Bile Acid Sequestrants for Hypercholesterolemia Treatment Using Sustainable Biopolymers: Recent Advances and Future Perspectives DOI
Muhammad Shahidul Islam,

Anjiya Sharif,

Nathania Kwan

et al.

Molecular Pharmaceutics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 19(5), P. 1248 - 1272

Published: March 25, 2022

Bile acids, the endogenous steroid nucleus containing signaling molecules, are responsible for regulation of multiple metabolic processes, including lipoprotein and glucose metabolism to maintain homeostasis. Within our body, they directly produced from their immediate precursors, cholesterol C (low-density C, LDL-C), through enzymatic catabolic process mediated by 7-α-hydroxylase (CYP7A1). acid sequestrants (BASs) or amphiphilic resins that nonabsorbable human body (being complex high molecular weight polymers/electrolytes) one classes drugs used treat hypercholesterolemia (a plasma level) dyslipidemia (lipid abnormalities in body); thus, have been clinically more than 50 years with strong safety profiles as demonstrated Lipid Research Council–Cardiovascular Primary Prevention Trial (LRC–CPPT). They reduce LDL-C can slightly increase high-density (HDL-C) levels, whereas many recent clinical studies levels patients type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, due higher daily dosage requirements, lower efficacy reduction, concomitant drug malabsorption, research develop an "ideal" BAS sustainable natural sources better lowering regulations side effects is being pursued. This Review discusses some developments corresponding efficacies bile removal reduction biopolymer (polysaccharide)-based compounds.

Language: Английский

An integrated view of anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic targets for the treatment of NASH DOI Open Access
Frank Tacke, Tobias Puengel, Rohit Loomba

et al.

Journal of Hepatology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 79(2), P. 552 - 566

Published: April 14, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

158
TNF in the liver: targeting a central player in inflammation DOI Creative Commons
Gisa Tiegs,

Andrea Kristina Horst

Seminars in Immunopathology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 44(4), P. 445 - 459

Published: Feb. 4, 2022

Abstract Tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF) is a multifunctional cytokine. First recognized as an endogenous soluble factor that induces of solid tumours, TNF became increasingly important pro-inflammatory cytokine being involved in the immunopathogenesis several autoimmune diseases. In liver, numerous biological responses such hepatocyte apoptosis and necroptosis, liver inflammation regeneration, autoimmunity, but also progression to hepatocellular carcinoma. Considering these multiple functions we propose anti-TNF therapies specifically target signalling at level its specific receptors.

Language: Английский

Citations

117
Bile acid and receptors: biology and drug discovery for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease DOI Open Access
Tingying Jiao,

Yuandi Ma,

Xiaozhen Guo

et al.

Acta Pharmacologica Sinica, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 43(5), P. 1103 - 1119

Published: Feb. 25, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

77
A Comprehensive Review of the Cardioprotective Effect of Marine Algae Polysaccharide on the Gut Microbiota DOI Creative Commons
Kit‐Leong Cheong, Biao Yu, Jing Chen

et al.

Foods, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(22), P. 3550 - 3550

Published: Nov. 8, 2022

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the number one cause of death worldwide. Recent evidence has demonstrated an association between gut microbiota and CVD, including heart failure, cerebrovascular illness, hypertension, stroke. Marine algal polysaccharides (MAPs) are valuable natural sources diverse bioactive compounds. MAPs have many pharmaceutical activities, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antidiabetic effects. Most not utilized in upper gastrointestinal tract; however, they fermented by intestinal flora. The relationship drawn attention CVD research. Hence, this review highlights main action which known to affect maintaining homeostasis microbiome producing microbiota-generated functional metabolites short chain fatty acids. In addition, effects trimethylamine N-oxide on composition, bile acid signaling properties, prevention also discussed. This supports idea that focusing interactions host may be promising for or treatment CVD. a potential sustainable source production foods nutraceutical products preventing treating

Language: Английский

Citations

69
The Role of CYP3A in Health and Disease DOI Creative Commons
Lyubov S. Klyushova, M. L. Perepechaeva, A. Yu. Grishanova

et al.

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10(11), P. 2686 - 2686

Published: Oct. 24, 2022

CYP3A is an enzyme subfamily in the cytochrome P450 (CYP) superfamily and includes isoforms CYP3A4, CYP3A5, CYP3A7, CYP3A43. enzymes are indiscriminate toward substrates unique that these metabolize both endogenous compounds diverse xenobiotics (including drugs); almost only common characteristic of lipophilicity a relatively large molecular weight. widely expressed human organs tissues, consequences enzymes’ activities play major role normal regulation physiological levels various pathological conditions. This review addresses aspects under conditions their involvement initiation progression diseases.

Language: Английский

Citations

48
Mechanism of action of the bile acid receptor TGR5 in obesity DOI Creative Commons
Weijun Lun,

Qihao Yan,

Xinghua Guo

et al.

Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(2), P. 468 - 491

Published: Nov. 10, 2023

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are a large family of membrane protein receptors, and Takeda receptor 5 (TGR5) is member this family. As receptor, TGR5 widely distributed in different parts the human body plays vital role regulating metabolism, including processes energy consumption, weight loss blood glucose homeostasis. Recent studies have shown that an important lipid metabolism disorders such as fatty liver, obesity diabetes. With global situation becoming more serious, comprehensive explanation mechanism filling gaps knowledge concerning clinical ligand drugs urgently needed. In review, we mainly explain anti-obesity to promote further study target, show electron microscope structure review recent on ligands illustrate specific binding between sites ligands, which can effectively provide new ideas for research drug research.

Language: Английский

Citations

31
Collaborative Metabolism: Gut Microbes Play a Key Role in Canine and Feline Bile Acid Metabolism DOI Creative Commons
John C. Rowe, Jenessa A. Winston

Veterinary Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(2), P. 94 - 94

Published: Feb. 18, 2024

Bile acids, produced by the liver and secreted into gastrointestinal tract, are dynamic molecules capable of impacting overall health dogs cats in many contexts. Importantly, gut microbiota metabolizes host primary bile acids chemically distinct secondary acids. This review explores emergence new literature connecting microbial-derived acid metabolism to canine feline disease. Moreover, this highlights multi-omic methodologies for translational research as an area continued growth veterinary medicine aimed at accelerating microbiome science it pertains cats.

Language: Английский

Citations

11
Molecular mechanisms in liver repair and regeneration: from physiology to therapeutics DOI Creative Commons
Xiao Ma, Tengda Huang, Xi Chen

et al.

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: Feb. 8, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

1
NLRP3 and Gut–Liver Axis: New Possibility for the Treatment of Alcohol‐Associated Liver Disease DOI Open Access
Lu Dong, Haotian Zhang, Yoonjin Kang

et al.

Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 17, 2025

ABSTRACT Alcohol‐associated liver disease (ALD) is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases worldwide, with persistently high morbidity and mortality rates. Previous studies have identified NLRP3 inflammasome as a class receptors intracellular intrinsic immunity. These can be activated by both extracellular danger signals, leading to release downstream pro‐inflammatory factors, including interleukin IL‐1β IL‐18. vesicles are critical for maintaining host defense. Concurrently, researchers close relationship between microbiome, gut–liver axis, ALD. Consequently, present study focus on structure activation inflammasome, intestinal microecological regulation, well bile acid metabolism axis. The objective this provide foundation knowledge references development targeted therapeutic interventions ALD that informed dynamic interplay

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Non-SCFA microbial metabolites associated with fiber fermentation and host health DOI Creative Commons
Erica T. Grant,

Hélène De Franco,

Mahesh S. Desai

et al.

Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: July 1, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

7