Assessment of proline function in higher plants under extreme temperatures

Plant Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 25(3), P. 379 - 395

Published: Feb. 7, 2023

Climate change and abiotic stress factors are key players in crop losses worldwide. Among which, extreme temperatures (heat cold) disturb plant growth development, reduce productivity and, severe cases, lead to death. Plants have developed numerous strategies mitigate the detrimental impact of temperature stress. Exposure leads accumulation various metabolites, e.g. sugars, sugar alcohols, organic acids amino acids. accumulate acid 'proline' response several stresses, including Proline abundance may result from de novo synthesis, hydrolysis proteins, reduced utilization or degradation. also tolerance by maintaining osmotic balance (still controversial), cell turgidity indirectly modulating metabolism reactive oxygen species. Furthermore, crosstalk proline with other osmoprotectants signalling molecules, glycine betaine, abscisic acid, nitric oxide, hydrogen sulfide, soluble helps strengthen protective mechanisms stressful environments. Development less temperature-responsive cultivars can be achieved manipulating biosynthesis through genetic engineering. This review presents an overview responses outline under such temperatures. The exogenous application as a molecule is presented. interaction molecules discussed. Finally, potential engineering proline-related genes explained develop 'temperature-smart' plants. In short, promise ways forward for developing future

Language: Английский

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Role of phytohormones in regulating cold stress tolerance: Physiological and molecular approaches for developing cold-smart crop plants

Plant Stress, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 8, P. 100152 - 100152

Published: March 23, 2023

Global climate variations induce extreme temperatures and significantly decrease crop production, leading to food insecurity worldwide. Temperature extremes (mainly cold stress (CS): chilling 0–15 °C freezing <0 temperatures) limit plant growth development severely affect physiology biochemical molecular processes. Subsequently, plants execute numerous endogenous mechanisms, including phytohormone biosynthesis (i.e., abscisic acid, cytokinins, jasmonic salicylic gibberellic brassinosteroids, indole-3-acetic ethylene, strigolactones) tolerate stressful environments. Phytohormones are vital for managing diverse events associated with under CS as important signaling substances that dynamically arbitrate many physiological, biochemical, responses through a stress-responsive regulatory cascade. This review briefly appraises adaptation mechanisms then comprehensively reports on the crucial role of several phytohormones in adjusting response acclimation. We also discuss phytohormone-regulated genes controlling tolerance their genetic engineering combat species develop future CS-smart plants. The potential state-of-the-art omics approaches help identify phytohormone-induced novel genes, metabolites, metabolic pathways is discussed. In short, we conclude exogenous application phytohormones-regulated promising techniques developing cold-smart

Language: Английский

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Enhancing Essential Grains Yield for Sustainable Food Security and Bio-Safe Agriculture through Latest Innovative Approaches

Agronomy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(7), P. 1709 - 1709

Published: June 26, 2023

A key concern in agriculture is how to feed the expanding population and safeguard environment from ill effects of climate change. To a growing global population, food production security are significant problems, as output may need double by 2050. Thus, more innovative effective approaches for increasing agricultural productivity (hence, production) required meet rising demand food. The world’s most widely cultivated grains include corn, wheat, rice, which serve foundation basic foods. This review focuses on some up-to-date that boost barley, oat yields with insight into molecular technology genetics raise resource-efficient use these important grains. Although red light management genetic manipulation show maximal grain yield enhancement, other covered strategies including bacterial-nutrient management, solar brightening, facing abiotic stress through systems, fertilizer harmful gas emissions reduction, photosynthesis tolerance, disease resistance, varietal improvement also enhance increase plant resistance environmental circumstances. study discusses potential challenges addressed possible future perspectives.

Language: Английский

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Plant responses to climate change, how global warming may impact on food security: a critical review

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Jan. 5, 2024

Global agricultural production must double by 2050 to meet the demands of an increasing world human population but this challenge is further exacerbated climate change. Environmental stress, heat, and drought are key drivers in food security strongly impacts on crop productivity. Moreover, global warming threatening survival many species including those which we rely for production, forcing migration cultivation areas with impoverishing environment genetic variability fall out effects security. This review considers relationship climatic changes their bearing sustainability natural ecosystems, as well role omics-technologies, genomics, proteomics, metabolomics, phenomics ionomics. The use resource saving technologies such precision agriculture new fertilization discussed a focus breeding plants higher tolerance adaptability mitigation tools changes. Nevertheless, exposed multiple stresses. study lays basis proposition novel research paradigm referred holistic approach that went beyond exclusive concept yield, included sustainability, socio-economic commercialization, agroecosystem management.

Language: Английский

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Temperature‐smart plants: A new horizon with omics‐driven plant breeding

Physiologia Plantarum, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 176(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Abstract The adverse effects of mounting environmental challenges, including extreme temperatures, threaten the global food supply due to their impact on plant growth and productivity. Temperature extremes disrupt genetics, leading significant issues eventually damaging phenotypes. Plants have developed complex signaling networks respond tolerate temperature stimuli, genetic, physiological, biochemical, molecular adaptations. In recent decades, omics tools other strategies rapidly advanced, offering crucial insights a wealth information about how plants adapt stress. This review explores potential an integrated omics‐driven approach understanding temperatures. By leveraging cutting‐edge methods, genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, miRNAomics, epigenomics, phenomics, ionomics, alongside power machine learning speed breeding data, we can revolutionize practices. These advanced techniques offer promising pathway developing climate‐proof varieties that withstand fluctuations, addressing increasing demand for high‐quality in face changing climate.

Language: Английский

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Past and future of cytoplasmic male sterility and heterosis breeding in crop plants

Plant Cell Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 44(2)

Published: Jan. 22, 2025

Language: Английский

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CRISPR/Cas genome editing for cotton precision breeding: mechanisms, advances, and prospects

Journal of Cotton Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 8(1)

Published: Feb. 3, 2025

Abstract Cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.) is one of the most important global crops that supports textile industry and provides a living for millions farmers. The constantly increasing demand needs significant rise in cotton production. Genome editing technology, specifically with clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein (Cas) tools, has opened new possibilities trait development cotton. It allows precise efficient manipulation within genome when compared other genetic engineering tools. Current developments CRISPR/Cas including prime editing, base multiplexing have expanded scope traits breeding can be targeted. been employed to generate effectively CRISPRized plants enhanced agronomic traits, fiber yield quality, oil improvement, stress resistance, nutrition. Here we summarized various target genes which successfully altered However, some challenges remain, tetraploid having redundant gene sets homologs making editing. To ensure specificity avoiding off-target effects, need optimize parameters such as site, guide RNA design, choosing right Cas variants. We outline future prospects breeding, suggesting areas further research innovation. A combination speed might useful fastening potentials create customized cultivars meet higher demands agriculture industry.

Language: Английский

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Genetic modification strategies for enhancing plant resilience to abiotic stresses in the context of climate change

Functional & Integrative Genomics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 23(3)

Published: Aug. 29, 2023

Language: Английский

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Integrated omics-based exploration for temperature stress resilience: An approach to smart grape breeding strategies

Plant Stress, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11, P. 100356 - 100356

Published: Jan. 21, 2024

Crop resilience measures must be strengthened in response to the global climate impact. Temperature stress exacerbates impact on crop growth and grain yield, threatening sustainability of grapevine production dependent wine industries. Grape (Vitis spp.) is one most widely cultivated fruit crops world, as well economically important fruit. However, grape yield quality are highly environmental conditions, particularly temperature stress. Understanding molecular mechanisms that control responses stresses development stress-resilient varieties have markedly advanced through rapid evolution high-throughput sequencing technologies, state-of-the-art multi-omics analytic platforms, automated phenotyping facilities. In current review, we summarized recent genomic progress omics-based breakthroughs grapes contributed abiotic tolerance via genetic strategies during last decades. Furthermore, delve into prospective challenges opportunities pertaining use multi-omics-based breeding aimed at designing climate-resilient varieties. Advances efficient de novo or re-domestication histories, characterization numerous trait genes using various omics tools, also discussed. By describing underlying adaptability future meet demand due population bursts following decades while keeping change mind, information will offer potential solutions for sustainable businesses.

Language: Английский

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Nanomaterial strategies for enhancing plant resilience in the face of temperature stress

CABI Agriculture and Bioscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5(1)

Published: June 24, 2024

Abstract Plant growth and productivity are greatly impacted by temperature stress, both high low. These stresses impair biochemical, physiological, molecular processes in the plant, eventually affecting plant growth, development, productivity. Consequently, novel approaches needed to overcome these problems achieve sustainability. Nanotechnology is one such approach improving crop production, using nanoscale products. Nanoparticle size, nature, application mode, environmental conditions, rhizospheric phyllospheric environments, species of make a significant impact on their action. With easy soluble smaller excellent ability penetrate plants, cross cellular barriers, nanoparticles have become an increasingly popular agricultural tool. It has recently been observed that silver, silicon, titanium, selenium can alter physiological biochemical response plants order counteract or low stress. In this review, description provided how absorbed different parts they translocate along with factors influence uptake translocation. Also stress various types morphological, anatomical, modifications caused nanoparticles. The review going provide researchers sciences glimpse into discover new deal heat

Language: Английский

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