, 2019

Drug addiction is a neuropsychiatric disorder with grave personal consequences that has extraordinary global economic impact. Despite decades of research, the options available to treat are often ineffective because our rudimentary understanding drug-induced pathology in brain circuits and synaptic physiology inhibits rational design successful therapies. This will arise first from animal models were experimentation at level molecular biology possible. We review most common preclinical addictive behavior, discuss advantages disadvantages each. includes non-contingent which animals passively exposed rewarding substances, as well widely used contingent such drug self-administration relapse. For latter, we elaborate on different ways mimicking craving relapse, include using acute stress, administration or exposure cues previously paired self-administration. further describe paradigms where taking challenged by alternative rewards, appetitive foods social interaction. In an attempt better model individual vulnerability abuse characterizes human addiction, field also established behaviors ranked various criteria use presence negative consequences. Separation more vulnerable according these criteria, along other innate predispositions including goal- sign-tracking, sensation-seeking behavior impulsivity, genetic susceptibilities develop relapse vulnerability. examine current behavioral addictions gambling, included DSM-5, exercise, mentioned DSM-5 but not yet due insufficient peer-reviewed evidence. Finally, after reviewing face validity aforementioned models, consider standardized tests pharmaceutical companies assess potential during clinical trials.

Language: Английский

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