The cost of delivering COVID-19 vaccines in four districts in Malawi DOI Creative Commons
Anika Ruisch,

Simon Ntopi,

I. S. Mathur

et al.

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Aug. 19, 2024

Abstract While COVID-19 vaccines became available in late 2020, low-income countries (LICs) faced challenging vaccine distribution efforts both terms of a delayed and scarce supply barriers reaching the target populations. The cost delivering LICs was uncertain which complicated planning budgeting for country leadership as well major funders. Absent such data, global model developed by COVAX Working Group on Delivery Costing using data costs similar immunization campaigns assumptions. This study aims to compare primary collected Malawi modeled estimates, contribute growing evidence base vaccination delivery LICs. retrospective used bottom-up method estimate costs. Data at district level, from health facilities, outreach posts costing survey. sources included existing records key informant interviews with relevant facility staff. Twenty representative sites were purposively selected across four districts. We focused drivers that contributed highest proportion variability total financial 20 facilities districts (from April 1, 2021-March 31, 2022) US$ 322,786. During period, delivered 70,947 vaccines. per dose 4.55. Considering reallocation staff time towards vaccination, volunteer opportunity cost, donated vehicles, economic times higher 16.15. labor estimated 10.75 accounts two-thirds cost. is first provide Malawi. Malawi, 4.55 [US$ 3.23 – 6.33] delivered. $2.77, scenarios ranging $2.34 - 4.36. observed large amount influenced our estimates

Language: Английский

COVID-19 Vaccination and Public Health: Addressing Global, Regional, and Within-Country Inequalities DOI Creative Commons
Omar Enzo Santangelo, Sandro Provenzano, Giuseppe Di Martino

et al.

Vaccines, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(8), P. 885 - 885

Published: Aug. 4, 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic, with over 775 million cases and 7 deaths by May 2024, has drastically impacted global public health exacerbated existing healthcare inequalities. swift development distribution of vaccines have been critical in combating the virus, yet disparities access to administration vaccine highlighted deep-seated inequities at global, regional, national levels. Wealthier nations benefited from early vaccines, while low- middle-income countries (LMICs) faced persistent shortages. Initiatives such as COVAX aimed address these disparities, but challenges persist. Socioeconomic factors, education, ethnic identity, infrastructure play crucial roles equity. For example, lower-income individuals often face barriers poor healthcare, misinformation, logistical challenges, particularly rural areas. Addressing requires a multifaceted approach, integrating policies local strategies enhance vaccines' accessibility, counter ensure equitable distribution. Collaborative efforts all levels are essential promote equity effectively control ensuring that populations fair life-saving vaccines. This review explores complex issues, offering insights into facilitators providing recommendations more effective vaccination programs. With focus on different which planned implemented, text provides guidelines steer strategies, emphasizing role international cooperation policy frameworks keys achieving coverage.

Language: Английский

Citations

5
Immunological memory to COVID-19 vaccines in immunocompromised and immunocompetent children DOI Creative Commons

Constanza Russo,

Adrián Otero,

Macarena Uranga

et al.

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Feb. 17, 2025

Background Most children in Argentina received only the initial COVID-19 vaccine series, with presumed hybrid immunity after multiple Omicron waves. However, durability of immune memory, particularly immunocompromised (IC) children, remains poorly studied. Methods A cohort IC (n=45) and healthy (HC, n=79) was assessed between 13 to 17 months receiving two or three doses BBIBP-CorV and/or BNT162b2. Plasma anti-spike IgG, neutralizing activity antigen-specific CD4+ CD8+ T cells against Wuhan BA.5 variants were assessed. Results remained seropositive doses, but compared HC, exhibited lower titers both BA.5, those vaccinated BBIBP-CorV. Even showed weaker antibody response, cell responses IFN-γ production HC. Integrated analysis antibodies, memory CD4 + , CD8 revealed a weak among an important compromise responses. Conclusions Immunity can last up months, reduced effectiveness new highlights need for updated vaccines, especially children. Additional efforts are essential enhance vaccination coverage protect this vulnerable population.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Balancing fairness and efficiency in dynamic vaccine allocation during major infectious disease outbreaks DOI Creative Commons
Zhaoli Dai,

Hongjie Lan,

Hai Nan

et al.

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Jan. 8, 2025

The outbreak of novel infectious diseases presents major public health challenges, highlighting the urgency accelerating vaccination efforts to reduce morbidity and mortality. Vaccine allocation has become a crucial societal concern. This paper introduces dynamic vaccine model that considers demand uncertainty willingness, focusing on trade-off between fairness efficiency. We develop multi-period model, evaluating optimal strategies over different periods. addresses structural differences among groups, strategy selection, demand, willingness. Our findings suggest prioritizing efficiency in initial stages may lead inequitable distribution, causing adverse social impacts, while overemphasizing can undermine overall utility. Therefore, we propose optimization-based balancing at pandemic stages. results indicate should shift from as evolves enhance Additionally, macro-level interventions like reducing free-rider behavior increasing convenience improve total study offers new perspectives methodologies for allocation, efficiency, providing insights policy formulation response.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Association of gross domestic product with equitable access to childhood vaccines in 195 countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis DOI Creative Commons
Jerome Nyhalah Dinga,

Jones Soladoye Akinbobola,

Funmilayo I. D. Afolayan

et al.

BMJ Global Health, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 10(1), P. e015693 - e015693

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Gross domestic product (GDP) has been shown to affect government spending on various budget heads including healthcare and the purchase distribution of vaccines. This vulnerable situation exacerbated by COVID-19 pandemic which disrupted exposed fragile nature equitable access vaccines for childhood immunisation globally. A systematic review meta-analysis assess association country income status GDP with vaccination coverage other major infectious diseases around globe will inform global national policy equity in living standards vaccine uptake. study was carried out identify factors influenced that access, distribution, uptake world using a approach. Data were extracted burden programmes, affecting vaccines, procurement platforms, percentage used Factors influencing rate also assessed. The protocol registered PROSPERO (ID: CRD42022350418) Preferred Reporting Items Systematic Reviews Meta-Analyses guidelines. from 195 countries showed following had highest burden; human papillomavirus (HPV), measles, Ebola yellow fever. Low-income some lower-middle-income (LMICs) COVAX UNICEF while high-income (HICs) preferred regional public tenders. Global tuberculosis, diphtheria/tetanus/pertussis, hepatitis B, Haemophilus influenzae type b, polio, meningitis HPV significantly higher than COVID-19. Being an HIC having data collected 1985 2015 as most current associated high coverage. spent did not influence LMICs should prioritise research improve development capacity. Countries worldwide share expenditure, coverage, introduction new technologies facilitate access.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Roles of mobile teams in tracing lost to follow–up clients: evidence from the optimization of COVID-19 vaccination uptake and routine immunization in Ekiti State DOI Creative Commons

Saheed Dipo Isiaka,

Dapo Awobeku,

Akolade Uthman Jimoh

et al.

BMC Health Services Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: Jan. 27, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Subcutaneous Administration of an Endocrine-Mimetic, Slow-Release Protein Material Reduces the Severity of SARS-CoV-2 Infection DOI Creative Commons
Eloi Parladé, Ferran Tarrés-Freixas, Marianna Teixeira de Pinho Favaro

et al.

Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 106813 - 106813

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Antiviral Activity of Halogenated Compounds Derived from L-Tyrosine Against SARS-CoV-2 DOI Creative Commons

Paula A. Velásquez-Bedoya,

María I. Zapata-Cardona, Laura Milena Monsalve-Escudero

et al.

Molecules, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 30(7), P. 1419 - 1419

Published: March 22, 2025

Introduction: Currently, there are no effective medications for treating all the clinical conditions of patients with COVID-19. We aimed to evaluate antiviral activity compounds derived from L-tyrosine against B.1 lineage SARS-CoV-2 in vitro and silico. Methodology: The cytotoxicities 15 halogenated were evaluated Vero-E6 cells by MTT assay. was using four strategies, viral quantification performed a plaque assay qRT-PCR. toxicity ADMET predictor software. affinity these or cellular proteins stability their conformations determined docking molecular dynamics, respectively. Results: TODC-3M, TODI-2M, YODC-3M reduced titer >40% inhibited replication RNA without significant cytotoxicity. In silico analyses revealed that presented low binding energies between −4.3 −5.2 Kcal/mol three (spike, Mpro, RdRp). TODC-3M most stable proteins. Conclusions: promising YODC-3M, which toxicity, potential through different favorable affinities targets. Therefore, they candidates vivo studies.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Pandemic treaty textual analysis: ethics and public health implications DOI Creative Commons
Emma Anderson, Elizabeth Fenton, John A. Crump

et al.

Journal of Public Health, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 16, 2025

Abstract Background The World Health Organization’s convention, agreement or other international instrument on pandemic prevention, preparedness, and response, often referred to as the ‘pandemic treaty’, was established with principles guide implementation. treaty’s underlying ethic cosmopolitan in intent, emphasizing equal value of all people obligations stemming from shared humanity. Methods working draft 13 July 2022 proposed 22 April 2024 were compared by textual analysis for content sequence. Changes analysed using ethical framework cosmopolitanism associated public health implications identified. Results Compared draft, consolidated such solidarity reduced specific obligations, weakening demands. Sovereignty elevated cardinal principle, while tied equity human rights less specific, reflecting a shift intentions emphasis cooperation goals. Conclusions made through treaty negotiation process suggest amnesia, undermining global equity, justice, consequences preparedness. Strengthening text is essential embed collective motivation necessary effective before next pandemic.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Biological and physicochemical stability assessment of a nanostructured vaccine formulation DOI

Federico N. Ruiz Moreno,

Constanza Marín,

Nicolás D. Dho

et al.

Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 106940 - 106940

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Mobilizing research for contextualized innovation: scarcity and urgency as drivers during Covid-19 in the South DOI

Judith Sutz,

Cecilia Tomassini,

María Schmukler

et al.

Science and Public Policy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 9, 2025

Abstract Developing countries faced significant challenges during the Covid-19 pandemic, including severe difficulties in importing essential medical supplies and equipment. Domestic production of such devices, often based on blueprints requiring expensive resources, was constrained by widespread shortages. However, many Latin American other Southern nations successfully mobilized their scientific communities to develop efficient, context-specific solutions these challenges. This paper explores how conditions urgency scarcity acted as catalysts for innovative problem-solving. It examines three pandemic-related innovations Uruguay conducting comprehensive interviews with key stakeholders. By examining lessons learned from innovation processes, this contributes public policy discussions leveraging capacities under highlights pathways collaborative responses future health Additionally, it ongoing literature debate drive innovation—specifically, directionality transformative action—by advocating context-specific, alternative technological across different regions achieve global objectives.

Language: Английский

Citations

0