Plasma GFAP, NfL and pTau 181 detect preclinical stages of dementia

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: April 9, 2024

Background Plasma biomarkers are preferable to invasive and expensive diagnostic tools, such as neuroimaging lumbar puncture that gold standard in the clinical management of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). Here, we investigated plasma Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP), Neurofilament Light Chain (NfL) Phosphorylated-tau-181 (pTau 181) AD its early stages: Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) Mild impairment (MCI). Material methods This study included 152 patients (42 SCD, 74 MCI 36 AD). All underwent comprehensive neurological assessment. Blood samples were collected for Apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotyping biomarker (GFAP, NfL, pTau measurements. Forty-three (7 27 MCI, 9 AD) a follow-up (FU) visit after 2 years, second sample was collected. levels detected using Simoa SR-X technology (Quanterix Corp.). Statistical analysis performed SPSS software version 28 (IBM Statistics). significance set at p < 0.05. Results GFAP, NfL 181 lower SCD than patients. In particular, GFAP statistically significant different between ( =0.003), =0.032). vs =0.026), <0.001), FU p=0.033 ), p=0.011 =0.002), =0.003) =0.003). concentration significantly =0.001), =0.020). APOE ϵ4 carriers, increase p<0.001 ) found p=0.014). Moreover, an association emerged age disease onset (p = 0.021) pTau181 0.001) levels. Discussion conclusions promising diagnosis prodromic stages prognosis dementia.

Language: Английский

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Evaluation of serum neurofilament light chain and glial fibrillary acidic protein in the diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease

Frontiers in Neurology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Jan. 30, 2024

Purpose This study aimed to evaluate the use of serum neurofilament light chain (NfL) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in diagnosis Alzheimer’s disease (AD) differential between AD mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Methods From September 2021 October 2022, we collected venous blood from patients healthy individuals who visited our hospital’s Neurology Department, isolated detect NfL GFAP using direct chemiluminescence. The results were analyzed one-way analysis variance (ANOVA) receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Results Pairwise comparisons among three groups showed that compared with health checkup (HC) group, increased both MCI ( P < 0.05, 0.01). There significant differences groups, level group was higher p 0.01), while there no difference NfL. Both levels can independently diagnose ROC curve had a diagnostic efficacy, an area under (AUC) 0.928. cut-off values two markers for > 40.09 pg./mL >31.40 pg./mL. Sensitivity specificity 59.6 76.2%, respectively, GFAP, they 90.4 82.1%, respectively. combined improved efficiency (AUC = 0.931, sensitivity 78.8%, 92.3%). value 46.05 Conclusion be used as biomarkers AD. Serum has better efficacy distinguish MCI. A improve specificity.

Language: Английский

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Short communication: Evaluating roles of plasma glial fibrillary acidic protein as Alzheimer's disease biomarker in real-world multi-center memory clinics in Thailand

Journal of Alzheimer s Disease, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 9, 2025

The roles of reactive astrocytes in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and the correlation between plasma glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) amyloid-β are emerging. Among 133 patients with cognitive complaints from multi-center memory clinics Thailand, 73 had AD as defined either by cerebrospinal fluid core biomarkers or amyloid PET. Plasma GFAP demonstrated an AUC 0.74 (95%CI: 0.65–0.83) for detecting showed large effects on identifying status Cohen's d = 0.81 (95%CI 0.44–1.18). LOESS regression illustrated that increased early stages AD. has potential applications across diverse populations.

Language: Английский

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The value of serum glial fibrillary acidic protein as a biomarker of astrogliosis in different neurological diseases

Clinica Chimica Acta, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 120248 - 120248

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Differences of longitudinal plasma biomarkers between single memory domain and multidomain subject cognitive decline: Evidence from SILCODE

Journal of Alzheimer s Disease, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 10, 2025

Background Plasma biomarkers demonstrated potential in identifying amyloid pathology early Alzheimer's disease. Different subtypes of subjective cognitive decline (SCD) may lead to different impairment conversion risks. Objective To investigate the differences plasma SCD individuals, which were unclear. Methods The 347 individuals involved, including 93 normal controls (NC), 76 single memory domain (sd-SCD), 79 multidomain (md-SCD), 55 mild and 44 dementia. We investigated (Aβ 42/40 , p-tau181, p-tau217, NfL, GFAP) neuropsychological scales baseline follow-up. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis Cox proportional hazards model performed risk conversion. t-test, Mann-Whitney U multiple linear regression employed evaluate rate change correlation between PET-SUVR biomarker change. Results In cognitively subjects, md-SCD exhibited lower Aβ higher p-tau181 p-tau217 levels. revealed that group a compared NC sd-SCD. Within subgroups, those with positive GFAP status showed than negative. model, was 2.77 times faster Conclusions study utilized highlight significance staging SCD. presents sd-SCD, providing valuable reference convenient tool for identification at AD.

Language: Английский

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Reproducibility of Plasma Biomarker Measurements Across Laboratories: Insights Into ptau217, GFAP, and NfL

Dementia and Neurocognitive Disorders, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 24(2), P. 91 - 91

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Plasma biomarkers, including phosphorylated tau (ptau217), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and neurofilament light chain (NfL), are promising tools for detecting Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. However, cross-laboratory reproducibility remains a challenge, even when using identical analytical platforms such as single-molecule array (Simoa). This study aimed to compare plasma biomarker measurements (ptau217, GFAP, NfL) between 2 laboratories, the University of Gothenburg (UGOT) DNAlink, evaluate their associations with amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. biomarkers were measured Simoa at both laboratories: UGOT DNAlink Incorporation. Diagnostic performance predicting PET positivity, agreement, impact normalization techniques assessed. Bland-Altman plots correlation analyses employed agreement variability. ptau217 concentrations exhibited strong correlations global centiloid values, comparable diagnostic laboratories (area under curve=0.94 0.95 DNAlink). Cross-laboratory was excellent (r=0.96), improving further after natural log transformation. GFAP NfL also demonstrated moderate (r=0.86 r=0.99 NfL), reducing consistent across platforms, improved normalization. These findings support scalability multi-center studies underscore potential standardized applications in AD research clinical practice.

Language: Английский

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Future perspective and clinical applicability of the combined use of plasma phosphorylated tau 181 and neurofilament light chain in Subjective Cognitive Decline and Mild Cognitive Impairment

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: May 17, 2024

Abstract We aimed to assess diagnostic accuracy of plasma p-tau181 and NfL separately in combination discriminating Subjective Cognitive Decline (SCD) Mild Impairment (MCI) patients carrying Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) pathology from non-carriers; propose a flowchart for the interpretation results NfL. included 43 SCD, 41 MCI 21 AD-demented (AD-d) patients, who underwent analysis. Twenty-eight AD-d CSF biomarkers analysis (Aβ1-42, Aβ1-42/1–40, p-tau, t-tau) were classified as carriers AD (AP+) it they A+/T+ , or non-carriers (AP−) when A−, A+/T−/N−, A+/T−/N+ according A/T(N) system. Plasma showed good (AUC = 0.88), while combined model (NfL + p-tau181) an excellent 0.92) AP+ AP− patients. moderately concordant (Coehn’s k 0.50, p < 0.001). Based on logistic regression model, we estimated risk considering two biomarkers: 10.91% if both negative; 41.10 76.49% only one biomarker was positive (respectively p-tau18 NfL); 94.88% positive. Considering moderate concordance presenting underlying positivity NfL, proposed flow chart guide use detect pathology.

Language: Английский

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Emerging Role of Astrocyte-Derived Extracellular Vesicles as Active Participants in CNS Neuroimmune Responses

Immunological Investigations, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 53(1), P. 26 - 39

Published: Nov. 19, 2023

Astrocyte-derived extracellular vesicles (ADEVs) have garnered attention as a fundamental mechanism of intercellular communication in health and disease. In the context neurological diseases, for which prodromal diagnosis would be advantageous, ADEVs are also being explored their potential utility biomarkers. this review, we provide current state data supporting our understanding on manifold roles several common disorders. We discuss these findings from unique emerging perspective that represent means by central nervous system may broadcast influence over other systems body to affect neuroinflammatory processes, with both dual either propagate illness or restore homeostasis.

Language: Английский

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