Rising to the challenge of sustaining coral reef resilience

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2010, Volume and Issue: 25(11), P. 633 - 642

Published: Aug. 27, 2010

Language: Английский

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Resilience (Republished)

Ecology and Society, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 21(4)

Published: Jan. 1, 2016

Resilience thinking in relation to the environment has emerged as a lens of inquiry that serves platform for interdisciplinary dialogue and collaboration. is about cultivating capacity sustain development face expected surprising change diverse pathways potential thresholds between them. The evolution resilience coupled social-ecological systems truly intertwined human-environment planet. persistence, adaptability, transformability complex adaptive focus, clarifying dynamic forward-looking nature concept. emphasizes systems, from individual, community, society whole, are embedded biosphere. biosphere connection an essential observation if sustainability be taken seriously. In continuous advancement there efforts aimed at capturing finding ways people institutions govern dynamics improved human well-being, local, across levels scales, global. Consequently, thinking, issues planet, framed context understanding governing part

Language: Английский

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Alternative states on coral reefs: beyond coral–macroalgal phase shifts

Marine Ecology Progress Series, Journal Year: 2008, Volume and Issue: 376, P. 295 - 306

Published: Nov. 12, 2008

MEPS Marine Ecology Progress Series Contact the journal Facebook Twitter RSS Mailing List Subscribe to our mailing list via Mailchimp HomeLatest VolumeAbout JournalEditorsTheme Sections 376:295-306 (2009) - DOI: https://doi.org/10.3354/meps07815 REVIEW Alternative states on coral reefs: beyond coral–macroalgal phase shifts Albert V. Norström1,2,*, Magnus Nyström1,2, Jerker Lokrantz1,2, Carl Folke2,3 1Natural Resource Management, Department of Systems Ecology, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden 2Stockholm Resilience Centre, 3The Beijer Institute, The Royal Swedish Academy Sciences, SE-104 05 *Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT: Degradation reefs is often associated with changes in community structure where macroalgae become dominant benthic life form. These can be difficult reverse. debate reef has not focused reports becoming dominated by other forms following disturbance. A review primary and grey literature indicates that corallimorpharia, soft corals, sponges sea urchins enter an alternative state as a result shift. Shifts triggered pulse disturbances cause large-scale mortality, may stable positive feedback mechanisms. However, they differ from archetypical coral–macroalgae shift, depending factors driving shift; whereas coral–urchin seem driven loss top-down control through overfishing, corallimorpharian, sponge dominance more bottom-up dynamics. Understanding differences similarities mechanisms maintain this variety will aid management aimed at preventing reversing reefs. KEY WORDS: Phase · Coral Corallimorpharia Soft Sponge Urchin barren Full text pdf format PreviousNextCite article as: Norström AV, Nyström M, Lokrantz J, Folke C shifts. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 376:295-306. Export citation Tweet linkedIn Cited Published Vol. 376. Online publication date: February 11, 2009 Print ISSN: 0171-8630; 1616-1599 Copyright © Inter-Research.

Language: Английский

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Resilience in ecology: Abstraction, distraction, or where the action is?

Biological Conservation, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 177, P. 43 - 51

Published: July 7, 2014

Language: Английский

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Rethinking Ecosystem Resilience in the Face of Climate Change

PLoS Biology, Journal Year: 2010, Volume and Issue: 8(7), P. e1000438 - e1000438

Published: July 27, 2010

Resilience is usually defined as the capacity of an ecosystem to absorb disturbance without shifting alternative state and losing function services [1]–[3]. The concept therefore encompasses two separate processes: resistance—the magnitude that causes a change in structure—and recovery—the speed return original structure [4],[5]—which are fundamentally different but rarely distinguished. Yet, resilience has become central management natural ecosystems [6],[7]. Many current actions aim alleviate local stressors effort increase global climate [8],[9]. Such philosophy premised on belief eliminating drivers ecological will ability resist future disturbances, its recover from such or both [2],[6]. Measuring fraught with difficulties [1],[3]. Nevertheless, assessing changes result action critical because there general agreement for existence strong link between sustainability [10]. Successfully increasing systems may have important implications human welfare face change. In this Perspective, we argue expectation increased communities through reduction be incorrect, resilience-focused may, fact, greater vulnerability impacts. We illustrate our argument using coral reefs model. Coral crisis due ever-increasing impacts these biodiverse habitats [11],[12]. These stem multiplicity stressors, fishing, eutrophication, sedimentation. It not surprising resilience—to particular—is perhaps more strongly advocated underpinning than any other [9],. Marine reserves no-take areas, most popular form spatial reef conservation, widely thought potential [11],[13],[14],[17]. But do they really?

Language: Английский

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Critical thresholds and tangible targets for ecosystem-based management of coral reef fisheries

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2011, Volume and Issue: 108(41), P. 17230 - 17233

Published: Sept. 26, 2011

Sustainably managing ecosystems is challenging, especially for complex systems such as coral reefs. This study develops critical reference points sustainable management by using a large empirical dataset on the reefs of western Indian Ocean to investigate associations between levels target fish biomass (as an indicator fishing intensity) and eight metrics ecosystem state. These ecological each exhibited specific thresholds along continuum fishable ranging from heavily fished sites old fisheries closures. Three lay above five below hypothesized window expected produce maximum multispecies yield ( B MMSY ). Evaluating three in nine countries, we found that unregulated often operate , whereas closures and, less frequently, gear-restricted were within or this window. findings provide tangible targets reef highlight key tradeoffs required achieve different conservation goals.

Language: Английский

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Coral–macroalgal phase shifts or reef resilience: links with diversity and functional roles of herbivorous fishes on the Great Barrier Reef

Coral Reefs, Journal Year: 2010, Volume and Issue: 29(4), P. 1005 - 1015

Published: Aug. 11, 2010

Language: Английский

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Prioritizing Key Resilience Indicators to Support Coral Reef Management in a Changing Climate

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2012, Volume and Issue: 7(8), P. e42884 - e42884

Published: Aug. 29, 2012

Managing coral reefs for resilience to climate change is a popular concept but has been difficult implement because the empirical scientific evidence either not evaluated or sometimes unsupportive of theory, which leads uncertainty when considering methods and identifying priority reefs. We asked experts reviewed literature guidance on multiple physical biological factors that affect ability resist recover from disturbance. Eleven key inform decisions based scaling achievability quantifying were identified. Factors important resistance recovery, are components resilience, strongly related, should be assessed independently. The abundance resistant (heat-tolerant) species past temperature variability perceived provide greatest change, while recruitment rates, macroalgae most influential in recovery process. Based 11 factors, we tested an evidence-based framework Indonesian marine protected area. results suggest our evidence-weighted improved upon existing un-weighted terms characterizing distinguishing sites. evaluation supports that, despite high ecological complexity, relatively few strong variables can influencing ecosystem dynamics. This first rigorous assessment promoting reef their importance, evidence, feasibility measurement. There differences between scientists' perceptions factor importance found journal publications more before after impact studies will required fully test validity all factors. here increase defensibility including metrics evaluations reefs, as well reduce costs. Adaptation, areas, setting, resistance, recovery.

Language: Английский

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Changes in Biodiversity and Functioning of Reef Fish Assemblages following Coral Bleaching and Coral Loss

Diversity, Journal Year: 2011, Volume and Issue: 3(3), P. 424 - 452

Published: Aug. 12, 2011

Coral reef ecosystems are increasingly subject to severe, large-scale disturbances caused by climate change (e.g., coral bleaching) and other more direct anthropogenic impacts. Many of these cause loss corresponding changes in habitat structure, which has further important effects on abundance diversity fishes. Declines the fishes considerable concern, given potential ecosystem function. This study explored loss, recorded studies conducted throughout world, also individual responses within different functional groups. Extensive (>60%) almost invariably led declines fish diversity. Moreover, most declined following acute that >10% local cover. Response diversity, is considered critical maintaining function promoting resilience, was very low for corallivores, but much higher herbivores, omnivores carnivores. Sustained ongoing thus poses a significant threat hotspots no less susceptible projected

Language: Английский

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Coral reef recovery dynamics in a changing world

Coral Reefs, Journal Year: 2011, Volume and Issue: 30(2), P. 283 - 294

Published: Jan. 12, 2011

Language: Английский

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