The interplay of spiritual health, resilience, and happiness: an evaluation among a group of dental students at a state university in Turkey

BMC Oral Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: May 21, 2024

Abstract Background Dental education is one of the disciplines where students are most significantly affected psychologically. The aim this study was to evaluate relationship between spiritual health, resilience and happiness levels dental at a state university in Turkey. Methods This cross- sectional included 212 from 3rd, 4th 5th grades faculty dentistry. A questionnaire consisting 4 sections used study. include students’ general academic information, Turkish adaptations Spiritual Well-Being Scale, Brief Resilience Oxford Happiness Questionnaire-Short Form. Data analysis performed with IBM SPSS 25 package program. Shapiro-Wilk test assess normal distribution data. Mann-Whitney U preferred for comparisons two categorical variables numerical variable. Kruskal-Wallis H employed involving presence examined using Spearman test. Results In terms scores, males had higher scores than females. It determined that third graders scored fifth harmony nature fourth deregulation scores. There positive correlation happiness, well-being resilience; negative anomie. no significant age As result multiple linear regression determine factors affecting happiness; increases will lead an increase levels. Conclusion concluded increased among group would happiness. However, further research needed understand mental during education.

Language: Английский

---

Reduced spatial frequency differentiation and sex‐related specificities in fearful face detection in autism: Insights from EEG and the predictive brain model

Autism Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(9), P. 1778 - 1795

Published: Aug. 2, 2024

Face processing relies on predictive processes driven by low spatial frequencies (LSF) that convey coarse information prior to fine conveyed high frequencies. However, autistic individuals might have atypical processes, contributing facial difficulties. This may be more normalized in females, who often exhibit better socio-communicational abilities than males. We hypothesized females would display a typical coarse-to-fine for socio-emotional stimuli compared To test this hypothesis, we asked adult participants (44 autistic, 51 non-autistic) detect fearful faces among neutral faces, filtered two orders: from (CtF) and fine-to-coarse (FtC). Results show lower d' values longer reaction times detection autism non-autistic (NA) individuals, regardless of the filtering order. Both groups presented shorter P100 latency after CtF FtC, larger amplitude N170 FtC CtF. reduced difference source activity between fusiform. There was also spatially spread activation pattern NA females. Finally, had faster latencies, as well occipital sequences males, irrespective group. Overall, results do not suggest impaired LSF despite behavioral differences fear detection. they indicate brain modulation frequency autism. In addition, findings highlight sex warrant consideration understanding

Language: Английский

---

Females exhibit smaller volumes of brain activation and lower inter-subject variability during motor tasks

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Oct. 17, 2023

Past work has shown that brain structure and function differ between females males. Males have larger cortical sub-cortical volume surface area (both total subregional), while greater thickness in most regions. Functional differences are also reported the literature, yet to date little systematically considered whether patterns of activity indexed with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) The current study sought remediate this issue by employing task-based whole motor mapping analyses using an openly available dataset. We tested associated 12 voluntary movement versus Results suggest exhibited smaller volumes activation across all tasks, lower variability 10 movements. observed had thickness, which is alignment previous structural differences. Overall, these findings provide a basis for considering biological sex future fMRI research foundation understanding how neurological pathologies present vs

Language: Английский

---

The links between physical activity and prosocial behavior: an fNIRS hyperscanning study

Cerebral Cortex, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 34(2)

Published: Jan. 5, 2024

Abstract The prevalence of physically inactive lifestyles in modern society raises concerns about the potential association with poor brain health, particularly lateral prefrontal cortex, which is crucial for human prosocial behavior. Here, we explored relationship between physical activity and behavior, focusing on neural markers, including intra-brain functional connectivity inter-brain synchrony cortex. Forty participants, each paired a stranger, completed two experimental conditions randomized order: (i) face-to-face (ii) face stimulus (eye-to-eye contact fictitious person displayed screen). Following condition, participants played economic games either their partner or an assumed screen. Neural cortex was recorded by near-infrared spectroscopy hyperscanning. Sparse multiset canonical correlation analysis showed that lifestyle covaried poorer reciprocity, greater trust, shorter decision-making time, weaker dorsal ventral These associations were observed exclusively condition. Our findings suggest may alter behavior impairing adaptable response to social factors through altered synchrony.

Language: Английский

---

Associations between sex, systemic iron and inflammatory status and subcortical brain iron

European Journal of Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 60(5), P. 5069 - 5085

Published: Aug. 7, 2024

Abstract Brain iron increases in several neurodegenerative diseases are associated with disease progression. However, the causes of increased brain remain unclear. This study investigates relationships between subcortical iron, systemic and inflammatory status. magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans blood plasma samples were collected from cognitively healthy females ( n = 176, mean age 61.4 ± 4.5 years, range 28–72 years) males 152, 62.0 5.1 32–74 years). Regional was quantified using quantitative susceptibility mapping. To assess haematocrit, ferritin soluble transferrin receptor measured, total body index calculated. inflammation, C‐reactive protein (CRP), neutrophil:lymphocyte ratio (NLR), macrophage colony‐stimulating factor 1 (MCSF), interleukin 6 (IL6) 1β (IL1β) measured. We demonstrated that levels right hippocampus higher compared females, while caudate males. There no significant associations observed markers status indicating such measures not iron. These results suggest may be regulated independently so directly targeting global change treatment have differential impacts on

Language: Английский

---

Sex differences in hemispheric asymmetries

Elsevier eBooks, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 363 - 389

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

---

Reduced Spatial Frequency Differentiation and Sex Differences in the Fusiform Cortex during Emotional Face Processing in Autism

Published: March 5, 2024

Face processing relies on predictive processes driven by low spatial frequencies (LSF) that convey coarse information prior to fine conveyed high frequencies. However, autistic individuals might have atypical processes, contributing facial difficulties. This may be more normalized in females, who often exhibit better socio-communicational abilities than males. We hypothesized females would display a typical coarse-to-fine for socio-emotional stimuli compared To test this hypothesis, we asked adult participants (44 autistic, 51 non-autistic) detect fearful faces among neutral faces, filtered two orders: from (CtF) and (FtC). Results show lower d’ values longer reaction times detection autism non-autistic individuals, regardless of the filtering order. Both groups presented shorter P100 latency after CtF FtC, larger amplitude N170 FtC CtF. reduced difference source activity between fusiform. There was also spatially spread activation pattern females. Finally, had faster latencies, as well occipital sequences males, irrespective group. Overall, results do not suggest impaired LSF despite behavioral differences fear detection. they indicate brain modulation frequency autism. In addition, findings highlight sex warrant consideration understanding

Language: Английский

---

Uncovering the links between physical activity and prosocial behaviour: A functional near-infrared spectroscopy hyperscanning study on brain connectivity and synchrony

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Aug. 21, 2023

The prevalence of sedentary lifestyles in modern society raises concerns about their potential association with poor brain health, particularly the lateral prefrontal cortex (LPFC), which is crucial for human prosocial behaviour. Here, we show relationship between physical activity and behaviour, focusing on neural markers, including intra-brain functional connectivity inter-brain synchrony LPFC. Forty participants, each paired a stranger, underwent evaluation LPFC using near-infrared spectroscopy hyperscanning during eye-to-eye contact an economic game. Results showed that individuals exercise habits more leisure-time demonstrated greater reciprocity, less trust, longer decision-making time, stronger dorsal ventral Our findings suggest lifestyle may alter behaviour by impairing adaptable response to social factors through altered synchrony.

Language: Английский

---