Molecular signalling during cross talk between gut brain axis regulation and progression of irritable bowel syndrome: A comprehensive review

World Journal of Clinical Cases, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(19), P. 4458 - 4476

Published: June 30, 2023

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic functional disorder which alters gastrointestinal (GI) functions, thus leading to compromised health status. Pathophysiology of IBS not fully understood, whereas abnormal gut brain axis (GBA) has been identified as major etiological factor. Recent studies are suggestive for visceral hyper-sensitivity, altered motility and dysfunctional autonomous nervous system the main clinical abnormalities in patients. Bidirectional signalling interactions among these derived through various exogenous endogenous factors, such microbiota population diversity, microbial metabolites, dietary uptake, psychological abnormalities. Strategic efforts focused study including probiotics, antibiotics fecal transplantations normal germ-free animals clearly pivotal role etiology. Additionally, neurotransmitters act communication tools between enteric where serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) plays key pathophysiology IBS. It regulates GI motility, pain sense inflammatory responses particular mucosal activity. In absence better understanding interconnected crosstalks GBA, more scientific required search novel targeted therapies management this review, we have summarized composition, pathways their regulators, available therapeutics, gaps needed fill

Language: Английский

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Irritable bowel syndrome in children: pathogenetic significance of disorders of intestinal microbiota

Russian Pediatric Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 27(1), P. 49 - 54

Published: Feb. 28, 2024

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is the most common functional disorder of intestine in children. In recent years, IBS has been defined as pathology intestine, manifested by visceral recurrent pain that occurs at least once per week, characterized following two or more signs: associated with defecation; changes frequency and shape stools. These symptoms had to be noted patient for last 3 months, a total duration 6 without signs organic damage gastrointestinal tract (GIT). The gut microbiota particular importance pathogenesis IBS. patients IBS, an increase Enterobacteriaceae, Ruminococcus, Clostridium, Dorea species decrease number Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium Faecalibacterium were found. At same time, similar microbial profile was found different subtypes established patterns composition children adults indicate disorders GIT have pronounced pathogenesis. this regard, personalized use prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics, fecal transplantation can effectively affect intestinal microbiome Conclusion. Correction important method treating Determining formation creates new opportunities improving methods their correction.

Language: Английский

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A pathophysiologic framework for the overlap of disorders of gut-brain interaction and the role of the gut microbiome

Gut Microbes, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: Oct. 31, 2024

The International Rome Committee defines Disorders of Gut-Brain Interactions (DGBI) based upon distinct combinations chronic and/or recurrent unexplained gastrointestinal symptoms. Yet patients often experience overlapping DGBI. Patients with DGBI frequently also suffer from extraintestinal symptoms, including fatigue, sleep disturbances, anxiety, and depression. typically more severe GI symptoms increased psychosocial burden. Concerning the pathophysiology, are associated disruptions in gut motility, function brain enteric neurons, immune function, genetic markers, recent findings revealing microbiome alterations linked to these mechanisms Emerging evidence summarized this review suggests that influences various established disease different groups. Overall, changes do not seem be a specific subgroup but may play key role manifestation and, subsequently, overlap Understanding shared microbiome, particularly for DGBI, might aid developing precise diagnostic criteria treatment strategies while personalized interventions target improve patient outcomes.

Language: Английский

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Global research states and trends of micro RNA in irritable bowel syndrome: a bibliometric analysis

Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: July 5, 2024

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common chronic gastrointestinal disorder, but its diagnosis and treatment remain obscure. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), as potential biomarkers, have attracted increasing attention in digestive diseases. Here, we present comprehensive research status, development trends, valuable insights this subject area. The literature search was performed using Web of Science Core Collection. VOSviewer 1.6.20, Citespace 6.2.R4, Microsoft Excel 2021 were used for bibliometric analysis. A total 124 articles included the Overall, publication patterns fluctuated. Globally, People's Republic China, USA, Germany top three contributors publications. Guangzhou University Chinese Medicine, California, Mayo Clinic, Los Angeles contributed highest number pathways specific mechanisms by which ncRNAs regulate transcription translation thus pathophysiological processes IBS are main hotspots field. We found that microRNA (miRNAs) intricately involved regulation key pathologies such viscera sensitivity, intestinal permeability, mucosal barrier, immunoinflammatory response, brain-gut axis IBS, these topics garnered significant community. Notably, microecological disorders also associated with pathogenesis, ncRNA may play an important role interactions between host flora. This first study to comprehensively summarize trends related (especially miRNAs). Our findings will help understand provide guidance future studies.

Language: Английский

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Shared Genetic Architecture Among Gastrointestinal Diseases, Schizophrenia, and Brain Subcortical Volumes

Schizophrenia Bulletin, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 50(5), P. 1243 - 1254

Published: July 7, 2024

Abstract Background and Hypothesis The gut-brain axis plays important roles in both gastrointestinal diseases (GI diseases) schizophrenia (SCZ). Moreover, GI SCZ exhibit notable abnormalities brain subcortical volumes. However, the genetic mechanisms underlying comorbidity of these shared alterations volumes remain unclear. Study Design Using genome-wide association studies data SCZ, 14 volumes, 8 diseases, global polygenic overlap local correlations were identified, as well variants among those phenotypes. Furthermore, we conducted multi-trait colocalization analyses to bolster our findings. Functional annotations, cell-type enrichment, protein-protein interaction (PPI) carried out reveal critical etiology pathology mechanisms. Results informed close relationships between 84 unique lead-shared identified. associated genes linked vital biological processes within immune system. Additionally, significant observed with key cells PPI analysis identified several histone-associated hub genes. These findings highlighted pivotal played by system for along Conclusions revealed architecture contributing their insights have substantial implications concurrent development intervention therapy targets diseases.

Language: Английский

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Gut Microbiota and (Neuro)Inflammation: Involvement of Endotoxin in the Pathogenesis of Endogenous Psychoses

Psikhiatriya, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 21(5), P. 86 - 96

Published: Oct. 24, 2023

Background: there is a two-way relationship between the gut microbiota (GM) and brain, both in normal pathological conditions. It has been suggested that disturbances GM composition function can lead to activation of (neuro) inflammation or its maintenance mental disorders. Objective: analysis scientific publications, including results our own research on microbiota, role modulation brain functions involvement (neuro)inflammation endogenous Material method: using keywords “gut–microbiota” “microbiota–gut–brain axis/mental disorders”, “inflammation”, “neuroinflammation”, articles reviews were searched databases electronic libraries publications Medline/PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, RSCI, other sources. Results: basis literature sources, general information about GM, composition, main ways interaction with given. The development (neuro)inflammation, currently considered as one pathogenetic mechanisms disorders, discussed. Particular attention paid studies endotoxin (ET) (lipopolysaccharide — LPS) psychoses these indicators effectiveness pharmacotherapy. Conclusion: it established an important participant regulator neuro-immune interactions. possible disorders participation aggression (EA) formation therapeutic resistance revealed.

Language: Английский

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The role of miRNA in IBS pathogenesis, diagnosis and therapy: The latest thought

Digestive and Liver Disease, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 56(9), P. 1433 - 1441

Published: Feb. 10, 2024

Language: Английский

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Reminder of Important Clinical Lesson: Irritable Bowel Syndrome in Primary Care Physicians

International Journal of Medical Science and Clinical Research Studies, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 04(02)

Published: Feb. 19, 2024

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is one of the most commonly diagnosed gastrointestinal diseases. IBS, in absence any other causative disease, defined as presence abdominal pain or discomfort with altered habits. The etiology IBS broad and not clearly understood. Nearly 12 percent patients seek medical care primary practices for related complaints. pathophysiology includes abnormalities involving motility, visceral sensation, brain-gut interaction, psychosocial distress. clinical case presented has textual characteristics that represent treating a patient diagnostic criteria this pathology. Presenting prevalent cases helps physician training specialists to overlook what common practice.

Language: Английский

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Risk Associated with Antibiotic in Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS), Role of Microbiota and Future Aspects

International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 6(1)

Published: Feb. 23, 2024

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is functional gastrointestinal (GI) disorder that characterized by abdominal pain in relation to disturbed habits. It a substantial burden on both patient health –related quality of life and healthcare cost. Although various path physiologic mechanisms have been formulated including visceral hypersensitivity, altered motility, gut- brain dysregulations but it believed gut microbiome plays an important role the genesis symptoms. The composition diversity micro biota can be modified use antibiotics, as they capacity diminish levels advantageous bacteria while allowing proliferation detrimental bacteria. well known biome takes crucial development IBS, antibiotics itself potential risk factors for IBS has not clarified yet. However, lack highly predictive diagnostics biomarkers complexity heterogeneity patients make management difficult unsatisfactory most cases, thereby reducing health- related increasing sanitary burden. So, this review would help us understand associated with developing other future approaches which are useful diagnosis, prevention treatment irritable syndrome.

Language: Английский

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Pharmacogenetics in IBS: update and impact of GWAS studies in drug targets and metabolism

Expert Opinion on Drug Metabolism & Toxicology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 20(5), P. 319 - 332

Published: May 3, 2024

Introduction Medications are frequently prescribed for patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) or disorders of gut brain interaction. The level drug metabolism and modifications in targets determine medication efficacy to modify motor sensory function as well patient response outcomes.

Language: Английский

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