Beat-based dancing to music has evolutionary foundations in advanced vocal learning

BMC Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: Nov. 6, 2024

Abstract Dancing to music is ancient and widespread in human cultures. While dance shows great cultural diversity, it often involves nonvocal rhythmic movements synchronized musical beats a predictive tempo-flexible manner. To date, the only nonhuman animals known spontaneously move this way are parrots. This paper proposes that human-parrot similarities movement neurobiology of advanced vocal learning hold clues evolutionary foundations dance. The proposal draws on recent research parrot by Jarvis colleagues cortical model for speech motor control Hickock colleagues. These two lines work synthesized suggest gene regulation changes associated with evolution dorsal laryngeal pitch pathway ancestral humans fortuitously strengthened auditory-parietal connections support beat-based processing. More generally, aims explain how why strong forebrain auditory-motor integration service learned led capacity proclivity synchronize beat. specifies brain pathways implicated origins dancing leads testable predictions suggestions future research.

Language: Английский

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Functional network reorganization and memory impairment in unruptured brain arteriovenous malformations

Frontiers in Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 19

Published: April 9, 2025

Brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are congenital vascular anomalies that can affect cognitive, particularly memory functions. However, the underlying mechanisms of neurocognitive abnormalities in unruptured AVMs remain unclear. This study aimed to explore spontaneous functional network reorganization associated with impairment AVM patients using resting-state MRI (rsfMRI). Using rsfMRI data, we compared activity and connectivity patterns between 25 healthy controls, including regional homogeneity (ReHo), fractional amplitude low-frequency fluctuations (fALFF), seed-based (FC), lesion mapping. Correlation analysis was performed clarify relationship these parameters performance patients. We identified memory-related patients, involving somatomotor (SMN), frontoparietal control (FPN), default mode (DMN). Subgroup analyses based on location (frontal vs. non-frontal) laterality (left right) revealed location-dependent differences reorganization. In particular, left-sided showed disrupted FC within SMN, correlated working executive function, while right-sided frontal exhibited more complex multiple networks. Moreover, disconnection maps indicated lesions did not directly impair Patients exhibit reorganization, which is closely related location. These findings highlight alterations suggest potential neural deficits.

Language: Английский

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Sex-steroid hormones relate to cerebellar structure and functional connectivity across adulthood

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 25, 2024

Aging involves complex biological changes that affect disease susceptibility and aging trajectories. Although females typically live longer than males, they have a higher to diseases like Alzheimer's, speculated be influenced by menopause, reduced ovarian hormone production. Understanding sex-specific differences is crucial for personalized medical interventions gender equality in health. Our study aims elucidate sex regional cerebellar structure connectivity during normal investigating both structural functional variations, with focus on these the context of sex-steroid hormones. The included 138 participants (mean age = 57(13.3) years, range 35-86 54% women). cohort was divided into three groups: 38 early middle-aged individuals (EMA) 41(4.7) years), 48 late (LMA) 58(4) 42 older adults (OA) 72(6.3) years). All underwent MRI scans, saliva samples were collected quantification (17β-estradiol (E), progesterone (P), testosterone (T)). We found less between Lobule I-IV cuneus, greater Crus I, II, precuneus increased age. Higher 17β-estradiol levels linked I II subregions. Analyzing all together, associated lower respectively, while females. Structural observed, EMA males having larger volumes compared LMA OA groups, particularly right I-IV, V, VI. showed lobules V These results highlight significant role hormones modulating across adulthood, emphasizing need consider hormonal status neuroimaging studies better understand age-related cognitive decline neurological disorders.

Language: Английский

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Changes in the Parietal Lobe Subregion Volume at Various Stages of Alzheimer’s Disease and the Role in Cognitively Normal and Mild Cognitive Impairment Conversion

Journal of Integrative Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: Jan. 21, 2025

Background: Volume alterations in the parietal subregion have received less attention Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and their role predicting conversion of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to AD cognitively normal (CN) MCI remains unclear. In this study, we aimed assess volumetric variation at different stages determine subregions CN conversion. Methods: We included 662 participants from Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database, including 228 CN, 221 early (EMCI), 112 late (LMCI), 101 participants. measured volume based on Human Brainnetome Atlas (BNA-246) using voxel-based morphometry among individuals various progressive stable MCI. then calculated area under curve (AUC) receiver operating characteristic (ROC) test ability discriminate between groups. The Cox proportional hazard model was constructed which specific subregions, alone or combination, could be used predict progression Finally, examined relationship scores diagnostic Results: left inferior lobule (IPL)_6_5 (rostroventral 39) showed best patients with those (AUC = 0.688). consisting IPL_6_4 (caudal 40) bilateral IPL_6_5 combination for IPL_6_1 predictive power AD. Certain correlated scales. Conclusion: Subregions angular gyrus are essential onset subsequent development AD, detection these regions may useful identifying tendency develop its treatment.

Language: Английский

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Extraversion and the Brain: A Coordinate‐Based Meta‐Analysis of Functional Brain Imaging Studies on Positive Affect

Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 29, 2025

ABSTRACT Objective Extraversion is a fundamental personality dimension that contributes to an individual's overall health and well‐being. Many studies have examined the neural bases of extraversion but these results are inconsistent. This study adopted meta‐analysis approach examine brain activity correlates by incorporating functional neuroimaging in context positive affect/emotional stimuli. Methods A systematic literature search was performed databases PubMed, Web Science Core Collection, Embase, PsycInfo, CNKI, WanFang, Weipu. The demographic characteristics basic information included were first summarized. Then, conducted using anisotropic effect‐size seed‐based d mapping. Jackknife sensitivity analysis next reliability findings. Finally, meta‐regression test potential effects (i.e., sex age) on association between activity. Results total 11 meta‐analysis. revealed robust consistent correlations activation right inferior frontal gyrus/insula, angular gyrus, left precentral gyrus during affect processing. In contrast, striatum processing negatively associated with extraversion. Additionally, as moderator relationship insular activation. Conclusions Overall, our provide comprehensive understanding patterns extraversion, which may be helpful for targeting specific regions personalized interventions extraversion‐related psychological/physical illness.

Language: Английский

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Altered angular gyrus activation during the digit symbol substitution test in people living with HIV: beyond information processing speed deficits

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Feb. 17, 2025

Speed-of-information processing (SIP) is often impaired in people living with HIV (PLWH), typically assessed through tests such as the digit symbol (DS) and search, which also rely on motor executive functions. This study aims to disentangle SIP deficits from other cognitive impairments PLWH using an MRI-adapted substitution test (mDSST). Fifty-seven (34.7 ± 11.2 years) 50 age-matched without (PLWoH, 31.8 9.9 completed standardized neuropsychological mDSST. Behavioral performances brain activations were compared, correlations drawn between group-differentiating clinical ratings of domains. Results showed that performed worse DS made fewer responses, was slower mDSST, correlating ratings. Notably, greater attention compared PLWoH, rather than or motor. exhibited primary cortex activation reduced right angular gyrus activation. These findings suggest SIP-related may be partially linked abnormal visuospatial attention, reflected by activation, higher potentially serving a compensatory mechanism. Future studies should explore whether prefrontal regions implicated are more severely affected PLWH.

Language: Английский

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Cognitive impairment assessed by static and dynamic changes of spontaneous brain activity during end stage renal disease patients on early hemodialysis

Frontiers in Neurology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: Feb. 18, 2025

Compared with the general population, patients end-stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (ESHD) exhibit a higher incidence of cognitive impairment. Early identification impairment in these is crucial for reducing disability and mortality rates. Examining characteristics static dynamic regional spontaneous activities ESHD cases may provide insights into neuropathological damage patients. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance images were acquired from 40 early (3 or 4 times/week more than 30 days but less 12 months) 31 healthy matched controls. Group differences homogeneity (ReHo) identified, correlations examined clinical variables, including neuropsychological scale scores, while controlling covariates. Receiving operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses conducted to assess accuracy ReHo abnormalities predicting decline among ESHD. The group exhibited significantly reduced temporal parietal lobes, regions involved basal ganglia-thalamus-cortex circuits, default mode network, ventral attentional network. Several (including those right left middle gyrus) correlated neurocognitive scores. In addition, value superior gyrus was positively depression Comparing ROC area revealed that numerous brain altered can effectively distinguish between without Our study found activity alterations located circuit, network are associated severity deficits negative emotion These findings further insight relationship underlying neuropathophysiological mechanisms interplay kidneys nervous system ESRD patients, possibilities developing effective intervention measures.

Language: Английский

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Children engage neural reward structures for creative musical improvisation

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: April 10, 2025

Language: Английский

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Frequency-specific directed connectivity between the hippocampus and parietal cortex during verbal and spatial episodic memory: an intracranial EEG replication

Cerebral Cortex, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 34(7)

Published: July 1, 2024

Abstract Hippocampus-parietal cortex circuits are thought to play a crucial role in memory and attention, but their neural basis remains poorly understood. We employed intracranial electroencephalography (iEEG) investigate the neurophysiological underpinning of these across three tasks spanning verbal spatial domains. uncovered consistent pattern higher causal directed connectivity from hippocampus both lateral parietal (supramarginal angular gyrus) medial (posterior cingulate cortex) delta–theta band during encoding recall. This was independent activation or suppression states cortex. Crucially, supramarginal gyrus enhanced participants with recall, highlighting its behavioral significance. Our findings align attention-to-memory model, which posits that attention directs cognitive resources toward pertinent information formation. The robustness results demonstrated through Bayesian replication analysis recall periods tasks. study sheds light on casual signaling within hippocampus–parietal circuits, broadening our understanding critical roles human cognition.

Language: Английский

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Defining aphasia: Content analysis of six aphasia diagnostic batteries

Cortex, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 166, P. 19 - 32

Published: May 22, 2023

Language: Английский

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