Plants,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
13(15), P. 2071 - 2071
Published: July 26, 2024
Agriculture
and
changing
environmental
conditions
are
closely
related,
as
weather
changes
could
adversely
affect
living
organisms
or
regions
of
crop
cultivation.
Changing
trigger
different
abiotic
stresses,
which
ultimately
cause
the
accumulation
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS)
in
plants.
Common
ROS
production
sites
chloroplast,
endoplasmic
reticulum,
plasma
membrane,
mitochondria,
peroxisomes,
etc.
The
imbalance
detoxification
plant
cells
leads
to
oxidative
damage
biomolecules
such
lipids,
nucleic
acids,
proteins.
At
low
concentrations,
initiates
signaling
events
related
development
adaptations
stress
plants
by
inducing
signal
transduction
pathways.
In
plants,
a
is
perceived
various
receptors
that
induce
pathway
activates
numerous
networks,
disrupt
gene
expression,
impair
diversity
kinase/phosphatase
cascades
manage
response
plant,
result
physiological
responses
under
stresses.
also
regulates
ABA-dependent
ABA-independent
pathways
mitigate
drought
stress.
This
review
focuses
on
common
subcellular
location
manufacturing,
complex
mechanisms,
networks
ROS,
with
an
emphasis
cellular
effects
enzymatic
non-enzymatic
antioxidant
scavenging
mechanisms
BMC Plant Biology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
25(1)
Published: Feb. 10, 2025
Bell
pepper
(Capsicum
annuum
L.)
is
a
commercially
important
and
nutritionally
rich
vegetable
crop
in
the
Solanaceae
family.
Alkaline
stress
(AS)
can
disrupt
growth,
metabolism,
and,
particularly,
nutritional
quality.
This
study
aims
to
evaluate
role
of
iron
oxide
nanoparticles
(FeNP)
mitigating
AS
enhancing
plant
growth
metabolic
functions
by
conducting
experiments
under
controlled
greenhouse
conditions
with
four
main
treatments:
(irrigating
plants
alkaline
salts
mixture
solution);
FeNP
(foliar
application
Fe3O4
at
100
mg
L−¹);
+
(integrated
treatment
FeNP);
CK
(control).
The
results
clearly
demonstrated
that
negatively
affects
biomass,
photosynthetic
attributes,
membrane
integrity,
carbohydrate
balance
antioxidant
system.
Additionally,
key
phenolic
flavonoid
compounds
decreased
AS,
indicating
detrimental
effect
on
plant's
secondary
metabolites.
In
contrast,
not
only
improved
attributes
but
also
enhanced
integrity
restored
balance.
restoration
was
driven
accumulation
sugars
(glucose,
fructose,
sucrose)
starch,
along
metabolism
enzymes—sucrose
phosphate
synthase
(SPS),
sucrose
(SuSy),
neutral
invertase
(NI),
vacuolar
(VI)—and
their
associated
gene
expression.
correlation
analysis
further
revealed
tight
regulation
both
enzymatic
transcript
levels
all
tissue
types,
except
for
SPS
roots.
Furthermore,
resulted
increased
phenolics
(dihydrocapsaicin,
capsaicin,
p-coumaric
acid,
sinapic
p-OH
benzoic
benzaldehyde,
ferulic
acid)
(dihydroquercetin,
naringenin,
kaempferol,
dihydrokaempferol,
quercetin)
compared
treatment,
thus
suggesting
these
metabolites
likely
contribute
stabilization
cellular
structures
membranes,
ultimately
supporting
physiological
resilience
stress.
conclusion,
demonstrate
potential
bell
against
improving
Frontiers in Microbiology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
16
Published: Feb. 13, 2025
Garlic
is
an
important
spice
crop
used
for
flavoring
food
and
has
a
long
history
of
use
in
traditional
medicine.
However,
black
mold
common
fungal
disease
affecting
garlic,
which
was
caused
by
Aspergillus
infection.
This
significantly
impacts
both
the
production
quality
garlic.
Therefore,
this
study
aimed
to
evaluate
antifungal
activity
novel
green-synthesized
zinc
oxide
nanoparticles
(ZnO-NPs)
against
diseases
An
environmentally
friendly
green
synthesis
technique
produce
ZnO-NPs
using
zinc-tolerant
bacteria
Serratia
sp.
(ZTB24).
In
present
experimental
analysis
viz.
UV-Vis
spectroscopy
at
380
nm,
transmission
electron
microscopy
(TEM),
dynamic
light
scattering
(DLS),
zeta
potential
confirmed
successful
biosynthesis
from
The
poisoned
spore
germination
test
revealed
activities
A.
niger
under
vitro
conditions.
presence
disease-causing
fungus
through
its
isolation
infected
garlic
bulbs,
it
further
identified
molecular
level
inter-transcribed
sequence
(ITS)
rDNA
sequencing.
reduced
mycelial
growth
up
90%
73%
250
μg
ml
−1
concentration
ZnO-NPs.
were
vivo
different
concentrations
(50,
100,
250,
500
ppm)
post-harvest
treatment
percentage
severity
assessed
after
7
14
days,
application
ppm
exhibited
0%
pre-inoculation
method,
while
plant
recorded
1.10%
days
0.90%
post-inoculation
compared
control
group.
Hence,
synthesized
paves
way
development
natural
fungicides,
offering
sustainable
renewable
alternative
chemical
methods.
Plants,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
14(1), P. 2 - 2
Published: Dec. 24, 2024
The
proteinogenic
amino
acid
proline
plays
crucial
roles
in
both
plant
development
and
stress
responses,
far
exceeding
its
role
protein
synthesis.
However,
the
molecular
mechanisms
relative
importance
of
these
additional
functions
remain
under
study.
It
is
well
documented
that
responses
developmental
processes
are
associated
with
accumulation.
Under
conditions,
believed
to
confer
tolerance,
while
physiological
it
assists
processes,
particularly
during
reproductive
phase.
Due
proline’s
properties
as
a
compatible
osmolyte
potential
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS)
scavenger,
most
beneficial
effects
have
historically
been
attributed
physicochemical
consequences
accumulation
plants.
emerging
evidence
points
metabolism
primary
driver
effects.
Recent
reports
shown
metabolism,
addition
supporting
development,
can
modulate
root
meristem
size
by
controlling
ROS
distribution
meristem.
dynamic
interplay
between
highlights
sophisticated
regulatory
network
essential
for
resilience
survival.
This
fine-tuning
mechanism,
enabled
pro-oxidant
antioxidant
compartmentalized
redox
balance
homeostasis,
potentially
explaining
many
multiple
proline.
review
uniquely
integrates
recent
findings
on
dual
scavenging
signaling,
provides
an
updated
overview
research
published
date,
proposes
unified
mechanism
could
account
assigned
defense.
By
focusing
ROS,
we
aim
provide
comprehensive
understanding
this
proposed
highlight
applications
improving
crop
environmental
stress.
Additionally,
address
current
gaps
suggest
future
directions
further
elucidate
complex
biology.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
25(22), P. 12424 - 12424
Published: Nov. 19, 2024
Microbial
plant
biostimulants
offer
a
promising,
sustainable
solution
for
enhancing
growth
and
resilience,
particularly
under
abiotic
stress
conditions
such
as
drought,
salinity,
extreme
temperatures,
heavy
metal
toxicity.
These
biostimulants,
including
growth-promoting
rhizobacteria,
mycorrhizal
fungi,
nitrogen-fixing
bacteria,
enhance
tolerance
through
mechanisms
phytohormone
production,
nutrient
solubilization,
osmotic
adjustment,
antioxidant
enzyme
activation.
Advances
in
genomics,
metagenomics,
transcriptomics,
proteomics
have
significantly
expanded
our
understanding
of
plant-microbe
molecular
communication
the
rhizosphere,
revealing
underlying
these
interactions
that
promote
resilience.
However,
challenges
inconsistent
field
performance,
knowledge
gaps
stress-related
signaling,
regulatory
hurdles
continue
to
limit
broader
biostimulant
adoption.
Despite
challenges,
microbial
hold
significant
potential
advancing
agricultural
sustainability,
amid
climate
change-induced
stresses.
Future
studies
innovation,
Clustered
Regularly
Interspaced
Short
Palindromic
Repeats
other
editing
tools,
should
optimize
formulations
their
application
diverse
agro-ecological
systems.
This
review
aims
underscore
current
advances,
future
directions
field,
advocating
multidisciplinary
approach
fully
harness
modern
agriculture.
