Structural Characterization of APSN from Astragalus membranaceus and Its Potential Therapeutic Effect on Immune Dysregulation and Tissue Damage

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 7, 2025

Addressing the global health impact of inflammatory and immune-mediated diseases, this study focused on purifying characterizing a neutral polysaccharide, APSN, from Astragalus membranaceus. Employing high-performance gel permeation chromatography (HPGPC), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, we elucidated APSN's structural features, revealing highly branched glucan with 1,4-α-d-glucopyranosyl main chain side chains at O-6 position. Separately, assessed biological activity, finding that it significantly modulates immune responses by inhibiting NF-κB pathway in RAW264.7 macrophages promotes endothelial cell proliferation angiogenesis-related gene expression HUVECs. These results position APSN as potential therapeutic for diseases characterized dysregulation tissue damage, warranting further investigation its mechanisms clinical efficacy.

Language: Английский

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A case-based review of IgA vasculitis complicated with gastrointestinal infections: insights from a norovirus-associated case in an adolescent

Rheumatology International, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 45(5)

Published: April 22, 2025

Language: Английский

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IgA Vasculitis (Henoch–Schönlein Purpura): An Update on Treatment

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(21), P. 6621 - 6621

Published: Nov. 4, 2024

Objective: IgA vasculitis (IgAV), previously named as Henoch–Schönlein purpura, is the most frequent systemic in children. In adults, IgAV less common although it associated with more severe disease. fact, frequency of glomerulonephritis (referred to nephritis) adults higher than children and tends present severely, around 10–30% those affected eventually progressing end-stage renal this review, we describe pathophysiology, main clinical features, diagnosis disease, latest data regarding therapy. Methods: A narrative literature primarily based on articles published PubMed, was conducted. addition discussing aspects glucocorticoids conventional disease-modifying drugs used management IgAV, review focuses information reported biologics potential future therapies. Results: Glucocorticoids are first-line therapy for especially manifestations. Colchicine, dapsone, methotrexate can be useful controlling minor Several immunomodulatory agents, such cyclosporine A, tacrolimus, mycophenolate mofetil, have shown favorable results glucocorticoid-sparing agents. Leflunomide has promising but requires further study. The use rituximab demonstrated efficacy reducing relapse frequency, lowering cumulative glucocorticoid burden, achieving long-term remission disease IgAV. Immunoglobulins plasma exchange also difficult life-threatening situations. Other therapies encouraging include TRF-budesonide, B-cell-directed therapy, B-cell-depleting sodium–glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors, endothelin receptor antagonists, complement pathway inhibitors. Conclusions: role various therapies, calcineurin inhibitors remains promising, while reduces side effects help achieve remission. require research.

Language: Английский

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SARS-CoV-2 as a trigger of IgA vasculitis: a clinical case and literature review

Rheumatology International, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 44(11), P. 2613 - 2620

Published: Sept. 9, 2024

Language: Английский

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Epidemiology of systemic vasculitis

Current Opinion in Rheumatology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 6, 2024

Purpose of review Ongoing research contributes to our understanding the epidemiology vasculitis and its outcomes across globe. This aims summarize important studies published on this topic in last 18 months. Recent findings The implementation rapid referral systems use large vessel imaging have improved diagnosis giant cell arteritis. A population-based study immunoglobulin G4-related disease provides incidence prevalence estimates for United States first time. Recently data supported viral infectious triggers Kawasaki vasculitis. Population antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody associated report an increase eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis provided further insights into burden cardiovascular these patients. Data Behçet's continues show increased all-cause mortality need better treatment strategies. Summary literature highlights heterogeneity different parts world as well outcomes, comorbidities, potential triggers. Thought new classification criteria are being employed some forms vasculitis, standardization case identification remains unmet multiple other

Language: Английский

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IgA Vasculitis in an Adult Linked to Cryptosporidium and Giardia Co-Infection: A Comprehensive Case Study

American Journal of Case Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24

Published: Nov. 23, 2023

Background:Immunoglobulin A (IgA) vasculitis is a small-vessel characterized by the deposition of IgA immune complexes primarily in skin, kidneys, and gastrointestinal tract.While it predominantly affects children, cases adults are associated with more severe manifestations.Evidence suggests that infectious triggers play pivotal role its etiology.Often, follows self-limiting course doesn't necessitate intervention. Case Report:We present case 51-year-old man who presented maculopapular rash, arthralgia, abdominal pain.An examination revealed purpuric rash on lower extremities abdomen.A extremity duplex ultrasound identified deep vein thrombosis (DVT) right leg.Skin biopsy confirmed diagnosis vasculitis, demonstrating perivascular neutrophilic infiltrate complex deposition.Stool studies co-infection Cryptosporidium Giardia.The patient was treated prednisone taper significant improvement symptoms. Conclusions:This highlights potential as trigger for vasculitis.The presence concurrent infections underscores interplay between development Giardia secondary infection may be involved, further complicating disease's etiology.The observation DVT possible link prothrombotic state.This report serves to expand knowledge complications, guiding clinicians diagnosing managing similar while emphasizing importance vigilance these

Language: Английский

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[Research advances in the etiology and pathogenesis of immunoglobulin A vasculitis].

PubMed, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 25(12), P. 1287 - 1292

Published: Dec. 15, 2023

Immunoglobulin A vasculitis (IgAV), also known as Henoch-Schönlein purpura, has complex etiology and pathogenesis which have not been fully clarified. The latest research shows that SARS-CoV-2 related vaccines, human papilloma vaccine, certain biological agents can induce IgAV. Most studies believe the formation of galactose-deficient IgA1 (Gd-IgA1) Gd-IgA1-containing immune plays a crucial role in It is hypothesized IgAV associated with binding to anti-endothelial cell antibodies. In addition, genetics constitutes major focus research. This article reviews new advances summarizes Gd-IgA1, complex, antibody, conjugates, T lymphocyte immunity, genetic factors IgAV.免疫球蛋白A血管炎（immunoglobulin vasculitis, IgAV），也称过敏性紫癜，病因及发病机制较为复杂，目前尚未完全阐明。最新研究表明，新型冠状病毒及相关疫苗、人乳头瘤疫苗及其他生物制剂等也可以诱发IgAV。大多研究认为，半乳糖缺陷型IgA1（galactose-deficient IgA1, Gd-IgA1）及含Gd-IgA1的免疫复合物形成在IgAV发病机制中起至关重要的作用。也有假设提出IgAV的发生与IgA1和抗内皮细胞抗体的结合有关。此外，遗传学也是IgAV研究的重点。该文综述IgAV病因的新进展，并总结Gd-IgA1、含Gd-IgA1的免疫复合物、抗内皮细胞抗体和IgA1的结合物、T细胞免疫及遗传因素在IgAV发病机制中的作用。.

Language: Английский

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Analysis of Epidemiological Characteristics of 2721 Cases of Immunoglobulin A Vasculitis in Minors and Adults

Journal of Social Science and Humanities, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 6(2)

Published: Feb. 28, 2024

Background: To understand the distribution of onset time, age onset, and gender IgAV patients admitted to our hospital, analyze differences similarities between minors adults. Methods: The clinical data 2721 with including adults a tertiary hospital in Hefei fromJanuary 2009 December 2022 were collected analyzed retrospectively.Results: Among cases, 53.4% (<18 years old), 46.6% (≥18 old).The disease peak occurred aged 5-9 years, while adults, there more young people 18-30.The male-to-female ratio was 1:0.74 1:1.2 adults.Minors exhibited significant seasonal distribution, peaking fall winter, showed less pronounced seasonality, about 63% cases colder months trough summer.Conclusion: is most prevalent boys among minors, adult common, women 18-30 are susceptible disease.Minors should be alert mitigate risk infection cold season.

Language: Английский

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The incidence of vasculitides in Israel from 2007 to 2021 and during the COVID-19 pandemic

Therapeutic Advances in Musculoskeletal Disease, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

The incidence of various types vasculitis conditions over time, specifically during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), is unknown.

Language: Английский

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The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the incidence and clinical course of IgA vasculitis in paediatric patients

Pediatria i Medycyna Rodzinna, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 20(2), P. 189 - 195

Published: Sept. 27, 2024

Introduction and objective: Immunoglobulin A vasculitis is an autoimmune disorder resulting from immune complex accumulation in small blood vessels, causing skin, joint, abdominal, kidney manifestations. This study evaluated the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on incidence clinical course immunoglobulin paediatric patients. Materials methods: retrospective analysis medical records a single university hospital was performed to compare 117 patients presenting with before 57 after epidemic announcement Poland 20 March 2020. Laboratory results, hospitalisation duration, preceding infections, presentation, history allergies vaccinations, proportion among all admissions were analysed. Results: The 174 showed that their average age during (5.51 ± 3.10) significantly lower than pre-pandemically (6.98 3.67) (p < 0.05). Before pandemic, more hospitalised had (1.14%) compared (0.47%) Food also common (20.8%) (8.8%) No significant differences found nephritis abdominal symptoms = 0.194, p 0.381, 0.968, respectively). Three infection at admission. Conclusions: led fewer hospitalisations but did not alter disease or nephritis. In context resurgence it important consider them as potential factors affecting vasculitis. Ongoing research essential understand these dynamics guide effective management amidst evolving setting.

Language: Английский

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