The emergent properties of the connected brain

Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 378(6619), P. 505 - 510

Published: Nov. 3, 2022

There is more to brain connections than the mere transfer of signals between regions. Behavior and cognition emerge through cortical area interaction. This requires integration local distant areas orchestrated by densely connected networks. Brain determine brain's functional organization. The imaging in living has provided an opportunity identify driving factors behind neurobiology cognition. Connectivity differences species among humans have furthered understanding evolution diverging cognitive profiles. pathologies amplify this variability disconnections and, consequently, disintegration functions. prediction long-term symptoms now preferentially based on disconnections. paradigm shift will reshape our maps challenge current models.

Language: Английский

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Linking interindividual variability in brain structure to behaviour

Nature reviews. Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(5), P. 307 - 318

Published: April 1, 2022

Language: Английский

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Cerebral White Matter Myelination and Relations to Age, Gender, and Cognition: A Selective Review

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: July 6, 2021

White matter makes up about fifty percent of the human brain. Maturation white accompanies biological development and undergoes most dramatic changes during childhood adolescence. Despite advances in neuroimaging techniques, controversy concerning spatial, temporal patterns myelination, as well degree to which microstructural characteristics can vary a healthy brain function age, gender cognitive abilities still exists. In selective review we describe methods assessing myelination evaluate effects age nine major fiber tracts, highlighting their role higher-order functions. Our findings suggests that indices by tract, hemisphere. Effects were also identified, although some attribute differences methodological factors or social learning opportunities. Findings point further directions research will improve our understanding complex myelination-behavior relation across may have implications for educational clinical practice.

Language: Английский

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Latent disconnectome prediction of long-term cognitive-behavioural symptoms in stroke

Brain, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 146(5), P. 1963 - 1978

Published: March 16, 2023

Abstract Stroke significantly impacts the quality of life. However, long-term cognitive evolution in stroke is poorly predictable at individual level. There an urgent need to better predict symptoms based on acute clinical neuroimaging data. Previous works have demonstrated a strong relationship between location white matter disconnections and symptoms. rendering entire space possible disconnection-deficit associations optimally surveyable will allow for systematic association brain cognitive-behavioural measures Here we present most comprehensive framework, composite morphospace (disconnectome) neuropsychological scores 1 year after stroke. Linking latent disconnectome outcomes yields biological insights that are available as first atlas disconnectome-deficit relations across 86 scores—a Neuropsychological White Matter Atlas. Our novel predictive Disconnectome Symptoms Discoverer, achieved predictivity performances than six other models, including functional disconnection, lesion topology volume modelling. Out-of-sample prediction derived from this presented mean absolute error below 20% allowed personalize predictions. Prediction external cohort R2 = 0.201 semantic fluency. In addition, training testing were replicated two cohorts achieving 0.18 visuospatial performance. This framework interactive web application (http://disconnectomestudio.bcblab.com) provide foundations new practical approach modelling cognition We hope our help reduce burden deficits patients, their families wider society while also helping tailor future personalized treatment programmes discover targets treatments. expect framework’s range assessments power increase even further through crowdsourcing.

Language: Английский

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Controversy over the temporal cortical terminations of the left arcuate fasciculus: a reappraisal

Brain, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 145(4), P. 1242 - 1256

Published: Feb. 8, 2022

The arcuate fasciculus has been considered a major dorsal fronto-temporal white matter pathway linking frontal language production regions with auditory perception in the superior temporal gyrus, so-called Wernicke's area. In line this tradition, both historical and contemporary models of function have assigned primacy to projections fasciculus. However, classical anatomical descriptions emerging behavioural data are at odds assumption. On one hand, area may not be unique other stream deficits reported also for damage middle, inferior basal gyri that linked disconnection. These findings point reappraisal lobe. Here, we review functional evidence regarding cortical terminations left by incorporating dissection tractography stimulation using cortico-cortical evoked potentials direct electrical mapping awake patients. First, discuss fibres projecting gyrus rostro-caudal gradient region where phonological encoding auditory-motor transformation performed. Caudal within temporoparietal junction involved articulation associated third branch longitudinal fasciculus, while more rostral support acoustic phonetic features, supported fibres. We then move examine clinical showing multimodal is facilitated superior, but regions. Hence, how contribute (middle-posterior middle gyri), visual (posterior temporal/fusiform comprising word form area) lexical (anterior-middle information lobe processed, encoded translated into route Finally, out surgical implications model terms prediction avoidance neurological deficit.

Language: Английский

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White matter alterations in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): a systematic review of 129 diffusion imaging studies with meta-analysis

Molecular Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 28(10), P. 4098 - 4123

Published: July 21, 2023

Abstract Aberrant anatomical brain connections in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are reported inconsistently across diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) studies. Based on a pre-registered protocol (Prospero: CRD42021259192), we searched PubMed, Ovid, and Web of Knowledge until 26/03/2022 to conduct systematic review DWI We performed quality assessment based acquisition, preprocessing, analysis. Using signed differential mapping, meta-analyzed subset the retrieved studies amenable quantitative evidence synthesis, i.e., tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) studies, individuals any age and, separately, children, adults, high-quality datasets. Finally, conducted meta-regressions test effect age, sex, medication-naïvety. included 129 (6739 ADHD participants 6476 controls), which 25 TBSS provided peak coordinates for case-control differences fractional anisotropy (FA)(32 datasets) 18 mean diffusivity (MD)(23 datasets). The highlighted white matter alterations (especially reduced FA) projection, commissural association pathways with ADHD, were associated symptom severity cognitive deficits. meta-analysis showed consistent FA splenium body corpus callosum, extending cingulum. Lower was related older did not survive pediatric meta-analysis. About 68% low quality, mainly due acquisitions non-isotropic voxels or lack motion correction; sensitivity analysis datasets yielded no significant results. Findings suggest prominent posterior interhemispheric subserving motor functions affected although these might be influenced by non-optimal acquisition parameters/preprocessing. Absence findings children may late development callosal fibers, enhance adulthood. Clinicodemographic methodological major barriers consistency comparability among should addressed future investigations.

Language: Английский

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Dissecting white matter pathways: A neuroanatomical approach

Elsevier eBooks, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 397 - 421

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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TractGraphFormer: Anatomically Informed Hybrid Graph CNN-Transformer Network for Interpretable Sex and Age Prediction from Diffusion MRI Tractography

Medical Image Analysis, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 101, P. 103476 - 103476

Published: Jan. 20, 2025

Language: Английский

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Missing links: The functional unification of language and memory (L∪M)

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 133, P. 104489 - 104489

Published: Dec. 17, 2021

The field of neurocognition is currently undergoing a significant change perspective. Traditional neurocognitive models evolved into an integrative and dynamic vision cognitive functioning. Dynamic integration assumes interaction between domains traditionally considered to be distinct. Language declarative memory are regarded as separate functions supported by different neural systems. However, they also share anatomical structures (notably, the inferior frontal gyrus, supplementary motor area, superior middle temporal hippocampal complex) processes (such semantic working memory) that merge endorse our quintessential daily lives. We propose new model, "L∪M" (i.e., Language/union/Memory), considers these two interactively. fractionated language three fundamental dimensions or systems ("Receiver-Transmitter", "Controller-Manager" "Transformer-Associative" Systems), communicate reciprocally. formalized their interactions at brain level with connectivity-based approach. This taxonomy overcomes modular view functioning reconciles functional specialization plasticity in neurological disorders.

Language: Английский

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Microstructural white matter alterations associated with migraine headaches: a systematic review of diffusion tensor imaging studies

Brain Imaging and Behavior, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 16(5), P. 2375 - 2401

Published: June 16, 2022

Abstract The pathophysiology of migraine as a headache disorder is still undetermined. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) has significantly improved our knowledge about brain microstructure in this disease. Here, we aimed to systematically review DTI studies and survey the sources heterogeneity by investigating diffusion parameter changes associated with clinical characteristics subtypes. Microstructural changes, revealed widespread alteration metrics white matter (WM) tracts, subcortical cortical regions, were reported several studies. Specifically, corpus callosum, thalamic radiations, corona radiata, stem. These alterations showed high variability across cycle phases. Additionally, depressive/anxiety symptoms significant internal capsule, superior longitudinal fasciculus. No WM microstructural differences observed between patients without aura. Overall, chronic episodic inconsistency Migraine regions including can highlight neuronal damage plasticity mechanisms either following pain stimulations occurring or compensatory response migraine. Longitudinal applying advanced modalities may shed new light on underlying

Language: Английский

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