Label accuracy of unregulated cannabidiol (CBD) products: measured concentration vs. label claim

Journal of Cannabis Research, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 4(1)

Published: June 6, 2022

The legalization of hemp in the USA has led to tremendous growth availability hemp-derived products, particularly cannabidiol (CBD) products. lack regulatory oversight this industry resulted marketing and sale CBD products with questionable ingredients quality. aim current study was examine content 80 commercially available purchased from online local retailers. Epidiolex® also included as a positive control.Hemp-derived were selected represent readily residents Central Kentucky. samples comprised national brands produced variety locations inside outside analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), analytical findings compared label claims for content. Descriptive statistics normal-based confidence intervals calculated using Microsoft Excel.The ranged 7.5 60 mg/mL, while LC-MS/MS analysis detected range 2.9 61.3 mg/mL. Of evaluated, 37 contained concentrations that at least ± 10% different than concentration listed on (range 0.9 30.6 mg/mL claim) - 12 < 90%, 25 > 110%. degree concordance tested tolerance claim 54%.These data suggest additional regulation is required ensure accuracy nearly half not properly labelled (i.e., within margin error). Consumers practitioners should remain cautious unregulated often-mislabeled due risks taking too much (e.g., drug-drug interactions, liver enzyme elevations, increased side effects) consequences little no clinical benefits underdosing). results support continued need good manufacturing practices testing standards

Language: Английский

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Tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol medicines for chronic pain and mental health conditions

Inflammopharmacology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 30(4), P. 1167 - 1178

Published: July 7, 2022

Combination tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)/cannabidiol (CBD) medicines or CBD-only are prospective treatments for chronic pain, stress, anxiety, depression, and insomnia. THC CBD increase signaling from cannabinoid receptors, which reduces synaptic transmission in parts of the central peripheral nervous systems secretion inflammatory factors immune glial cells. The overall effect adding to is enhance analgesic but counteract some adverse effects. There substantial evidence effectiveness THC/CBD combination especially neuropathic nociplastic pain with an component. For medication, there moderate anxiety insomnia, minimal depression pain. have a good tolerability safety profile relative opioid analgesics negligible dependence abuse potential; however, should be avoided patients predisposed psychosis suicide as these conditions appear exacerbated. Non-serious events usually dose-proportional, subject tachyphylaxis rarely dose limiting when commenced on low gradual up-titration. inhibit several Phase I II metabolism enzymes, increases exposure wide range drugs appropriate care needs taken. Low-dose that appears effective mental health has safety, few effects initial treatment.

Language: Английский

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The acute effects of cannabis with and without cannabidiol in adults and adolescents: A randomised, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, crossover experiment

Addiction, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 118(7), P. 1282 - 1294

Published: Feb. 8, 2023

Long-term harms of cannabis may be exacerbated in adolescence, but little is known about the acute effects adolescents. We aimed to (i) compare adolescent and adult users (ii) determine if cannabidiol (CBD) acutely modulates delta-9-tetrahydocannabinol (THC).Randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover experiment. The experiment was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04851392).Laboratory London, United Kingdom.Twenty-four adolescents (12 women, 16- 17-year-olds) 24 adults 26- 29-year-olds) who used 0.5-3 days/week were matched use frequency (mean = 1.5 days/week).We administered three weight-adjusted vaporised flower preparations: 'THC' (8 mg THC for 75 kg person); 'THC + CBD' CBD 'PLA' (matched placebo).Primary outcomes subjective 'feel drug effect'; verbal episodic memory (delayed prose recall); (iii) psychotomimetic effect (Psychotomimetic States Inventory).Compared with 'PLA', significantly (P < 0.001) increased effect' difference [MD] 6.3, 95% CI 5.3-7.2; MD 6.8, 6.0-7.7), impaired (MD -2.7, -4.1 -1.4; -2.9, -1.7) 7.8, 2.8-12.7; 10.8, 6.2-15.4). There no evidence that differed from their responses (interaction P ≥ 0.4). Bayesian analyses supported equivalent (Bayes factor [BF01 ] >3). modulated THC.Adolescent are neither more resilient nor vulnerable than psychotomimetic, memory-impairing or cannabis. Furthermore, adults, does not mitigate caused by delta-9-tetrahydocannabinol.

Language: Английский

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Clinical outcome data of anxiety patients treated with cannabis-based medicinal products in the United Kingdom: a cohort study from the UK Medical Cannabis Registry

Psychopharmacology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 240(8), P. 1735 - 1745

Published: June 14, 2023

Abstract Rationale Cannabis-based medicinal products (CBMPs) have been identified as novel therapeutics for generalised anxiety disorder (GAD) based on pre-clinical models; however, there is a paucity of high-quality evidence their effectiveness and safety. Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes patients with GAD treated dried flower, oil-based preparations, or combination both CBMPs. Methods A prospective cohort ( n = 302) enrolled in UK Medical Cannabis Registry prescribed oil flower-based CBMPs was performed. Primary were changes disorder-7 (GAD-7) questionnaires at 1, 3, 6 months compared baseline. Secondary single-item sleep quality scale (SQS) health-related life index (EQ-5D-5L) same time points. These assessed by paired t -tests. Adverse events line CTCAE (Common Terminology Criteria Events) v4.0. Results Improvements anxiety, observed each point p < 0.001). Patients receiving had improvements GAD-7 all points (1 month: difference −5.3 (95% CI −4.6 −6.1), 3 months: −5.5 −4.7 −6.4), −4.5 −3.2 −5.7)). Thirty-nine participants (12.9%) reported 269 adverse follow-up period. Conclusions Prescription those associated clinically significant an acceptable safety profile real-world setting. Randomised trials are required next step investigate efficacy

Language: Английский

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Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Technology for Recovering Valuable Phytochemicals from Cannabis sativa L. and Valorization of Its Biomass for Food Applications

Molecules, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 28(9), P. 3849 - 3849

Published: May 1, 2023

Supercritical carbon dioxide (CO2) extraction techniques meet all-new consumer market demands for health-promoting phytochemical compound-rich extracts produced from green and sustainable technology. In this regard, review is dedicated to discussing the promise of integrating high-pressure CO2 technologies into Cannabis sativa L. processing chain valorize its valuable pharmaceutical properties food biomass. To do this, cannabis plant, cannabinoids, endocannabinoid system were reviewed understand their therapeutic side effects. The supercritical fluid (SFE) technique was presented as a smart alternative producing bioproducts. impact SFE operating conditions on compound examined aerial parts (inflorescences, stems, leaves), seeds, byproducts. Furthermore, opportunities using non-thermal biomass addressed industrial hemp valorization, focusing biorefinery simultaneously produce cannabidiol new ingredients applications plant-based products.

Language: Английский

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