A highly diversified NLR cluster in melon contains homologs that confer powdery mildew and aphid resistance

Horticulture Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: Dec. 13, 2023

Abstract Podosphaera xanthii is the main causal agent of powdery mildew (PM) on Cucurbitaceae. In Cucumis melo, Pm-w resistance gene, which confers to P. xanthii, located chromosome 5 in a cluster nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat receptors (NLRs). We used positional cloning and transgenesis, isolate Pm-wWMR 29 gene encoding coiled-coil NLR (CC-NLR). conferred high level race 1 PM intermediate 3 PM. turned out be homolog Aphis gossypii Vat-1PI 161375. confirmed that did not confer aphids, while 161375 showed both homologs were included highly diversified NLRs, Vat cluster. Specific markers present 10% 13% 678 accessions representative wild cultivated melon types worldwide. Phylogenic reconstruction 34 protein identified 24 revealed an ancestor with four R65aa—a specific motif LRR domain, evolved towards aphid virus resistance, five R65aa resistance. The complexity comprising Vat/Pm-w genes its diversity suggest may contribute recognition broad range yet pests pathogens.

Language: Английский

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Approaches to increase the validity of gene family identification using manual homology search tools

Genetica, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 151(6), P. 325 - 338

Published: Oct. 10, 2023

Abstract Identifying homologs is an important process in the analysis of genetic patterns underlying traits and evolutionary relationships among species. Analysis gene families often used to form support hypotheses on such as presence, absence, or functional divergence which underlie examined studies. These analyses require precise identification all members a targeted family. Manual pipelines where homology search orthology assignment tools are separately most common approach for identifying small accurate important. The ability curate sequences between steps manual allows simple possible family members. However, validity pipeline decreased by inappropriate approaches searches including too relaxed stringent statistical thresholds, query sequences, classification based sequence similarity alone, low-quality proteome genome sequences. In this article, we propose several mitigate these issues allow linking traits.

Language: Английский

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Prediction of NB‐LRR resistance genes based on full‐length sequence homology

The Plant Journal, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 110(6), P. 1592 - 1602

Published: April 2, 2022

The activation of plant immunity is mediated by resistance (R)-gene receptors, also known as nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NB-LRR) genes, which in turn trigger the authentic defense response. R-gene identification a crucial goal for both classic and modern breeding strategies disease resistance. conventional method identifies NB-LRR genes using protein motif/domain-based search (PDS) within an automatically predicted gene set respective genome assembly. PDS proved to be imprecise since masking prior automatic annotation unwittingly prevented comprehensive detection. Furthermore, R-genes have diversified species-specific manner, so that cannot universally standardized. Here, we present full-length Homology-based Prediction (HRP) genome's repertoire. Our has substantially addressed complex genomic organization tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) loci, proving more performant than well-established RenSeq approach. HRP efficiency was tested on three differently assembled annotated Beta sp. genomes. Indeed, identified up 45% compared previous approaches. turned out refined strategy allele mining, testified hitherto undiscovered Fom-2 homologs five Cucurbita In summary, our high-performance discovery will propel novel towards development improved cultivars.

Language: Английский

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Recent advances in the improvement of genetic resistance against disease in vegetable crops

PLANT PHYSIOLOGY, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 196(1), P. 32 - 46

Published: May 26, 2024

 Many R genes have been cloned and functionally validated.This has contributed to our understanding of gene mechanisms while providing effective resistance. Pangenomes provide the most accurate representation a species genome by incorporating genetic diversity from range individuals.The number pangenomes for vegetable crops is growing. Developments in resistance enrichment sequencing (RenSeq), such as SMRT RenSeq, facilitated rapid identification causal genes, well characterising species-wide repertoires genes. -omics technologies provided some insights into complex quantitative (QR). Alternative biotechnologies, ncRNA, can be used enhance disease resistance.

Language: Английский

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Multilevel evolution shapes the function of NB-LRR encoding genes in plant innate immunity

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Oct. 27, 2022

A sophisticated innate immune system based on diverse pathogen receptor genes (PRGs) evolved in the history of plant life. To reconstruct direction and magnitude evolutionary trajectories a given gene family, it is critical to detect ancestral signatures. The rearrangement functional domains made up diversification found PRG repertoires. Structural ancient mediated NB-LRR path from an initial set modular proteins. Events such as domain acquisition, sequence modification temporary or stable associations are prominent among rapidly evolving receptors. Over time PRGs continuously shaped by different forces find their optimal arrangement along genome. controlled robust regulatory that works at scales. It important understand how interaction network can be adjusted meet specific needs. high plasticity architecture multi-level control. Due complexity interacting with pathogens, multiple defense lines have been organized into interconnected groups. Genomic architecture, expression regulation allow deployment appropriate immunity response.

Language: Английский

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The First Genome-Wide Mildew Locus O Genes Characterization in the Lamiaceae Plant Family

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(17), P. 13627 - 13627

Published: Sept. 4, 2023

Powdery mildew (PM) is a widespread plant disease that causes significant economic losses in thousands crops of temperate climates, including Lamiaceae species. Multiple scientific studies describe peculiar form PM-resistance associated at the inactivation specific members Mildew Locus O (MLO) gene family, referred to as mlo-resistance. The characterization MLO genes, genomic level, would be first step toward their potential use breeding programs. We carried out genome-wide family 11 species, providing manual curated catalog 324 proteins. Evolutionary history and phylogenetic relationships were studied through maximum likelihood analysis motif patter reconstruction. Our approach highlighted seven different clades diversified starting from an ancestral domain pattern organized 18 highly conserved motifs. In addition, 74 putative PM susceptibility clustering clade V, identified. Finally, we performed codon-based evolutionary analysis, revealing general high level purifying selection eleven families, occurrence few regions under diversifying candidate factors. results this work may help address further biological questions concerning MLOs involved susceptibility. follow-up studies, it could investigated whether silencing or loss-of-function mutations one more these genes lead resistance.

Language: Английский

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Mycorrhizal Association and Plant Disease Protection: New Perspectives

IntechOpen eBooks, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 14, 2022

Soil fungi of the phylum Glomeromycota and plants form arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis. The AM fungi, during symbiosis, establish a sink for plant photosynthate by utilizing it biomass metabolic energy, while obtain nutrients water through AMF hyphae. benefits symbiosis on fitness include better mineral nutrition, especially those that are immobile in soil solution (e.g., phosphorus, copper, zinc), higher tolerance to abiotic stresses, such as drought, salinity, high temperature, presence heavy metals, others factors. Recent studies have revealed can suppress pests diseases activation defense regulatory genes. knowledge mechanisms behind induction resistance (mycorrhizal-induced [MIR]) remains unknown. This chapter describes current advanced status role MIR disease protection.

Language: Английский

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